Birdsfoot Trefoil: A Model for Studying the Synthesis of Condensed Tannins

1999 ◽  
pp. 343-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Paolocci ◽  
Raffaella Capucci ◽  
Sergio Arcioni ◽  
Francesco Damiani
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil

Effect of condensed tannins from Birdsfoot trefoil and dietary protein level on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of ram lambs

2018 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Seoni ◽  
Gianni Battacone ◽  
Paolo Silacci ◽  
Silvia Ampuero Kragten ◽  
Jessika Messadene Chelali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Ram Lambs

Inheritance of condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry R. Miller ◽  
Nancy J. Ehlke
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Quantitative Genetic ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Neither the inheritance of condensed tannins (CT) in tannin-positive birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), nor the quantitative genetic analysis of CT concentration in a forage legume have been previously reported. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of CT concentration in tannin-positive birdsfoot trefoil. High-, medium-, and low-tannin parents were selected from NC-83 birdsfoot trefoil germplasm and intercrossed in two independent six-parent diallel sets to generate progenies for quantitative genetic analyses. Maturity, herbage yield, leaf fraction (LF) and CT concentration were analyzed for 1067 individual F1 plants from 30 progenies in both diallel sets. Mean CT concentrations of the 30 progenies ranged from 6.1 to 93.4 g catechin equivalent (CE) kg−1 DM. General combining ability (GCA):specific combining ability (SCA) ratios of 0.93 and 1.0 were observed for CT concentration in both diallel sets, at or near the theoretical maximum of unity, indicating a predominance of additive genetic effects for CT concentration. Specific combining ability effects were detected in one diallel set where 3 of 15 progenies exhibited significant SCA effects. The evidence from this study indicated that CT concentration in birdsfoot trefoil was controlled primarily by additive genetic effects. Key words: Birdsfoot trefoil, condensed tannins, forage legume, inheritance, Lotus corniculatus, quantitative genetics

Effect of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil on endoglucanase activity and the digestion of cellulose filter paper by ruminal fungi

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
H. D. Bae ◽  
L. J. Yanke ◽  
K.-J. Cheng ◽  
A. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Endoglucanase Activity ◽  
Neocallimastix Frontalis ◽  
Filamentous Material ◽  
Cellulose Filter

The ruminal fungi Neocallimastix frontalis RE1, Neocallimastix patriciarum 27, Piromyces communis 22, and Orpinomyces joyonii 19-2 were examined for their ability to digest filter paper in the presence of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). For all four fungi, inhibition of endoglucanases was evident at 100 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1 with nearly complete inhibition at 300 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1. At 100 and 200 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1, the endoglucanase activity of N. frontalis RE1 was greater (P < 0.01) than that of the other three fungal species. Exposure to 100 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1 did not affect the ability of N. frontalis RE1 or N. patriciarum 27 to digest filter paper, and although digestion was reduced, N. frontalis RE1 and P. communis 22 solubilized more than 20% of the filter paper at 500 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1. In contrast, O. joyonii 19-2 was virtually unable to digest filter paper at 300 μg condensed tannins∙mL−1. Mycelia of fungi grown with condensed tannins were covered by filamentous material, which may have arisen from the formation of condensed tannin–protein complexes. Less than 86% of the condensed tannins (as measured by the H2SO4 method) were recovered after 120 h of incubation with N. frontalis RE1, P. communis 22, and N. patriciarum 27. The need for detailed studies to examine the ability of ruminal fungi to metabolize condensed tannins is evident.Key words: ruminal fungi, condensed tannins, cellulose digestion, ruminant.

scholarly journals Forages with condensed tannins - their management and nutritive value for ruminants

1998 ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Waghorn ◽  
G.B. Douglas ◽  
J.H. Niezen ◽  
W.C. Mcnabb ◽  
A.G. Foote
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Successful Establishment

