Expanding and Innovating Short-Form Documents into Long-Form Documents

2019 ◽  
pp. 311-337
Author(s):  
Brad Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Long Form

Preliminary Validation of a Short-Form Version of the Attachment Style Questionnaire for Use in Clinical Rehabilitation Counseling Research and Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
John Blake ◽  
Rana Yaghmaian ◽  
Emre Umucu ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Rehabilitation Counseling ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Attachment Style Questionnaire

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a short-form version of the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) in people with disabilities. The construction sample consisted of 108 participants recruited from spinal cord injury (SCI) advocacy organizations. The cross-validation sample comprised 140 individuals with traumatic injuries recruited from a rehabilitation hospital. Measures administered were the ASQ, Trait Hope Scale, Sense of Coherence Scale, and Satisfaction With Life Scale. Results showed that the three subscales of secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment from the short-form ASQ had high correlations with the three subscales from the long-form ASQ. The reliability of the subscales for the short-form ASQ was adequate and similar to the long-form ASQ. Both the short- and long-form ASQ subscales were found to correlate with hope, sense of coherence, and subjective well-being in the expected theoretical directions. Confirmatory factor analysis also supported the three-factor measurement structure of the short-form ASQ. This study provides evidence to support the psychometric properties of the abbreviated ASQ in people with disabilities. The short-form version of the ASQ is a brief, reliable, and psychometrically sound measure of attachment that can be used in clinical rehabilitation counseling research and practice.

scholarly journals Multidimensional measure of immigrant integration

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (45) ◽  
pp. 11483-11488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Harder ◽  
Lucila Figueroa ◽  
Rachel M. Gillum ◽  
Dominik Hangartner ◽  
David D. Laitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Empirical Performance ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Levels Of Integration

The successful integration of immigrants into a host country’s society, economy, and polity has become a major issue for policymakers in recent decades. Scientific progress in the study of immigrant integration has been hampered by the lack of a common measure of integration, which would allow for the accumulation of knowledge through comparison across studies, countries, and time. To address this fundamental problem, we propose the Immigration Policy Lab (IPL) Integration Index as a pragmatic and multidimensional measure of immigrant integration. The measure, both in the 12-item short form (IPL-12) and the 24-item long form (IPL-24), captures six dimensions of integration: psychological, economic, political, social, linguistic, and navigational. The measure can be used across countries, over time, and across different immigrant groups and can be administered through short questionnaires available in different modes. We report on four surveys we conducted to evaluate the empirical performance of our measure. The tests reveal that the measure distinguishes among immigrant groups with different expected levels of integration and also correlates with well-established predictors of integration.

Identification of a novel C-terminal variant of beta II spectrin: two isoforms of beta II spectrin have distinct intracellular locations and activities

2000 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 2023-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Hayes ◽  
C. Scott ◽  
E. Heerkens ◽  
V. Ohanian ◽  
A.M. Maggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Subcellular Fractionation ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Pleckstrin Homology Domain ◽  
Intracellular Targeting ◽  
Terminal Form ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Novel Variant

It is established that variations in the structure and activities of betaI spectrin are mediated by differential mRNA splicing. The two betaI spectrin splice forms so far identified have either long or short C-terminal regions. Are analogous mechanisms likely to mediate regulation of betaII spectrins? Thus far, only a long form of betaII spectrin is reported in the literature. Five human expressed sequence tags indicated the existence of a short splice variant of betaII spectrin. The occurrence and DNA sequence of the short C-terminal variant was confirmed by analysis of human and rat cDNA. The novel variant lacks a pleckstrin homology domain, and has 28 C-terminal residues not present in the previously recognized longer form. Transcripts of the short C-terminal variant (7.5 and 7. 0 kb) were most abundant in tissues originating from muscle and nervous system. Antibodies raised to a unique sequence of short C-terminal variant recognized 240 kDa polypeptides in cardiac and skeletal muscle and in nervous tissue; in cerebellum and forebrain, additional 270 kDa polypeptides were detected. In rat heart and skeletal muscle, both long and short C-terminal forms of betaII spectrin localized in the region of the Z line. The central region of the sarcomere, coincident with the M line, was selectively labeled with antibodies to the short C-terminal form. In cerebellum, the short form was not detectable in parallel fibers, structures in which the long form was readily detected. In cultured cerebellar granule neurons, the long form was dominant in neurites, with the short form being most abundant in cell bodies. In vitro, the short form was found to lack the binding activity for the axonal protein fodaxin, which characterizes the C-terminal region of the long form. Subcellular fractionation of brain revealed that the short form was scarcely detectable in post-synaptic density preparations, in which the long form was readily detected. We conclude that variation in the structure of the C-terminal regions of betaII spectrin isoforms correlates with their differential intracellular targeting.

