A Comparison of the Changes in Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Metabolism Occurring with Malignant and Benign Tumors and the Impact of Nutritional Support

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is used in diagnostic imaging for disease metabolism evaluation. The H MRS is highly used because of the abundance, high sensitivity, etc. The various clinical implementation includes whole-brain MRS is used in measuring metabolites of different brain areas simultaneously. The breast MRS is used in malignant and benign tumors differentiation by the total choline compound. The prostate MRS is used to map the metabolites like citrate, choline, and creatinine. For spinal cord MRS, the myoinositol and N acetyl aspartate were 31 23 1 considered markers for various diseases. The MRS uses nuclei like P, Na, and H for metabolic and biochemical evaluation of cardiac muscles. The liver MRS spectrum has mainly methylene group of lipid, methyl groups of choline, and water. The MRS measures choline, creatinine, lactate, and lipid peaks in uterine leiomyoma and myometrium. Hence there are organ-specic metabolites used as a reference to map the metabolic process by using spectroscopy, making it one of the commonly preferred technique.

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KPNA2 expression is a potential marker for differential diagnosis between osteosarcomas and other malignant bone tumor mimickers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-29911/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lucen Jiang ◽

Jianghuan Liu ◽

Qingzhu Wei ◽

Yiyang Wang

Keyword(s):

Bone Tumor ◽

Bone Tumors ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Bone Tumor ◽

Malignant Bone Tumors ◽

Potential Marker ◽

Tumors Of Bone ◽

Bone Sarcomas ◽

Malignant And Benign Tumors

Abstract Background Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2), a member of the Karyopherin α family, has been observed in several cancers but lack substantial investigation in malignant bone tumors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate KPNA2 expression level and its utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker in osteosarcomas and their malignant bone tumor mimickers, such as chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas.Method We investigated the expression of KPNA2 protein by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded surgical specimens from 217 patients with malignant and benign tumors of bone, including 81 osteosarcomas, 42 chondrosarcomas, 9 Ewing sarcomas, 28 osteoid osteoma, 20 osteochondroma and 37 Chondroblastoma. Immunoreactivity was scored semi quantitatively based on stain extent and intensity.Results Seventy one of 81 (87.7%) osteosarcomas, zero of 42 (0%) chondrosarcomas and one of 9 (11.1%) Ewing sarcomas showed immunoreactivity for KPNA2. Negative KPNA2 expression was observed in all of benign bone tumors. Much more positive expression of KPNA2 was found in osteosarcomas as compared with chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. The sensitivity and specificity of KPNA2 immuno-expression for osteosarcoma was 87.7% and 100%, respectively. In several subtypes of osteosarcomas, immunohistochemical expression of KNA2 was more frequent in osteoblastic (94.5%), with 39 (70.9%) showing strong-intensity staining. KPNA2 positivity was observed in eleven of 13 (84.6%) chondroblastic, three of 6 (50%) fibroblastic, three of 4 (75%) telangiectatic and two of 3 (66.7%) giant cell-rich osteosarcoma. Stronger-intensity staining was observed in osteoblastic osteosarcoma.Conclusion KPNA2 is most frequently expressed in osteosarcomas, particularly in osteoblastic and chondroblastic tumors, but is rarely positive in chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. This feature may have diagnostic value since it is very useful for distinguishing between osteosarcomas and other bone sarcomas mimickers. This report supports KPNA2 as a novel marker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

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Effects of prognostic nutrition index on side effects and prognosis of radiotherapy and chemotherapy after radical gastrectomy.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e16002-e16002

Author(s):