Temperate forage legumes that contain condensed tannins (CT) have been evaluated under experimental conditions and some have demonstrated significant benefits for sheep, cattle and deer. Condensed tannins can significantly improve productive performance, as well as lessen our dependence on anthelmintic drenches. However, not all CT are equal and some may not benefit production at all. This paper summarises the performance responses of ruminants to CT in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), lotus (Lotus pedunculatus), sulla (Hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and erect dorycnium (Dorycnium rectum), and indicates the requirements for successful establishment and management of these swards. All require specialist care, and few will compete with common pasture species in high-fertility situations, but the potential benefits of reduced anthelmintic requirements when sheep are fed sulla, and the lowered incidence of flystrike and improved weight gain, wool growth, milk production and ovulation rate attributable to the CT in birdsfoot trefoil, makes these attractive options for farmers. Lotus is a high quality feed for wet, acid, low-fertility soils and sainfoin may result in very good stock performance in dry regions. Annual dry matter yields of the five species outlined here range from about 10 to 25 t/ha and some of these forages will benefit producers who are prepared to manage these forages correctly. Keywords: birdsfoot trefoil, condensed tannin, dorycnium, forage legume, lotus, ruminant nutrition, sainfoin, sulla

scholarly journals Modification of the proportion of extractable and bound condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viicifolia) during wilting, ensiling and pelleting processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Girard ◽  
Frigga Dohme-Meier ◽  
Silvia Kragten ◽  
Anja Brinkhaus ◽  
Yves Arrigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Condensed tannins (CT) in legume forages vary not only in concentration and structure, but also in the portion of soluble and protein- and fibre-bound fractions. This study aimed to assess the changes in the total CT level as well as relative abundance of the three CT fractions from fresh to wilted, ensiled or pelleted legumes like in birds foot trefoil (two cultivars) and in sainfoin (one cultivar). Each legume underwent three consecutive harvests, of which the first two were wilted. Additionally, wilted legumes were either ensiled (first harvest) or transformed into dehydrated pellets (second harvest). For each harvest, total CT and the percentage of soluble, protein- and fibre-bound CT differed (P < 0.01) among plants. The total CT content was similar after wilting but was lower (P < 0.05) after ensiling. After wilting, ensiling and pelleting the portion of soluble CT was lower in favour of protein-bound CT portion. However, time of harvest affected (P < 0.05) total CT and the percentage of soluble and protein-bound CT. Thus, measuring the bound-fraction should not be ignored in the determination of CT content since this fraction, together with the soluble fraction, might protect protein from ruminal degradation.

Pasture species and cultivars used in New Zealand - a list

1999 ◽  
pp. 147-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F.L. Charlton ◽  
A.V. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
Brome Grass ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
Herb Species

In recent years, the number of pasture species and cultivars commercially available to farmers in New Zealand has increased significantly. Reasons for this include increased commercial activity in the development and supply of proprietary cultivars, and more specialisation in New Zealand's pastoral agriculture. In particular, pasture cultivars are increasingly marketed as proprietary products with associated technical support. This year there are 109 certified cultivars available, belonging to 23 grass, legume and herb species. As a result, farmers are now able to develop improved pasture feed supply, but they are somewhat confused about pasture species and cultivars, and this frustrates their aims to produce high quality animal products from productive pastures. Accordingly, the herbage seeds industry needs to work from a clear reference list, to avoid any confusion when supplying farmers and overseas clients with their seed requirements. Our list of pasture species, types and cultivars available within New Zealand aims to be that reference. Keywords: birdsfoot trefoil, brome grass, caucasian clover, chicory, clover, cocksfoot, cultivars, herbs, lotus, lucerne, pasture, phalaris, plantain, prairie grass, red clover, ryegrass, seeds, species, strawberry clover, sub clover, tall fescue, timothy, types, white clover, Yorkshire fog

PRIMING AS THE FACTOR OF INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY SEED PRODUCTION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Characteristic Property ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Field Germination

A characteristic property of legumes is the formation of hard-stone seeds. To use such seeds for sowing, it is necessary to carry out measures to increase their seeding indicators. The article provides an overview of methods of pre-sowing preparation of seeds, priming (Seed Priming). The harvest of Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) can contain up to 90% or more hard-stone seeds. Mechanical priming of hard-stone seeds of Birdsfoot trefoil increases their germination energy and field germination.

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