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Andrew Hui
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Corporate Communication ◽  
Experimental Poetry ◽  
Long Form

This epilogue explores Twitter, which was founded in 2006, launching the now ubiquitous platform of the 140-character short form (now enlarged to 280). It is not difficult to see Twitter as a digital descendant of the analog aphorism. However, the ecosystem of twitterature embraces more: it is a vehicle also for journalism, advertising, corporate communication, self-promotion, political campaigns, experimental poetry, micro short stories, collaborative works, and rewritings of the classics. In terms of this book's theory of the aphorism, tweets come before, after, and against long-form publications. Sometimes they function as headlines or clickbaits that link to longer forms of continuous writing. And in terms of the book's central conceptual paradigm—fragments and systems—Twitter offers both on an exponentially larger and faster scale.

scholarly journals Reassignment of Rhyncaphytoptus longipalpis Xue et Hong, 2005 (Diptilomiopidae) to Bambusacarus n. gen. (Eriophyidae) and remarks on shape of oral stylet and orientation of pharynx in Eriophyoidea (Acari: Acariformes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-771
Author(s):  
Philipp E. Chetverikov ◽  
James W. Amrine Jr. ◽  
Enikő Kiss ◽  
Jenő Kontschán ◽  
Géza Ripka
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Family Group ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Long Form

It is widely accepted in literature that members of Diptilomiopidae possess a “long-form” oral stylet which is usually nearly as long as the cheliceral stylets. However, it is not only the length of the oral stylet itself that is the character to discriminate diptilomiopids, but also its shape and the orientation of the pharynx. We reinvestigated the gnathosoma of Rhyncaphytoptus longipalpis Xue et Hong, 2005, a “diptilomiopid” species from China, and demonstrated that this mite has an angled short-form oral stylet and an almost horizontally oriented pharynx, which is not typical for Diptilomiopidae. We reassign “longipalpis” to a new genus Bambusacarus n. gen. in a different family-group (Eriophyidae, Phyllocoptinae, Anthocoptini) and provide a supplementary description of this species based on the material from Hungary where it was found on six introduced bamboo species of the genus Phyllostachys (Poaceae). Similar to members of endoparasitic genus Novophytoptus (Phytoptidae), B. longipalpis n. comb. has elongate, forceps-shaped gnathosomal structures and it lacks setae d and v on palps. We conclude that in some “non-diptlilomiopid” lineages of Eriophyoidea (1) the elongation of palps and changing of the length and curvature of the gnathosomal stylets may not be correlated with transformation of the shape of the oral stylet and reorientation of pharynx, and (2) when this happens, the mite homoplastically acquires the well-recognized “diptilomiopid-like” phenotype as seen in B. longipalpis n. comb. In future, careful reinvestigation of the shape of the oral stylet in Diptilomiopidae may reveal new examples of similar phenotypic convergency in Eriophyoidea.

Hyperleptinemia and reduced TNF-α secretion cause resistance of db/db mice to endotoxin

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. R763-R770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abram M. Madiehe ◽  
Tiffany D. Mitchell ◽  
Ruth B. S. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Cytokine Receptors ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Leptin Deficiency ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Long Form

