In Vivo Tracking of Particulate Antigen Localization and Recognition by B Lymphocytes at Lymph Nodes

2018 ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Yolanda R. Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Particulate Antigen ◽  
Antigen Localization

scholarly journals Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferations in severe combined immunodeficient mice transplanted with Hodgkin's disease lymph nodes: implications of EBV-positive bystander B lymphocytes rather than EBV-infected Reed-Sternberg cells

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2435-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Meggetto ◽  
C Muller ◽  
S Henry ◽  
J Selves ◽  
B Mariame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

To establish an in vivo model for the study of Hodgkin's disease and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells, 25 lymph node tissue samples involved by Hodgkin's disease were grafted into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Ten Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated tumors were obtained in SCID mice. EBV-positive tumors growing in SCID mice were correlated with the presence of EBV-positive nonneoplastic B cells in patient tumors (90% v 26.6%; P>.01) and was independent of the EBV status of RS cells. Our results suggested that EBV-positive tumors growing in SCID mice originated from normal EBV-positive small lymphocytes (bystander B lymphocytes). We also compared the characteristics of these tumors with those obtained after transplantation of 15 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and four reactive lymph nodes. The latent period to observe a growing tumor in SCID mice was similar between the two groups (12.86 +/- 5.59 weeks for Hodgkin's disease v 13.6 +/- 5.36 weeks for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and reactive lymph nodes). The relatively high number of EBV-positive small lymphocytes detected in Hodgkin's disease and T-cell lymphoma compared with B-cell lymphoma may account for the greater percentage of EBV- positive tumors obtained in SCID mice. Our results show that SCID mice do not provide the growth conditions that are required for in vivo growth of RS cells. We noted in some SCID tumors, the presence of binucleated and/or multinucleated giant cells resembling RS cells. However, the presence of such cells was not restricted to mice grafted with lymph nodes involved by Hodgkin's disease. We postulate that in previous reports, cells resembling RS cells were just binucleated EBV- positive lymphoma blastoid cells rather than actual RS cells.

Novel function for interleukin-7 in dendritic cell development

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (17) ◽  
pp. 3961-3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias K. Vogt ◽  
Alexander Link ◽  
John Perrin ◽  
Daniela Finke ◽  
Sanjiv A. Luther
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Interleukin 7 ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dcs ◽  
Bone Marrow Chimeras

Abstract Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is crucial for the development of T and B lymphocytes from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) and for the maintenance of mature T lymphocytes. Its in vivo role for dendritic cells (DCs) has been poorly defined. Here, we investigated whether IL-7 is important for the development or maintenance of different DC types. Bone marrow–derived DCs expressed the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) and survived significantly longer in the presence of IL-7. Migratory DCs (migDCs) isolated from lymph nodes also expressed IL-7R. Surprisingly, IL-7R was not required for their maintenance but indirectly for their development. Conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) resident in lymph nodes and spleen were IL-7R−. Using mixed bone marrow chimeras, we observed an intrinsic requirement for IL-7R signals in their development. As the number of CLPs but not myeloid progenitors was reduced in the absence of IL-7 signals, we propose that a large fraction of cDCs and pDCs derives from CLPs and shares not only the lymphoid origin but also the IL-7 requirement with lymphocyte precursors.

scholarly journals Mannan-Based Nanodiagnostic Agents for Targeting Sentinel Lymph Nodes and Tumors

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Markéta Jirátová ◽  
Andrea Gálisová ◽  
Maria Rabyk ◽  
Eva Sticová ◽  
Martin Hrubý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intraoperative Imaging ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Polymer Carriers ◽  
Polymer Conjugates ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Imaging Probes

Early detection of metastasis is crucial for successful cancer treatment. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsies are used to detect possible pathways of metastasis spread. We present a unique non-invasive diagnostic alternative to biopsy along with an intraoperative imaging tool for surgery proven on an in vivo animal tumor model. Our approach is based on mannan-based copolymers synergistically targeting: (1) SLNs and macrophage-infiltrated solid tumor areas via the high-affinity DC-SIGN (dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin) receptors and (2) tumors via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The polymer conjugates were modified with the imaging probes for visualization with magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescence imaging, respectively, and with poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (POX) to lower unwanted accumulation in internal organs and to slow down the biodegradation rate. We demonstrated that these polymer conjugates were successfully accumulated in tumors, SLNs and other lymph nodes. Modification with POX resulted in lower accumulation not only in internal organs, but also in lymph nodes and tumors. Importantly, we have shown that mannan-based polymer carriers are non-toxic and, when applied to an in vivo murine cancer model, and offer promising potential as the versatile imaging agents.

scholarly journals A cloned cell line mediating natural killer cell function inhibits immunoglobulin secretion.

