Human perception and appreciation of birds: A motivation for wildlife conservation in urban environments of France

2001 ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipe Clergeau ◽  
Gwanaelle Mennechez ◽  
Andre Sauvage ◽  
Agnes Lemoine
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Environments

scholarly journals A framework for automatically visualizing and recommending efficient routes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stefan Fuest ◽  
Monika Sester
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Altruistic Behavior ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Route Choice Behavior ◽  
Actual Shape ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Due to an increasing traffic density in urban environments, the traffic management as well as the society needs to face various problems including congestion, air pollution or a higher probability of accidents. Therefore, it is getting more important to make road users aware of efficient route alternatives to obtain a better distribution of the traffic flow. Since the time for making route decisions is usually limited, the visualization of the information, which should be conveyed, needs to be prepared in a very clear and easily understandable format. In this approach, we propose a framework for automatically visualizing route efficiency based on various environmentally relevant scenarios. Our methods used to create the map visualizations are based on human perception of space, in order to communicate routes and traffic-related situations more intuitively. That is, humans are assumed to mentally abstract the geographic space using various types of distortions rather than perceiving the environment in its actual shape. Based on these concepts, we argue that a perception-based representation of the route, as well as the visual communication of temporary disturbances may not only simplify the navigation process, but also supports an awareness for the current traffic dynamics, which thus may influence route choice behavior towards a more altruistic behavior. In this paper, we further present two algorithmic approaches for automatically abstracting the geometry of a route in more detail, using cartographic generalization techniques - to present the road network in a way, how it might be perceived based on a certain traffic situation.</p>

Perception Based Method for Measuring the Aesthetic Quality of the Urban Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia ◽  
Resmiye Alpar Atun ◽  
Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Values

This study assesses changing aesthetic values and their characteristics in urban environments based on human perception. With this in mind, a model for assessing the aesthetic values of the urban environment based on the three steps of human cognition has been developed to elaborate the user's perception in different urban environments. The results of the survey confirm that by changing urban morphology the aesthetic perception of the environment also changes. The finding of this research opens up a new window for urban planners to assess the aesthetic effects of the elements of urban spatial configuration for future urban development.

scholarly journals PLURALITY AND DIVERSITY IN ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN RESEARCH

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
Process Assessment ◽  
Urban Research ◽  
Emerging Issues

Demonstrating the essence of the journal as a truly international platform that covers issues of interest and concern to the global academic and professional community, this issue of Archnet-IJAR, volume 11, issue # 2, July 2017 includes various topics that manifest plurality and diversity as inherent qualities of architectural and urban research published in the journal.  Topics include architectural education and design studio teaching, urban and rural slums, heritage and historic environments in various contexts, participatory planning and the charrette process, assessment of public spaces and plazas, and human perception of the built environment. These topics are debated and analytically discussed within cities, settlements, and urban environments in Bahrain, Bangladesh, California-USA, Libya, Scotland, and Spain. The issue also includes three papers selected from the Fifth Architectural Jordanian International Conference – 1-3 November 2016, which uniquely speak to the context of Jordan and the wider Middle East. The edition ends with a book review that highlights emerging issues related to border landscapes and social ecologies.

scholarly journals Prey abundance and urbanization influence the establishment of avian predators in a metropolitan landscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1890) ◽  
pp. 20182120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. McCabe ◽  
He Yin ◽  
Jennyffer Cruz ◽  
Volker Radeloff ◽  
Anna Pidgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover

Urbanization causes the simplification of natural habitats, resulting in animal communities dominated by exotic species with few top predators. In recent years, however, many predators such as hawks, and in the US coyotes and cougars, have become increasingly common in urban environments. Hawks in the Accipiter genus, especially, are recovering from widespread population declines and are increasingly common in urbanizing landscapes. Our goal was to identify factors that determine the occupancy, colonization and persistence of Accipiter hawks in a major metropolitan area. Through a novel combination of citizen science and advanced remote sensing, we quantified how urban features facilitate the dynamics and long-term establishment of Accipiter hawks. Based on data from Project FeederWatch, we quantified 21 years (1996–2016) of changes in the spatio-temporal dynamics of Accipiter hawks in Chicago, IL, USA. Using a multi-season occupancy model, we estimated Cooper's ( Accipiter cooperii ) and sharp-shinned ( A. striatus ) hawk occupancy dynamics as a function of tree canopy cover, impervious surface cover and prey availability. In the late 1990s, hawks occupied 26% of sites around Chicago, but after two decades, their occupancy fluctuated close to 67% of sites and they colonized increasingly urbanized areas. Once established, hawks persisted in areas with high levels of impervious surfaces as long as those areas supported high abundances of prey birds. Urban areas represent increasingly habitable environments for recovering predators, and understanding the precise urban features that drive colonization and persistence is important for wildlife conservation in an urbanizing world.

scholarly journals High Resolution Viewscape Modeling Evaluated Through Immersive Virtual Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Payam Tabrizian ◽  
Anna Petrasova ◽  
Perver Baran ◽  
Jelena Vukomanovic ◽  
Helena Mitasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Landscape Complexity ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environments ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Visual Characteristics