Leptin deficiency in ob/ob mice increases susceptibility to endotoxic shock, whereas leptin pretreatment protects them against LPS-induced lethality. Lack of the long-form leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) in db/db mice causes resistance. We tested the effects of LPS in C57BL/6J db3J/db3J (BL/3J) mice, which express only the circulating leptin receptors, compared with C57BL/6J db/db (BL/6J) mice, which express all short-form and circulating isoforms of the leptin receptor. Intraperitoneal injections of LPS significantly decreased rectal temperature and increased leptin, corticosterone, and free TNF-α in fed and fasted BL/3J and BL/6J mice. TNF-α was increased three- and fourfold in BL/3J and BL/6J, respectively. LPS (100 μg) caused 50% mortality of fasted BL/6J mice but caused no mortality in fasted BL/3J mice. Pretreatment of fasted BL/3J mice with 30 μg leptin prevented the drop in rectal temperature, blunted the increase in corticosterone, but had no effect on TNF-α induced by 100 μg LPS. Taken together, these data provide evidence that fasted BL/3J mice are more resistant than BL/6J mice to LPS toxicity, presumably due to the absence of leptin receptors in BL/3J mice. This resistance may be due to high levels of free leptin cross-reacting with other cytokine receptors.

A short form of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE): development and cross-validation

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Long Form

SynopsisData from four studies were used to assess the psychometric properties of the 26 IQCODE items. The items were assessed in terms of item–total correlations, test–retest reliabilities, correlations with indicators of current cognitive functioning and correlations with indicators of pre-morbid cognitive functioning. These data were used to develop a 16-item short form. The short form was cross-validated in a new sample using dementia/delirium diagnosis as the validity standard. It was found to perform as well as the long form.

scholarly journals SIRT3 Is a Stress-Responsive Deacetylase in Cardiomyocytes That Protects Cells from Stress-Mediated Cell Death by Deacetylation of Ku70

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (20) ◽  
pp. 6384-6401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagalingam R. Sundaresan ◽  
Sadhana A. Samant ◽  
Vinodkumar B. Pillai ◽  
Senthilkumar B. Rajamohan ◽  
Mahesh P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Proapoptotic Protein ◽  
Long Form ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

ABSTRACT There are seven SIRT isoforms in mammals, with diverse biological functions including gene regulation, metabolism, and apoptosis. Among them, SIRT3 is the only sirtuin whose increased expression has been shown to correlate with an extended life span in humans. In this study, we examined the role of SIRT3 in murine cardiomyocytes. We found that SIRT3 is a stress-responsive deacetylase and that its increased expression protects myocytes from genotoxic and oxidative stress-mediated cell death. We show that, like human SIRT3, mouse SIRT3 is expressed in two forms, a ∼44-kDa long form and a ∼28-kDa short form. Whereas the long form is localized in the mitochondria, nucleus, and cytoplasm, the short form is localized exclusively in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes. During stress, SIRT3 levels are increased not only in mitochondria but also in the nuclei of cardiomyocytes. We also identified Ku70 as a new target of SIRT3. SIRT3 physically binds to Ku70 and deacetylates it, and this promotes interaction of Ku70 with the proapoptotic protein Bax. Thus, under stress conditions, increased expression of SIRT3 protects cardiomyocytes, in part by hindering the translocation of Bax to mitochondria. These studies underscore an essential role of SIRT3 in the survival of cardiomyocytes in stress situations.

A dimeric catalytic core relates the short and long forms of ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase

2018 ◽  
Vol 475 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Mittelstädt ◽  
Wanting Jiao ◽  
Emma K. Livingstone ◽  
Gert-Jan Moggré ◽  
Ali Reza Nazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Allosteric Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Domain ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Histidine Biosynthesis ◽  
Catalytic Core ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Long Form ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
First Time

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) phosphoribosyltransferase (ATP-PRT) catalyses the first committed step of histidine biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms. Two forms of ATP-PRT have been reported, which differ in their molecular architecture and mechanism of allosteric regulation. The short-form ATP-PRT is a hetero-octamer, with four HisG chains that comprise only the catalytic domains and four separate chains of HisZ required for allosteric regulation by histidine. The long-form ATP-PRT is homo-hexameric, with each chain comprising two catalytic domains and a covalently linked regulatory domain that binds histidine as an allosteric inhibitor. Here, we describe a truncated long-form ATP-PRT from Campylobacter jejuni devoid of its regulatory domain (CjeATP-PRTcore). Results showed that CjeATP-PRTcore is dimeric, exhibits attenuated catalytic activity, and is insensitive to histidine, indicating that the covalently linked regulatory domain plays a role in both catalysis and regulation. Crystal structures were obtained for CjeATP-PRTcore in complex with both substrates, and for the first time, the complete product of the reaction. These structures reveal the key features of the active site and provide insights into how substrates move into position during catalysis.

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