International Trends in Managing Natural Hazards and the Role of Leadership

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bakatsaki ◽  
Leonidas Zampetakis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
International Trends

scholarly journals The role of soils in the regulation of hazards and extreme events

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1834) ◽  
pp. 20200178
Author(s):  
P. M. Saco ◽  
K. R. McDonough ◽  
J. F. Rodriguez ◽  
J. Rivera-Zayas ◽  
S. G. Sandi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
World Population ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Ecosystem Component

The frequency and intensity of natural hazards and extreme events has increased throughout the last century, resulting in adverse socioeconomic and ecological impacts worldwide. Key factors driving this increase include climate change, the growing world population, anthropogenic activities and ecosystem degradation. One ecologically focused approach that has shown potential towards the mitigation of these hazard events is the concept of nature's contributions to people (or NCP), which focuses on enhancing the material and non-material benefits of an ecosystem to reduce hazard vulnerability and enhance overall human well-being. Soils, in particular, have been identified as a key ecosystem component that may offer critical hazard regulating functionality. Thus, this review investigates the modulating role of soils in the regulation of natural hazards and extreme events, with a focus on floods, droughts, landslides and sand/dust storms, within the context of NCP. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

scholarly journals Generic drugs: international trends and policy developments in Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Lofgren
Keyword(s):  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme

Public and private third-party payers in many countries encourage or mandate the use of generic drugs. This articleexamines the development of generics policy in Australia, against the background of a description of internationaltrends in this area, and related experiences of reference pricing programs. The Australian generics market remainsunderdeveloped due to a historical legacy of small Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme price differentials betweenoriginator brands and generics. It is argued that policy measures open to the Australian government can be conceivedas clustering around two different approaches: incremental changes within the existing regulatory framework, or a shifttowards a high volume/low price role of generics which would speed up the delivery of substantial cost savings, andcould provide enhanced scope for the financing of new, patented drugs.

Digital Literacy and the Use of Wireless Portable Computers, Planners, and Cell Phones for K-12 Education

2011 ◽  
pp. 308-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Personal Digital Assistants ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
International Trends ◽  
K 12

Wireless technologies have transformed learning, teaching, and leading in K-12 schools. Because of their speed and portability, laptops, planners, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and cellular telephones are major components of digital literacy. In this chapter, current international trends in the educational uses of portable technologies will be discussed. The implications of newer hardware specifications and educational software applications for laptop computers will be analyzed, including inequities in student access to the handhelds. Next, the role of planners and PDAs as more recent instructional and managerial tools will be evaluated. This study also includes a review of the current debate over whether or not cell phones, especially those with photographic capabilities, should be allowed to be used by students in schools. Finally, potential uses of wireless technologies for interactive learning and collaborative leadership on a global basis will be investigated.

Digital Literacy and the Use of Wireless Portable Computers, Planners, and Cell Phones for K-12 Education

2011 ◽  
pp. 1624-1636
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Personal Digital Assistants ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
International Trends ◽  
K 12

Wireless technologies have transformed learning, teaching, and leading in K-12 schools. Because of their speed and portability, laptops, planners, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and cellular telephones are major components of digital literacy. In this chapter, current international trends in the educational uses of portable technologies will be discussed. The implications of newer hardware specifications and educational software applications for laptop computers will be analyzed, including inequities in student access to the handhelds. Next, the role of planners and PDAs as more recent instructional and managerial tools will be evaluated. This study also includes a review of the current debate over whether or not cell phones, especially those with photographic capabilities, should be allowed to be used by students in schools. Finally, potential uses of wireless technologies for interactive learning and collaborative leadership on a global basis will be investigated.

scholarly journals International Media and Tourism Industry as the Facilitators of Socialist Legacy Heritagization in the CEE Region

Urban Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Nebojša Čamprag
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
International Media ◽  
International Trends ◽  
The One ◽  
National Governments

After the fall of state socialism in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), the socialist legacy became a matter of contested discourses, coming from the new national governments. However, with the recently awakening nostalgia for socialism and growing international interest for the socialist pasts, the approaches to its legacies began gradually to change. In this paper, the focus is on some recent international trends with regards to the socialist heritage for evaluating the share of their influences in the process of de-contestation occurring at the local/national levels. There are two processes standing in juxtaposition to be observed; on the one hand, official nation branding distances the state from socialist pasts to emphasize, often contrasting, post-socialist national identity. On the other hand, the development of communist heritage tourism attempts to reconsider and appropriate socialist legacies in the national frameworks for identity construction. Using the examples from Hungary, Romania, and the former Yugoslavia, the author demonstrates the role of international media and the tourism industry for meeting the objectives of economic development while maintaining post-socialist national identity senses, but also their potentials in reconsiderations of the contested history chapters.

The role of individual well-being in risk perception and evacuation for chronic vs. acute natural hazards in Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 700-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham A. Tobin ◽  
Linda M. Whiteford ◽  
Eric C. Jones ◽  
Arthur D. Murphy ◽  
Sandra J. Garren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Well Being

Trends in Women's Participation in Mexican Businesses

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Zabludovsky
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Role Of Women

This article presents the results of research on the importance of women entrepreneurs in Mexico related to the rates of females in the workforce, compared with the total numbers of entrepreneurs in the country and with international trends. The significance of women as owners of micro-businesses and small businesses and the increasing diversification of their companies with respect to different types of business are shown. The article also analyses the relationships between work and family and the important role of women in family business in Mexico.

scholarly journals The role of science and engineering in mitigating natural hazards

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Frank Press
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Keynote Address ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Eighth World

This keynote address delivered to the Eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering is reported here with permission. It is a thoughtful and stimulating contribution and deserves the careful attention of readers.

scholarly journals Adjusting Structures and Procedures

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Abiha Zahra ◽  
Geert Bouckaert
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Social World ◽  
State Structure ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Network Type ◽  
Structural Shifts

State structures are constantly adjusted for resilience in a social world full of external and internal challenges. Structural shifts or reforms are comprehensively explored in the public management literature; though little is known regarding the dynamics of reforms in a developing context like Pakistan and that too from a longitudinal perspective. This research documents the key adjustments in the state structure and analyzes the changing dynamics of reform mechanisms at the federal level of Pakistan in a period of over seven decades. Both civilian and military led governments made continuous adjustments in state structures with shifting choices in reform mechanisms. With dominance of hierarchy type mechanisms over the years, the new trends in reforms around the world including market and network type mechanisms were also brought in for a resilient system. Markets and hierarchies were mostly blended in with hierarchies to create state specific reform patterns. Developing countries pick up international trends in reforms imported from West; however, the way they are influenced by the role of contextual actors (both political and non-political).

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