Topological Entanglement and Its Relation to Polymer Material Properties

Author(s):  
Eleni Panagiotou
JOM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramjot Singh ◽  
Qasim Shaikh ◽  
Vamsi K. Balla ◽  
Sundar V. Atre ◽  
Kunal H. Kate

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Zhou Chen ◽  
Junxiong Zhang ◽  
Guanchun Wang ◽  
Ruiqian Zhang ◽  
...  

Cellulose widely existed in plants and bacteria, which takes important effect on the synthesis of macromolecule polymer material. Because of its great material properties, the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) showed its necessary prospect in various industrial applications. As a renewable future material, the preparation methods of the CNC were reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the important applications of CNC in the field of composites, barrier film, electronics, and energy consumption were also mentioned with brief introductions. The summarized preparations and considerable applications provided operable ideas and methods for the future high-end and eco-friendly functional composites. Suggestions for potential applications were also discussed.


Author(s):  
C.L. Briant

Grain boundary segregation is the process by which solute elements in a material diffuse to the grain boundaries, become trapped there, and increase their local concentration at the boundary over that in the bulk. As a result of this process this local concentration of the segregant at the grain boundary can be many orders of magnitude greater than the bulk concentration of the segregant. The importance of this problem lies in the fact that grain boundary segregation can affect many material properties such as fracture, corrosion, and grain growth.One of the best ways to study grain boundary segregation is with Auger electron spectroscopy. This spectroscopy is an extremely surface sensitive technique. When it is used to study grain boundary segregation the sample must first be fractured intergranularly in the high vacuum spectrometer. This fracture surface is then the one that is analyzed. The development of scanning Auger spectrometers have allowed researchers to first image the fracture surface that is created and then to perform analyses on individual grain boundaries.


Author(s):  
Brian Ralph ◽  
Barlow Claire ◽  
Nicola Ecob

This brief review seeks to summarize some of the main property changes which may be induced by altering the grain structure of materials. Where appropriate an interpretation is given of these changes in terms of current theories of grain boundary structure, and some examples from current studies are presented at the end of this paper.


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