Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis During and Following Exercise: Hormonal and Non-Hormonal Factors

In the cellular secretion theory of mineral deposition, extracellular matrix vesicles are believed to play an integral role in hard tissue mineralization (1). Membrane limited matrix vesicles arise from the plasma membrane of epiphyseal chondrocytes and tooth odontoblasts by a budding process (2, 3). Nutritional and hormonal factors have been postulated to play essential roles in mineral deposition and apparently have a direct effect on matrix vesicles of calcifying cartilage as concluded by Anderson and Sajdera (4). Immature (75-85 gm) Long-Evans hooded rats were hypophysectomized by the parapharyngeal approach and maintained fourteen (14) days post-surgery. At this time, the animals were anesthetized and perfusion fixed in cacodylate buffered 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The proximal tibias were quickly dissected out and split sagittally. One half was used for light microscopy (LM) and the other for electron microscopy (EM). The halves used for EM were cut into blocks approximately 1×3 mm. The tissue blocks were prepared for ultra-thin sectioning and transmission EM. The tissue was oriented so as to section through the epiphyseal growth plate from the zone of proliferating cartilage on down through the hypertrophic zone and into the initial trabecular bone. Sections were studied stained (double heavy metal) and unstained.

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Relation between intravascular electrolyte level and course of parturition in dairy cows

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere / Nutztiere ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1623185 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (05) ◽

pp. 289-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Seyrek-Intas ◽

K. Failing ◽

G. Yilmazbas Mecitoglu ◽

H. Bostedt ◽

D. Seyrek-Intas

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Inorganic Phosphate ◽

Post Partum ◽

Total Calcium ◽

Normal Delivery ◽

P Values ◽

Normal Birth ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Electrolyte Homeostasis ◽

Convalescence Phase

Summary Objective: To determine the intravascular electrolyte status in dairy cows with respect to age and different courses of parturition to clarify etiological factors influencing peri- or intrapartal imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis. Material and methods: A total of 64 cows at birth were evaluated (primiparous n = 34, pluriparous n = 30). Thirty-three cows showed normal delivery, while 31 cows had a complicated birth. Blood samples were collected intra partum (i. p.) and 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 h post partum (p. p.) as well as [2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 days p. p. and levels of total calcium (Catotal), ionized calcium (Caion), inorganic phosphate (Pa), Mg, Na, K, Cl were determined. Results: The results revealed that electrolytes show great fluctuation during and immediately p. p. in relation to age. Already during parturition pluriparous cows had a lower Catotal and Pa concentration compared to primiparous animals. Cows with dystocia exhibited a more intensive and longer lasting decrease of Ca compared to cows with normal birth. In relation to age and severity of birth Pa concentration showed a differing but basically typical course for this electrolyte. Mg, Na, K and Cl concentrations were higher during and immediately after birth compared to p. p. values. Until day 10 p. p. these electrolyte concentrations declined more in older cows with dystocia compared to younger animals. However, the influence of dystocia on concentration of these electrolytes was milder in contrast to Ca and Pa. Conclusions: In summary, primarily older cows are predisposed to imbalances of electrolyte homeostasis intra partum and at the beginning of the lactation. These changes are potentiated in case of complications during parturition. Intravascular Catotal, Caion as well as Pa are most severely affected. Clinical relevance: These results may constitute the basis for a comprehensive metaphylaxis during the peripartal period, especially in cows after dystocia, to positively influence the early convalescence phase.

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HORMONAL FACTORS IN TUMOURIGENESIS AND TUMOUR GROWTH

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxivs187 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 34 (2_Suppla) ◽

pp. S187-S188

Author(s):

O. Mühlbock

Keyword(s):

Tumour Growth ◽

Hormonal Factors

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Hormonal factors and type 2 diabetes risk in women: a 22 year follow-up study on more than 83 000 women from the E3N cohort study

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.63.oc11.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sopio Tatulashvili ◽

Gaelle Gusto ◽

Beverley Balkau ◽

Emmanuel Cosson ◽

Fabrice Bonnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Hormonal Factors ◽

Follow Up Study

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Local hormonal factors (intracrine, autocrine, and paracrine) in hypertension.

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/01.hyp.18.3_suppl.i58 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 18 (3_Suppl) ◽

pp. I58-I58 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

O. A. Carretero ◽

A. G. Scicli

Keyword(s):

Hormonal Factors

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Hormonal Factors in the Proliferation of Glial Cells in Culture1

Influence of Hormones on the Nervous System ◽

10.1159/000392210 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 42-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Antonia Vernadakis

Keyword(s):

Glial Cells ◽

Hormonal Factors

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Association between Oral Contraceptives and cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and metanalysis

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

I Giacchetta ◽

M Chiavarini ◽

G Naldini ◽

R Fabiani

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Oral Contraceptives ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Hormonal Factors ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background The probability of developing invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is higher in women than in men up until the age of 49. Several studies investigated the association between hormonal factors and CMM. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the evidence on the association between Oral Contraceptives (OC) and the risk of CMM. Methods This review and meta-analysis follow the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline and Web of Science until December 2019. Studies were eligible if reported a risk estimate for the association between OC and CMM. Heterogeneity testing was performed using Cochran's Q and I2 statistics. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test and Begg's test. Meta-analysis was performed using random effect model. Results The results of the pooled analysis of all 32 studies showed no significant association between OC and the risk of CMM (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.94-1.11; I2=39.32%, p = 0.013). The stratified analyses by study design found no significant association between OC and the risk of CMM neither in the 18 case-control studies (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.87-1.21; I2=56.91%, p = 0.002) nor in the 14 cohort studies (OR 1.04; 95% CI 0.98-1.11; I2=0.00%, p = 0.557). No significant publication bias could be detected by Egger's test or Begg's test. Conclusions This meta-analysis of available literature suggests no significant association between OC and the risk of developing CMM. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the possible relationship of OC use and other hormonal factors potentially contributing to the increased risk of CMM in women during their reproductive years. Key messages Oral contraceptives (OC) do not significantly contribute to the risk of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma (CMM). Further studies are needed to investigate the potential role of other hormonal factors in the increased probability of developing CMM in women during their reproductive years.

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