Visual characteristics of urban environments influence human perception and behavior, including choices for living, recreation and modes of transportation. Although geospatial visualizations hold great potential to better inform urban planning and design, computational methods are lacking to realistically measure and model urban and parkland viewscapes at sufficiently fine-scale resolution. In this study, we develop and evaluate an integrative approach to measuring and modeling fine-scale viewscape characteristics of a mixed-use urban environment, a city park. Our viewscape approach improves the integration of geospatial and perception elicitation techniques by combining high-resolution lidar-based digital surface models, visual obstruction, and photorealistic immersive virtual environments (IVEs). We assessed the realism of our viewscape models by comparing metrics of viewscape composition and configuration to human subject evaluations of IVEs across multiple landscape settings. We found strongly significant correlations between viewscape metrics and participants’ perceptions of viewscape openness and naturalness, and moderately strong correlations with landscape complexity. These results suggest that lidar-enhanced viewscape models can adequately represent visual characteristics of fine-scale urban environments. Findings also indicate the existence of relationships between human perception and landscape pattern. Our approach allows urban planners and designers to model and virtually evaluate high-resolution viewscapes of urban parks and natural landscapes with fine-scale details never before demonstrated.

Integrating ‘weighted views’ to quantitative 3D visibility analysis as a predictive tool for perception of space

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafna Fisher-Gewirtzman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Visibility Analysis ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
The Impact

The ability to predict the human perception of space in dense urban environments would have a vast impact on planning and design processes. Many analytical models, methods and tools have been developed to describe and predict human perception and behaviour in the urban environment, and academic papers have addressed the issue of the view in urban environments as a significant variant influencing perception and quality of life. In the present paper, we introduce the integration of weighted views (the relative impact of a view on a viewer) in a 3D Line of Sight visibility analysis as a predictive tool for perceptions of space focusing on ‘perceived density’. The integration of subjective qualitative information with objective measurements of the volume of visible space may bring evaluations closer to human perceptions of space. The research background consists of state-of-the-art visibility analysis and research concerned with the impact of the view on perceptions of space. An experiment in a visualization laboratory explored the relative impact of various views on the ‘perceived density’ and ‘visual privacy’ of 100 participants. The relative weight of each view presented to the subjects was based on the statistical results of the experiment. The weights were integrated into the 3D Line of Sight visibility analysis and the model is applied in a case study. The integrated 3D Line of Sight visibility analysis currently runs with off-the-shelf software available to all practicing architects and planners. It is expected that in the near future, the tool developed in this work will become an important aid to all practitioners, the method becoming a valuable evaluation tool in planning and design processes. Considering design alternatives, it may become a stepping stone for design principles and regulations.

Enjoying Our Backyard Buddies – Social Research Informing the Practice of Mainstream Community Education for the Conservation of Urban Wildlife

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Davies ◽  
Lynn Webber
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Environmental Educators

AbstractSupporting urban communities to make changes that contribute to sustainable living is a challenge that many environment and conservation organisations embrace. However, many community education and involvement initiatives to date have tended to appeal mostly to those with knowledge and enthusiasm for protection and conservation of the environment, leaving the majority of the community relatively unengaged. In a NSW Environmental Trust supported initiative seeking to enhance the protection and conservation of wildlife in urban environments, a major social research project was undertaken to investigate community understandings of wildlife conservation, for application to urban community education programs. The research incorporated both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to gain insights that practitioners can use to develop, monitor and evaluate urban environment and conservation initiatives that engage and involve the WIder community. This paper presents some key findings of the research and provides case examples of environmental education initiatives bringing this research into practice. The research indicates that community understandings of conservation are broad ranging. The research reveals that prominent conservation language and concepts, well understood by keen and knowledgable environmental educators, have little relevance to mainstream audiences. Other findings identify how conservation can have high relevance and meaning for the broader community as an integral part of their everyday life.

scholarly journals Trophy hunting, size, rarity and willingness to pay: inter–specific analyses of trophy prices require reliable specific data

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
M. Sarasa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Animal Conservation ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
The Relationship

Awareness of the importance of the wildlife trade and human perception in animal conservation is growing. Recent studies carried out on a continental and world scale have analysed the associations between trophy score, rarity and prices. As a large range of ungulates are legally hunted throughout the world and numerous ungulate taxa are threatened, the relationship between rarity and trophy prices has been studied in several species. This article briefly reviews verifiable data on species and trophy prices and compares findings with data used in recent articles. The findings show that several elements of intra–specific data were inadequately addressed and that the trophy prices considered were not necessarily representative of real trophy prices. Furthermore, the body mass used for numerous taxa did not fit current knowledge of species, and several subspecies and rarity indexes that were considered disagreed with recognized subspecies or with the real conservation status of taxa. Thus, caution should be taken when considering some reported results. To improve our understanding of the associations between wildlife trade and wildlife conservation, further studies should take into account reliable specific data, such as that from government agencies, rather than publicity data.

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