A Multimodal Diagnostic, Interventional, and Surgical Procedure Suite: The MRI/X-Ray/Operation Suite (MRXO)

2013 ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Matsumae ◽  
Jun Koizumi ◽  
Atsushi Tsugu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
X Ray

Serum Alpha Fetal Protein in a Three Year Old Child with Hepatoma

1976 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Shoenfeld ◽  
Albert I. Pick ◽  
Sarah Schreibman ◽  
Helena Kessler ◽  
Moshe Dintzman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
X Ray

A 3 year old child with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and high AFP concentrations is described. Following hemihepatectomy, a sharp decrease and return to normal of serum AFP concentrations indicated the completeness of the surgical procedure. Repeat-normal serum AFP concentrations (less than 19 ng/ml), found during a three year follow-up, correlated well with the absence of clinical, laboratory and x-ray evidence of tumor recurrence. The differential diagnosis of abnormal AFP concentrations in childhood is discussed, and the importance of the AFP assay in the follow-up of post-hemihepatectomy patients for the assessment of the completeness of the surgical procedure, the prognosis, and the early detection of tumor recurrence is stressed.

Medical errors, malpractice, and defensive medicine: an ill-fated triad

Diagnosis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Defensive Medicine ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract For the first 180 years following the founding of the US, physicians occasionally were sued for medical malpractice. Allegations of negligence were errors of commission – i.e. the physician made a mistake by doing something wrong, usually mistreatment of a fracture or dislocation, a complication or death following a surgical procedure, prescribing the wrong medication, and after the discovery of the X-ray by Roentgen in 1895, causing radiation burns. In the mid twentieth century malpractice allegations slowly changed from errors of commission to errors of omission – i.e. the physician failed to do something right: almost always, failed to make a diagnosis. The number of malpractice lawsuits increased at a geometric rate beginning in the 1960s, and in the 1970s physicians began practicing defensive medicine, which lead physicians to order unnecessary radiology exams and tests. In the past 20 years the number of malpractice lawsuits has been decreasing, but the practice of defensive medicine has continued. Unnecessary exams and tests increase the likelihood of overdiagnosis and overtreatment, i.e. a new kind of error of commission.

Gastric Mucosal Diaphragm in a Child

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-919
Author(s):  
George M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mucosal Membrane ◽  
Membranous Septum

The fifth pediatric case of an antral mucosal diaphragm of the stomach is reported. This lesion is to be distinguished from a pyloric mucosal membrane. Usually, there are signs and symptoms of epigastric pain relieved by emesis and/or belching. Antacids and ulcer diets are ineffective. X-ray findings are distinctive and should allow the pediatrician to make a preoperative diagnosis of this unusual anomaly. This should help the surgeon in his search for the membranous septum in the stomach and in his decision regarding the proper surgical procedure.

scholarly journals Result of Endoscopically Assisted Gastropexy in Dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Arican ◽  
Kurtuluş Parlak ◽  
Mehmet Ege Ince ◽  
Hasan Güzelbekteş
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Abnormal Finding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the use of endoscopy jointly with gastropexy in dogs as a potential mean to aid prevention and evaluation of the long-term efficiency of this procedure for gastric dilatation-volvulus. The study was performed on ten healthy adult medium- and large-breed dogs. The dogs had no abnormal finding upon physical examination and each underwent an endoscopically assisted gastropexy procedure. After surgery all dogs were in good condition. The surgical procedure was followed by x-ray and ultrasonographic examinations. The records included data for gastropexy anatomic location and length, duration of the surgical procedure and complications. The mean ± SD gastropexy length was 3.0 ± 0.25 cm, as determined by ultrasonography, and the mean duration of the surgical procedure was 20 ± 5 minutes. It appears that endoscopically assisted gastropexy is a simple, fast, safe, and reliable method of performing a prophylactic gastropexy in dogs. This procedure maximizes the benefits of decreased morbidity and shorter duration of anaesthesia associated with minimally invasive surgery.

