Financial Risk Perceptions: A Behavioral Perspective

Purpose – This paper aims to challenge the myth of risk-averseness among women entrepreneurs and analyses risk in the context of gender. It explores risk perceptions and examines the relationship between the concept of risk and women’s socially attributed roles. Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts a qualitative approach, where ten Irish women business owners were interviewed, that encouraged them to talk about their entrepreneurial experiences. The research design aimed to elicit data concerning how gender and the socio-economic context influenced risk. Findings – Risk is shown as a gendered concept which needs to be widened to suit the experiences of women entrepreneurs and the influences of the gendered expectations of care dictated by the socio-economic environment. Practical implications – Risk as a concept needs to be expanded to go beyond financial risk. The different types of risk encountered by women should be addressed by policy to promote a further growth of women-led enterprises and support those considering self-employment. Originality/value – The paper develops an understanding of risk among women entrepreneurs in their socio-economic context. It challenges the viewpoint of seeing women entrepreneurs as risk-averse and thus leading to low-growth prospects for their business ventures.

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Entrepreneurial intention of academic students in the time of COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development ◽

10.1108/jsbed-03-2021-0110 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Kamel Krichen ◽

Haithem Chaabouni

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Social Risk ◽

Educational Support ◽

Content Type ◽

Contextual Support ◽

The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of the economic shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the entrepreneurial intentions of academic students. In addition, this research examined whether the pandemic reinforces the tendency to operate new businesses or represents a barrier to the pursuit of entrepreneurial opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted with a sample of university students. Risk perception and contextual variables were measured. Information was collected from 308 university students enrolled at the University of Sfax (Tunisia) who participated by responding to a structured questionnaire distributed in electronic form by email.FindingsThe results show that university students perceive higher levels of personal entrepreneurial risk than other types of entrepreneurial risks (financial risk and social risk). Perceived financial risk only has a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention for students who view the COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity. Regarding perceived contextual support, only perceived educational support has a significant and positive effect on entrepreneurial intention.Research limitations/implicationsThe results have important practical implications for identifying entrepreneurial intentions. They indicate that universities have an essential role in providing educational support for students by implementing awareness and training programs for entrepreneurship. Furthermore, they reveal the differentiated effect of the COVID-19 crisis on the risk perceptions of participants according to their views of the crisis as a threat or as an opportunity.Originality/valueThis is one of few studies that have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (positive or negative) on the entrepreneurial intention of academic students.

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Investment risk management for vanilla agribusiness development in Indonesia

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202123202022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 232 ◽

pp. 02022

Author(s):

Suci Wulandari

Keyword(s):

Risk Perceptions ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Matrix Analysis ◽

Investment Risk ◽

Production Risk ◽

Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽

Rot Disease

Indonesia's position as the world's largest vanilla producer has been replaced by Madagascar. This condition is caused by the declining quality of Indonesian vanilla. Competitiveness is related to the degree of transformation determined by investment capital, technology availability, and managerial ability. Limited investment is one of the characteristics of vanilla development in addition to high business risk and low technology adoption. It is affected by risk perceptions in production and investment behaviour of farmers. This study aims to analyse investment risks in the development of vanilla agribusiness and formulate investment risk mitigation strategies. The analysis uses Risk Matrix Analysis by measuring the degree of severity and probability, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process to assess the strategy. Agribusiness investment is an important element and catalyst to agricultural development. The risks of vanilla agribusiness investment are not only determined by risks arising from the financial aspect but also influenced by technical aspects. They are divided into production risk, price or market risk, financial risk, institutional risk, and human or personal risk. Risk mitigation strategies can be divided into on-farm strategies and share risk strategies. Stem Rot disease, vanilla theft, and price fluctuation are the most important risk in vanilla agribusiness investment.