Jiyu Liu ◽

Hongmin Dong ◽

Wenling Wang ◽

Gang Wang ◽

Huan Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Side Effects ◽

Nutritional Support ◽

Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽

Prognostic Nutritional Index ◽

Survival Prognosis ◽

The Impact ◽

Prognostic Nutrition Index ◽

Support Treatment

e16002 Background: To investigate the impact of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on the severity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy toxicity and survival prognosis in patients with gastric cancer through retrospective analysis and research in order to guide clinical nutritional support treatment for patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Through a retrospective cohort study，we analyzed the data of 191 patients with gastric cancer in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University and Guizhou Cancer Hospital from January 2008 to December 2018. According to the cut-off value, the patients were divided into high PNI group (PNI≥47.7) and low PNI group (PNI < 47.7). We Compared the incidences of severe radiotherapy and chemotherapy toxicities and overall survival in high PNI group and low PNI group. and make Analysis of prognostic factors. Results: The low PNI group was more prone to severe radiochemotherapy hematological side effects than the high PNI group, and the postoperative survival time was shorter. Multivariate analysis showed that: TNM stage (P = 0.000) and PNI (P = 0.001) were Independent risk factors in predicting overall survival rate. Conclusions: The preoperative prognostic nutrition index is a useful factor for predicting the incidence of radiotherapy and chemotherapy toxicities in patients after gastric cancer surgery.It is one of the important factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer and helps to guide the nutritional support treatment of gastric cancer patients.

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The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-020-02363-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanghee Park ◽

David D. Church ◽

Carlene Starck ◽

Scott E. Schutzler ◽

Gohar Azhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Whole Body ◽

Protein Digestion ◽

Body Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact ◽

Green Kiwifruit

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males (N = 6) and females (N = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the total amount of EAAs absorbed. As a result, there were no differences between kiwifruit in any of the measured parameters of protein kinetics. Conclusion Consumption of Hayward green kiwifruit, with a beef meal facilitates protein digestion and absorption of the constituent amino acids as compared to Hort 16A gold kiwifruit. Clinical trial NCT04356573, April 21, 2020 “retrospectively registered”.

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Catecholamine metabolism in the tissue of malignant and benign tumors of the sympathetic nervous system

Journal of Pediatric Surgery ◽

10.1016/0022-3468(71)90944-4 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 800-801

Author(s):

A. Zimmermann

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Sympathetic Nervous System ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Catecholamine Metabolism ◽

Sympathetic Nervous ◽

Malignant And Benign Tumors

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Etiology of Solitary Extrapulmonary Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Findings in Patients With Lung Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2005.10.116 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (28) ◽

pp. 6846-6853 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Didier Lardinois ◽

Walter Weder ◽

Marina Roudas ◽

Gustav K. von Schulthess ◽

Michaela Tutic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Positron Emission Tomography ◽

Ct Imaging ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Whole Body ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Pet Ct ◽

The Impact

Purpose The aim of this prospective study was to assess the incidence and the nature of solitary extrapulmonary [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulations in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) staged with integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) and to evaluate the impact on management. Patients and Methods A total of 350 patients with NSCLC underwent whole-body PET/CT imaging. All solitary extrapulmonary FDG accumulations were evaluated by histopathology, further imaging, or clinical follow-up. Results PET/CT imaging revealed extrapulmonary lesions in 110 patients. In 72 patients (21%), solitary lesions were present. A diagnosis was obtained in 69 of these patients, including 37 (54%) with solitary metastases and 32 (46%) with lesions unrelated to the lung primary. Histopathologic examinations of these 32 lesions revealed a second clinically unsuspected malignancy or a recurrence of a previous diagnosed carcinoma in six patients (19%) and a benign tumor or inflammatory lesion in 26 patients (81%). The six malignancies consisted of carcinoma of the breast in two patients, and carcinoma of the orbit, esophagus, prostate, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one patient each. Benign tumors and inflammatory lesions included eight colon adenomas, four Warthin's tumors, one granuloma of the lower jaw, one adenoma of the thyroid gland, one compensatory muscle activity due to vocal chord palsy, two occurrences of arthritis, three occurrences of reflux esophagitis, two occurrences of pancreatitis, two occurrences of diverticulitis, one hemorrhoidal inflammation, and one rib fracture. Conclusion Solitary extrapulmonary FDG accumulations in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer should be analyzed critically for correct staging and optimal therapy, given that up to half of the lesions may represent unrelated malignancies or benign disease.

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