Greater Trochanteric Transfer in Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
R. Guarniero ◽  
W.P. Bunnell ◽  
G.D. Macewen
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lever Arm ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Hip Abductor

Fifteen patients who were treated at the Alfred I. DuPont Institute with greater trochanter overgrowth were reviewed to investigate the results of a surgical procedure for greater trochanteric transfer. The aim of the paper is to present the clinical findings, X-Ray evaluation, pre and post-operative measurements based on pain, limp, Trendelemburg sign, hip abduction power and hip joint motion. The surgical procedure itself is relatively easy to perform and does not often result in complications. The greater trochanteric transfer is indicated for older children (about ten years of age) and can offer good results in patients who require elongation of the lever arm in hip abductor muscles.

scholarly journals Magnetorheological Fluids Actuated Haptic-Based Teleoperated Catheter Operating System

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanchun Yin ◽  
Shuxiang Guo ◽  
Yu Song
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluids ◽  
Slave System ◽  
Catheter Intervention ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System Mode ◽  
Haptic Sensation ◽  
Master Slave System

During conventional catheter endovascular procedures, surgeons needs to adjust the catheter intervention moving direction and velocity according to the direct sensation. Moreover, in the conventional method, both the surgeon and the patient are inevitable exposed to a large amount of, and for a long period of time, X-ray radiation during the surgical procedure. The purpose of this paper is to ensure surgical safety and to protect the surgeon from X-ray radiation during the surgical procedure by adopting a novel haptic-based robot-assisted master-slave system mode. In this paper, a kind of magnetorheological fluids (MR fluids)-based haptic interface has been developed to generate a kind of controllable haptic sensation providing to the catheter operator, and the catheter intervention kinematics parameters measured the motion capture part to control the salve robotic catheter operating system following the master side kinematics. The slave catheter operating the mechanical system has also been designed and manufactured to manipulate the clinical catheter by mimicking the surgeon operating the catheter intervention surgical procedure, which has a 2-DOF (advance, retreat, and rotate) catheter motion characteristic; in addition, the interaction force between the catheter and inner wall of vasculature can be measured by its force sensing unit and the feedback to the master system. The catheter intervention synchronous evaluation experiments between the master and slave system are tested. Also, the advantages of integrating the controllable haptic sensation to the master-slave system experimental evaluations have been done in vitro. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed haptic-based robot-assisted master-slave system mode can reduce the surgical time and protect the surgeon from X-ray radiation.

scholarly journals FRACTURE SHAFT OF FEMUR;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1153-1156
Author(s):  
Habibullah Memon ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa Kaim Khani ◽  
Naveed Ahmed Solangi ◽  
Muhammad Bakhsh Chachar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Intramedullary Nails ◽  
Closed Fracture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Very High

Introduction: In school going children surgical treatment is favoured with the introduction of elastic intramedullary nails. The aim of this study was to determine the management outcome of fracture shaft of femur in children between 7-14 years of age by intra medullary rush nail. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at department of orthopedic surgery, Dow University of health science and civil hospital Karachi. Duration of study was 12 months from 01-09-2011 to 31-8-2012. Children with closed fracture shaft of femur age 7-14 years of either sex meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Children were diagnosed clinically and confirmed on X ray, open reduction and internal fixation with appropriate size rush nail was done by senior orthopedic surgeon. Thereafter patients were followed every month and the final outcome was measured at the end of third month post operatively. Results: male were 58% while female were 42%, the average age of the patients were 11.78±1.40 years. Management outcome of fracture shaft of femur in children by intra medullary rush nail showed that 100% children fracture were healed. Conclusions: We found a very high success rate in the management of closed fracture shaft femur with intramedullary rush nail. This surgical procedure is simple, technically less demanding, and suitable in peripheral rural hospital in developing countries.

Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Electron Bombardment ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Superthermal Electrons ◽  
Flare Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Chromospheric Evaporation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

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