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IS JORDAN SAFE TO VISIT? THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED RISK PERCEPTIONS ON THE TOURIST BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS

GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites ◽

10.30892/gtg.334spl15-606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 1545-1550

Author(s):

Ashraf Mohammad ALFANDI ◽

Keyword(s):

Perceived Risk ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Empirical Relationship ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Data Set ◽

Physical Risk ◽

Risk Dimensions ◽

Psychological Risk ◽

The Impact

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of perceived risk dimensions on the tourists behavioural intention (BI). A questionnaire was prepared drawing from the scales in literature, and it was applied in a form of a self-administered questionnaire on European tourists who visited Jordan in 2018. To check the hypotheses on a data set of 339 completed questionnaires, multiple regression tests were applied. The findings identified that perceived financial risk (FR) and perceived performance risk (PR) had significant impact on tourists BI, however, perceived physical risk (PHR), perceived time risk (TR), and perceived socio-psychological risk (SPR) risk were not significant. The findings reflect only the perceived risks and BI of European tourists visiting Jordan. The focus should be placed on reducing implemented taxes on the touristic services and products in order to make Jordan more price competitive. This study establishes an empirical relationship between the risk dimensions and the BI of tourists; consequently, the findings have implications for the tourism industry, especially for key players in the Jordanian Tourism Board. It also serves as a reference to destinations with similar risk background.

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Pay-premium for green brands: evidence from an emerging country

Journal of Global Responsibility ◽

10.1108/jgr-03-2019-0034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 219-232

Author(s):

Ulun Akturan

Keyword(s):

Willingness To Pay ◽

Brand Equity ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Survey Method ◽

Green Products ◽

Content Type ◽

Performance Risk ◽

Emerging Country

Purpose This study aims to examine how green branding strategies affect pay-premium behaviour of consumers for high- vs low-involvement green products in an emerging country. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 500 consumers by survey method, and structural equation modelling was run to analyse the hypotheses. Findings Consequently, it was found that for involvement level consumers’ pay-premium behaviour was affected indirectly by perceived quality, and directly by green brand equity and brand credibility. Moreover, in addition to those factors, for low-involvement green products, performance risk and financial risk have an impact on willingness to pay more; however, for high-involvement green products, only performance risk influences the pay more behaviour of consumers. Research limitations/implications In the research, two involvement levels and two brands were used. Brand names in particular may have caused a bias in the measurement. And the findings are limited by the sample, which includes respondents from an emerging country. Practical implications Managers should focus on green brand equity, brand quality and credibility to support willingness to pay more for green products. Moreover, they should monitor performance risk and financial risk perceptions, which may differ according to the involvement levels. Originality/value There is no other study, at least to the best of the author’s knowledge, testing the effects of brand-related factors on consumers’ willingness to pay-premium for green brands.

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Influence of Perceived Risks on Consumers' Online Purchase Behaviour

International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development ◽

10.4018/ijskd.2017070102 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 17-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rama Mohana Rao Katta ◽

Chandra Sekhar Patro

Keyword(s):

Perceived Risk ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Online Shopping ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Online Purchase ◽

Performance Risk ◽

Shopping Environments ◽

Reduce Risk ◽

Almost All

This article describes how online shopping has been emerging as an important part of consumers' life style in almost all developed countries as well as developing countries. People can buy anything at any time and from anywhere through online shopping. Consumers have to deal with risks they perceive about the product, the environment, or the buying process. Beside the vast benefits of online shopping, consumers perceive different type of risks involved in online shopping environments. Therefore, consumers have to deal with the risks they perceive in relation to financial risk, product performance risk, convenience risk, security & privacy risk and health risk. These perceived risk factors determine the consumers' purchase behaviour towards online shopping. The purpose of this article is to analyze the dimensions of risk and the perceptions of the consumers in online shopping processes. The findings of the study would help the e-retailers to have a better understanding and to develop strategies to eliminate or reduce risk perceptions of the target consumers.

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Financial risk perceptions: a consciousness perspective

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets ◽

10.1108/qrfm-07-2012-0023 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 66-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert A. Olsen

Keyword(s):

Sample Size ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Interpersonal Trust ◽

Human Consciousness ◽

Content Type ◽

Market Participants ◽

Significant Bias ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implications of human consciousness relative to financial risk perceptions. Design/methodology/approach – After conceptually identifying that risk perceptions qualify as a Qualia, survey data are gathered from investment experts to clarify the implications. Findings – Financial risk perceptions are Qualia and as such should have a strong affective influence on risk perceptions. This suggests that aggregate market measures of financial risk may be difficult to obtain and utilize. Research limitations/implications – Sample size could be larger and more complete implications need to be investigated. Sample unlikely to exhibit significant bias. Practical implications – Going to be difficult to devise aggregate measures of financial risk across market participants. Social implications – Risk is going to be heavily affective in orientation and interpersonal Trust is a financial risk attribute. Originality/value – Is quite original as the author has never seen another paper look to the implications of consciousness for financial risk perceptions or even Trust. Breaks new ground!

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