Local Behavior of the Tumor: Growth Pattern and Growth Rate

AbstractThe Baka Pygmies are known for their short stature resulting from a reduced growth rate during infancy. They are peculiar also for their teeth erupt earlier than in any other African population, and their posterior dentition is larger than in non-Pygmy populations. However, the Baka’s dental morphology, like several other aspects of their biology, is still understudied. Here, we explore the variation of the Baka’s deciduous upper and lower second molars (dm2s) in comparison to a geographically heterogeneous human sample by means of 3D geometric morphometrics and analysis of dental traits. Our results show that the different populations largely overlap based on the shape of their dm2s, especially the lower ones. Their distal region and the height of the dentinal crown differ the most, with the Baka showing the most extreme range of variation. Upper and lower dm2s covary to a great extent (RV = 0.82). The Baka’s and South Americans’ dm2s were confirmed among the largest in our sample. Despite the Baka’s unique growth pattern, long-lasting isolation, and extreme dental variation, it is not possible to distinguish them from other populations based on their dm2s’ morphology only.

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Compensatory Growth in Dairy Heifers: The Effect of a Compensatory Growth Pattern on Growth Rate and Lactation Performance

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(97)75965-4 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 519-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Y.J. Choi ◽

I.K. Han ◽

J.H. Woo ◽

H.J. Lee ◽

K. Jang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Lactation Performance ◽

Dairy Heifers

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Tumor growth characteristics of the Walker 256 AR tumor, a regressive variant of the rat Walker 256 A tumor

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132010000500014 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 1101-1108 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernando Guimarães ◽

Alessandra Soares Schanoski ◽

Tereza Cristina Samico Cavalcanti ◽

Priscila Bianchi Juliano ◽

Ana Neuza Viera-Matos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Tumor Regression ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

Tumor Bearing ◽

Walker 256 ◽

Complete Tumor

The present study aimed at characterizing the subcutaneous development of the Walker 256 (W256) AR tumor, a regressive variant of the rat W256 A tumor. Wistar rats were injected subcutaneously with 4x10(6) W256 A or W256 AR tumor cells. The development of tumors was evaluated daily by percutaneous measurements. None of the W256 A tumors (n=20) regressed, but 62% of the W256 AR tumor-bearing rats (n=21) underwent complete tumor regression within 35 days. Continuous growth of AR tumors was characterized by an increase of the tumor growth rate from day 12, which reached values above 1.0 g/day, and were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the regressive AR tumors. Immunosuppression by irradiation before subcutaneous injection of AR cells completely abrogated tumor regression and was associated with severe metastatic dissemination. Daily evaluation of the tumor growth rate enabled the discrimination, in advance, between continuously growing tumors and those that regressed later on.

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Targeted Treatment of Experimental Spinal Cord Glioma With Dual Gene-Engineered Human Neural Stem Cells

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/neu.0000000000001174 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 481-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Alexander E. Ropper ◽

Xiang Zeng ◽

Hariprakash Haragopal ◽

Jamie E. Anderson ◽

Zaid Aljuboori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Rat Model ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Tumor Growth Rate ◽

Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽

Human Neural Stem Cells

Abstract BACKGROUND There are currently no satisfactory treatments or experimental models showing autonomic dysfunction for intramedullary spinal cord gliomas (ISCG). OBJECTIVE To develop a rat model of ISCG and investigate whether genetically engineered human neural stem cells (F3.hNSCs) could be developed into effective therapies for ISCG. METHODS Immunodeficient/Rowett Nude rats received C6 implantation of G55 human glioblastoma cells (10K/each). F3.hNSCs engineered to express either cytosine deaminase gene only (i.e., F3.CD) or dual genes of CD and thymidine kinase (i.e., F3.CD-TK) converted benign 5-fluorocytosine and ganciclovir into oncolytic 5-fluorouracil and ganciclovir-triphosphate, respectively. ISCG rats received injection of F3.CD-TK, F3.CD, or F3.CD-TK debris near the tumor epicenter 7 days after G55 seeding, followed with 5-FC (500 mg/kg/5 mL) and ganciclovir administrations (25 mg/kg/1 mL/day × 5/each repeat, intraperitoneal injection). Per humane standards for animals, loss of weight-bearing stepping in the hindlimb was used to determine post-tumor survival. Also evaluated were autonomic functions and tumor growth rate in vivo. RESULTS ISCG rats with F3.CD-TK treatment survived significantly longer (37.5 ± 4.78 days) than those receiving F3.CD (21.5 ± 1.75 days) or F3.CD-TK debris (19.3 ± 0.85 days; n = 4/group; P <.05, median rank test), with significantly improved autonomic function and reduced tumor growth rate. F3.DC-TK cells migrated diffusively into ISCG clusters to mediate oncolytic effect. CONCLUSION Dual gene-engineered human neural stem cell regimen markedly prolonged survival in a rat model that emulates somatomotor and autonomic dysfunctions of human cervical ISCG. F3.CD-TK may provide a novel approach to treating clinical ISCG.

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Tumor Growth Rate Determines the Timing of Optimal Chronomodulated Treatment Schedules

PLoS Computational Biology ◽

10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000712 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. e1000712 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Samuel Bernard ◽

Branka Čajavec Bernard ◽

Francis Lévi ◽

Hanspeter Herzel

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Tumor Growth Rate

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Pretreatment Tumor Growth Rate Is a Temporal Biomarker That Predicts Treatment Failure and Improves Risk Stratification for Oropharyngeal Cancer

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics ◽

10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.417 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. S173-S174

Author(s):

C.T. Murphy ◽

K. Devarajan ◽

L. Wang ◽

R. Mehra ◽

J.A. Ridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Treatment Failure ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Tumor Growth Rate

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Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid to Modulate Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth In Vitro

Journal of Functional Biomaterials ◽

10.3390/jfb11040072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Jordan Ringer ◽

Bryan Morrison ◽

Karl Kingsley

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Tumor Growth ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Oral Tumor

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA) is capable of mediating oral tumor growth. Some clinical evidence has suggested reduced HA expression predicts poor cancer prognosis and that HA-chemotherapy conjugates may function synergistically to inhibit oral tumor growth. Other studies have found conflicting results that suggest enhanced CD44-HA-mediated growth and proliferation. Due to the lack of clarity regarding HA function, the primary goal of this study was to investigate the effects of HA using well-characterized oral cancer cell lines. Methods: Using several commercially available oral squamous cell carcinoma lines (and a normal non-cancerous control), 96-well growth and viability assays were conducted using HA (alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic agents paclitaxel and PD98059). Results: Different results were observed in each of the cell lines evaluated. HA induced small, non-significant changes in cellular viability among each of the cell lines within a narrow range (1–8%), p = 0.207. However, HA induced differing effects on growth, with minimal, non-significant changes among some cell lines, such as SCC4 (+1.7%), CCL-30 (−2.8%), and SCC15 (−2.5%), p = 0.211 and more robust inhibition among other cell lines, SCC9 (−24.4%), SCC25 (−36.6%), and CAL27 (−47.8%), p = 0.0001. Differing effects were also observed with growth and viability under concomitant administration of HA with PD98059 or paclitaxel. Further analysis of these data revealed strong inverse (Pearson’s) correlations between initial baseline growth rate and responsiveness to HA administration, ranging from R = −0.27 to R = −0.883. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed differing responses to HA, which may be inversely correlated with intrinsic characteristics, such as the baseline growth rate. This may suggest that the more rapidly growing cell lines are more responsive to combination therapy with hyaluronic acid; an important finding that may provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for these observations.

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