Brain Oxygenation | ScienceGate

Safe management of anaesthesia in children has been one of the top areas of research over the last decade. After the large volume of articles which focused on the putative neurotoxic effect of anaesthetic agents on the developing brain, the attention and research efforts shifted toward prevention and treatment of critical events and the importance of peri-anaesthetic haemodynamic stability to prevent negative neurological outcomes. Safetots.org is an international initiative aiming at raising the attention on the relevance of a high-quality anaesthesia in children undergoing surgical and non-surgical procedures to guarantee a favourable outcome. Children might experience hemodynamic instability for many reasons, and how the range of normality within brain autoregulation is maintained is still unknown. Neuro-monitoring can guide anaesthesia providers in delivering optimal anaesthetic drugs dosages and also correcting underling conditions that can negatively affect the neurological outcome. In particular, it is referred to EEG-based monitoring and monitoring for brain oxygenation.

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Sodium Nitroprusside Compared with Isoflurane-Induced Hypotension: The Effects on Brain Oxygenation and Arteriovenous Shunting

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1097/00000539-200107000-00033 ◽

2001 ◽

pp. 166-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

William E. Hoffman ◽

Guy Edelman ◽

Rick Ripper ◽

Heidi M. Koenig

Keyword(s):

Sodium Nitroprusside ◽

Brain Oxygenation ◽

Arteriovenous Shunting ◽

Induced Hypotension

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Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

10.2310/psych.2403 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ryan Martin ◽

Lara Zimmermann ◽

Kee D. Kim ◽

Marike Zwienenberg ◽

Kiarash Shahlaie

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Intracranial Pressure ◽

Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Neurocritical Care ◽

Secondary Brain Injury ◽

Brain Oxygenation ◽

Barbiturate Coma ◽

Blast Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Patients with severe traumatic brain injury are best treated with a multidisciplinary, evidence-based, protocol-directed approach, which has been shown to decrease mortality and improve functional outcomes. Therapy is directed at the prevention of secondary brain injury through optimizing cerebral blood flow and the delivery of metabolic fuel (ie, oxygen and glucose). This is accomplished through the measurement and treatment of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), the strict avoidance of hypotension and hypoxemia, and in some instances, surgical management. The treatment of elevated ICP is approached in a protocolized, tiered manner, with escalation of care occurring in the setting of refractory intracranial hypertension, culminating in either decompressive surgery or barbiturate coma. With such an approach, the rates of mortality secondary to traumatic brain injury are declining despite an increasing incidence of traumatic brain injury. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables and 69 reference Key Words: blast traumatic brain injury, brain oxygenation, cerebral perfusion pressure, decompressive craniectomy, hyperosmolar therapy, intracranial pressure, neurocritical care, penetrating traumatic brain injury, severe traumatic brain injury

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A DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE MANAGEMENT IN ARCHERY TO MEMORIZING AL-QUR'AN TO STUDENT OF TAHFIDZ QUR'AN AT SMP AD-DHUHA JEMBER

International Journal of Islamic Medicine ◽

10.37275/ijim.v2i1.15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Akhmad Efrizal Amrullah ◽

Ridlo Hafidz Faqih ◽

Miftakhur Rohman ◽

Candra Aditya Hermansyah

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Design Method ◽

Memory Capacity ◽

Rank Test ◽

P Value ◽

Deep Breathing ◽

Brain Oxygenation ◽

Breathing Exercises ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Brain

Memorizing Al-Qur'an is an effort to maintain the purity of the Al-Qur'an. The Qur'an tahfidz program is one of the activities intended to prevent the Qur'an from changing and falsifying either partially or completely. As the name implies, this program is applied to tahfidz Qur'an student to memorize Al-Qur'an under the guidance of their teacher. Memorization ability is determined by memory capacity which indicates brain health, one of which is influenced by the supply of oxygen to the brain. One way to maintain brain oxygenation is the management of deep breathing exercises combined with archery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of deep breathing exercises management in archery to achievement of memorizing the Qur'an. This research was held at SMP Ad-Dhuha Jember with a quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design method and was conducted in April-June 2019. The type of sample used was a total sampling of 34 respondents. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the achievement of memorizing Al-Qur'an among students of the tahfidz Qur'an after managing deep breathing exercises with archery. Data analysis with alpha (α) <0.05 indicates a p value of 0.000 so that Ho is rejected. Thus there is an effect of deep breathing exercises management in archery on the achievement of memorizing the Al-Qur'an. A strong memory is needed to keep memorizing Al-Qur'an. To help increase the memory capacity of the brain, it requires an adequate supply of oxygen. Deep breathing exercises management combined with archery can be a way to maintain brain oxygenation. This exercise focuses on fullfiling oxygen needs, which in the process of memorizing the brain's memory functions are widely used.

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Blood Pco2 and brain oxygenation at reduced ambient pressure

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1962.17.6.899 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 899-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. C. Pierce ◽

C. J. Lambertsen ◽

M. J. Strong ◽

S. C. Alexander ◽

D. Steele

Keyword(s):

Ambient Pressure ◽

Minute Volume ◽

Pure Oxygen ◽

Chemical Stimulus ◽

Arterial Oxygenation ◽

Brain Oxygenation ◽

Respiratory Effect ◽

Cerebral Vasoconstriction ◽

Respiratory Stimulation ◽

Arterial Chemoreceptor

Hyperventilation during breathing of 100% oxygen elevates the Po2 of alveolar gas by the same amount that it lowers its Pco2. Since the development of arterial hypocapnia causes cerebral vasoconstriction, brain oxygenation is drastically decreased even while arterial oxygenation is improved by hyperventilation. Administration of 30% CO2 with oxygen at an ambient pressure equivalent to that at 39,000-ft altitude prevented alkalemia and, in spite of hyperventilation, restored cerebral venous oxygenation to a level at least equivalent to that found when pure oxygen was breathed at rest at the same altitude. The respiratory minute volume during administration of CO2 with O2 was greater than when O2 alone was breathed at reduced ambient pressure. Since neither arterial Po2 nor cerebral venous Pco2 values differed in these two experimental situations, the respiratory stimulation may represent the quantitative demonstration in man of a respiratory effect of CO2 mediated by arterial chemoreceptor activation and unrelated to change in the level of central chemical stimulus. Submitted on March 16, 1962

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