1982 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 658-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Nabel ◽  
W J Allard ◽  
H Cantor
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex Gene ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens

We previously described a cloned cell line that combines information for a unique display of cell surface antigens and specialized function similar to activated natural killer (NK) cells. In addition to conventional cellular targets such as the YAC-1 and MBL-2 lymphomas, this cloned line also lysed lipopolysaccharide-activated B lymphocytes. To determine whether some NK cells can inhibit B cell function, we tested the ability of NK-like clones to suppress Ig secretion in vitro and in vivo. These cloned cells suppressed Ig secretion when they constituted as few as 0.2% of the total cell population and inhibition did not require identity at the H-2 locus. We suggest that some NK cells might recognize non-major histocompatibility complex gene products on activated B lymphocytes and lyse these cells, and this might represent a fundamental cell-cell interaction that regulates antibody secretion by activated B cells.

scholarly journals A Decade of Imaging Cellular Motility and Interaction Dynamics in the Immune System

Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 336 (6089) ◽  
pp. 1676-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald N. Germain ◽  
Ellen A. Robey ◽  
Michael D. Cahalan
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Cellular Motility ◽  
Response Dynamics

To mount an immune response, lymphocytes must recirculate between the blood and lymph nodes, recognize antigens upon contact with specialized presenting cells, proliferate to expand a small number of clonally relevant lymphocytes, differentiate to antibody-producing plasma cells or effector T cells, exit from lymph nodes, migrate to tissues, and engage in host-protective activities. All of these processes involve motility and cellular interactions—events that were hidden from view until recently. Introduced to immunology by three papers in this journal in 2002, in vivo live-cell imaging studies are revealing the behavior of cells mediating adaptive and innate immunity in diverse tissue environments, providing quantitative measurement of cellular motility, interactions, and response dynamics. Here, we review themes emerging from such studies and speculate on the future of immunoimaging.

scholarly journals In vivo two-photon imaging of T cell motility in joint-draining lymph nodes in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

2012 ◽  
Vol 278 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Kobezda ◽  
Sheida Ghassemi-Nejad ◽  
Tibor T. Glant ◽  
Katalin Mikecz
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Photon Imaging ◽  
Two Photon Imaging ◽  
Draining Lymph Nodes

A CALIBRATION PHANTOM FOR DIRECT, IN VIVO MEASUREMENT OF 241Am IN THE AXILLARY LYMPH NODES

2009 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Zeman ◽  
Megan Lobaugh ◽  
Henry Spitz ◽  
Samuel Glover ◽  
David Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Calibration Phantom

scholarly journals CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY DURING REJECTION AND ENHANCEMENT OF ALLOGENEIC SKIN GRAFTS IN RATS

1972 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Hartmut Peter ◽  
Joseph D. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Background Levels

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) in spleens and lymph nodes of allografted rats was determined by release of 51Cr from labeled target cells incubated with aggressor lymphoid cells. CMC was first detected in grafted adult rats on day 5, peaked on days 7 and 8, and declined rapidly to background levels by days 9 to 11. In allografted neonates and in cyclophosphamide-treated or neonatally thymectomized adults CMC was a fraction of that observed in normal adult rats. Enhancing antibodies deferred in vivo peak activity of CMC in allografted neonates for 3–4 days, and blocked in vitro the action of aggressor lymphocytes by binding to target cells. Enhancing antibodies had no effect on the cytotoxicity of aggressor cells, but horse antibodies to rat thoracic duct cells inhibited in vitro CMC of aggressor cells.

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