Line Intensities on X-Ray Patterns

1964 ◽  
pp. 312-398
Author(s):  
Lev Iosifovich Mirkin
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Line Intensities ◽  
Ray Patterns

Microtubule nucleation sequence studied by time-resolved x-ray scattering and electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 766-767
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Mandelkow ◽  
Eckhard Mandelkow ◽  
Joan Bordas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Microtubule Growth ◽  
Ray Patterns ◽  
Ray Scattering

When a solution of microtubule protein is changed from non-polymerising to polymerising conditions (e.g. by temperature jump or mixing with GTP) there is a series of structural transitions preceding microtubule growth. These have been detected by time-resolved X-ray scattering using synchrotron radiation, and they may be classified into pre-nucleation and nucleation events. X-ray patterns are good indicators for the average behavior of the particles in solution, but they are difficult to interpret unless additional information on their structure is available. We therefore studied the assembly process by electron microscopy under conditions approaching those of the X-ray experiment. There are two difficulties in the EM approach: One is that the particles important for assembly are usually small and not very regular and therefore tend to be overlooked. Secondly EM specimens require low concentrations which favor disassembly of the particles one wants to observe since there is a dynamic equilibrium between polymers and subunits.

HIV-TUBERCULOSIS: A STUDY OF CHEST X-RAY PATTERNS IN RELATION TO CD4 COUNT

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Abdhesh Kumar ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Kumar Sourav
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ciency Virus ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Radiological Patterns ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Ray Patterns

Background: Fight against human immunodeciency virus (HIV) is incomplete without addressing problems associated with difcult diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV-Tuberculosis coinfected patients. Chest X-ray is a primary tool to evaluate tuberculosis in HIV. Aim: To assess and compare various radiological patterns of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV patients and compare these patterns in relation to CD4 counts. Materials and Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in J.L.N.M.C.H Bhagalpur from april 2019 to january 2021 with 200 HIV positive patients. WHO guidelines were used for diagnosis of HIV and tuberculosis. Results: 27% of the patients had sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis, with higher incidence (33%) among CD4 less than 200 as compared to CD4 more than 200 (14%). Inltration (39%) followed by consolidation (30%), cavity (11%), and lymphadenopathy (9%) seen with CD4 less than 200. Inltration (37.5%) followed by cavity (25%) and miliary (25%) with CD4 above 200. Bilateral (68.5%) and mid and lower zones or all zone involvement more commonly seen. Conclusion: In patients with CD4 lower than 200 noncavitory inltration and consolidation predominated. Involvement of lungs was atypical; diffuse or mid and lower zone involvement was higher than classical upper lobe involvement. A high index of suspicion is necessary for the accurate and timely diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIVpositive patients.

Time‐resolved x‐ray line intensities for diagnostics of laser‐produced plasmas (abstract)

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 844-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Kauffman ◽  
H. Medecki ◽  
R. W. Lee ◽  
B. L. Whitten ◽  
K. G. Estabrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Line Intensities

scholarly journals X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES ON AMYLOID FILAMENTS

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. EANES ◽  
G. G. GLENNER
Keyword(s):  
Polypeptide Chain ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Filament Axis ◽  
Adjacent Chain ◽  
Diffuse Halo ◽  
Sheet Structure ◽  
Regular Manner ◽  
Ray Patterns ◽  
Pleated Sheet

The filamentous protein component of amyloid-laden tissue was studied by x-ray diffraction procedures. The principal features of the x-ray pattern from nonoriented amyloid material consist of a sharp, intense ring at 4.75 Å overlaying a diffuse halo at 4.3 Å, and a broad and less intense ring at 9.8 Å. When oriented, the material gives a "cross-β" x-ray pattern. The x-ray findings are interpreted in terms of a "pleated sheet" structure formed by the amyloid polypeptide chain folding in a regular manner on itself such that adjacent chain segments are laterally arranged in an antiparallel manner. The x-ray patterns from oriented amyloid suggest further that the axes of the chain segments run transverse to the filament axis.

Absorption Edges in the X-Ray Patterns of Native and Mercerized Cellulose

1936 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Sisson ◽  
George L. Clark ◽  
Edward A. Parker
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
Ray Patterns ◽  
Absorption Edges

Mixed-layer mica-chlorite in very low-grade metaclastites from the Malàguide Complex (Betic Cordilleras, Spain)

Clay Minerals ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Ruiz Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Betic Cordilleras ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Ray Patterns

AbstractMixed-layered phyllosilicates with composition intermediate between mica and chlorite were identified in very low-grade metaclastites from the Malàguide Complex (Betic Cordilleras, Spain), and studied by X-ray diffraction, and transmission and analytical electron microscopy. They occur both as small grains in the rock matrix, and associated with muscovitechlorite stacks. Transmission electron microscope observations revealed a transition from chlorite to ordered 1:1 interstratifications through complex 1:2 and 1:3 interstratifications. Analytical electron microscopy data indicate a composition slightly different from the sum of discrete trioctahedral chlorite and dioctahedral mica. The types of layer transitions suggest that mixed-layer formation included two main processes: (1) the replacement of a brucite sheet by a cation sheet in the chlorite structure; and (2) the precipitation of mica-like layers between the chlorite layers. The strongest diffraction lines in oriented X-ray patterns are: 12.60 Å (002), 7.98 Å (003), 4.82 Å (005) and 3.48 Å (007).

scholarly journals Interaction between molecular clouds and MeV–TeV cosmic-ray protons escaped from supernova remnants

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Makino ◽  
Yutaka Fujita ◽  
Kumiko K Nobukawa ◽  
Hironori Matsumoto ◽  
Yutaka Ohira
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Molecular Clouds ◽  
Supernova Remnants ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Iron Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Line Intensities ◽  
Neutral Gas ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract Recent discovery of the X-ray neutral iron line (Fe  i Kα at 6.40 keV) around several supernova remnants (SNRs) show that MeV cosmic-ray (CR) protons are distributed around the SNRs and are interacting with neutral gas there. We propose that these MeV CRs are the ones that have been accelerated at the SNRs together with GeV–TeV CRs. In our analytical model, the MeV CRs are still confined in the SNR when the SNR collides with molecular clouds. After the collision, the MeV CRs leak into the clouds and produce the neutral iron line emissions. On the other hand, GeV–TeV CRs had already escaped from the SNRs and emitted gamma-rays through interaction with molecular clouds surrounding the SNRs. We apply this model to the SNRs W 28 and W 44 and show that it can reproduce the observations of the iron line intensities and the gamma-ray spectra. This could be additional support of the hadronic scenario for the gamma-ray emissions from these SNRs.

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