Enhanced Sensitivity Rapid Tests for the Detection of Sepsis Marker Procalcitonin

Two recently developed Legionella detection tests, a microbiological-immunological method based on monoclonal antibodies (carried out as a colony-blot assay) and a commercial gene-probe testkit (the EnvironAmp Legionella Kit), are compared with the standard method. The colony-blot assay is faster than the conventional method; the gene-probe test is much faster still and is the most sensitive, but in consequence is at greater risk of false-positive results.

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Mass Spectrometry for Proteomics and Recent Developments in ESI, MALDI and other Ionization Methodologies

Current Proteomics ◽

10.2174/1570164616666190204154653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 267-276

Author(s):

Qurat ul Ain Farooq ◽

Noor ul Haq ◽

Abdul Aziz ◽

Sara Aimen ◽

Muhammad Inam ul Haq

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Electrospray Ionization ◽

New Technologies ◽

Protein Complexes ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Desorption Electrospray Ionization ◽

High Throughput Analysis ◽

Enhanced Sensitivity ◽

Recent Developments ◽

The Way

Background: Mass spectrometry is a tool used in analytical chemistry to identify components in a chemical compound and it is of tremendous importance in the field of biology for high throughput analysis of biomolecules, among which protein is of great interest. Objective: Advancement in proteomics based on mass spectrometry has led the way to quantify multiple protein complexes, and proteins interactions with DNA/RNA or other chemical compounds which is a breakthrough in the field of bioinformatics. Methods: Many new technologies have been introduced in electrospray ionization (ESI) and Matrixassisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) techniques which have enhanced sensitivity, resolution and many other key features for the characterization of proteins. Results: The advent of ambient mass spectrometry and its different versions like Desorption Electrospray Ionization (DESI), DART and ELDI has brought a huge revolution in proteomics research. Different imaging techniques are also introduced in MS to map proteins and other significant biomolecules. These drastic developments have paved the way to analyze large proteins of >200kDa easily. Conclusion: Here, we discuss the recent advancement in mass spectrometry, which is of great importance and it could lead us to further deep analysis of the molecules from different perspectives and further advancement in these techniques will enable us to find better ways for prediction of molecules and their behavioral properties.

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Enhanced Sensitivity of Lymphoid Cells to Ethanol ADH Acetaldehyde Toxicity; Implications for GDEPT and Adoptive T Cell Therapy

Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine ◽

10.2174/1875692116666180703151538 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 118-123

Author(s):

Philip Savage ◽

Claire Horlock ◽

Bryony Stott ◽

Justin Stebbing

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Adoptive T Cell Therapy ◽

T Cell Therapy ◽

Enhanced Sensitivity

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Enhanced sensitivity RNA gel loading buffer that enables efficient RNA separation on native gels

BioTechniques ◽

10.2144/04362pf01 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 334-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Keqin Gregg ◽

Wenli Zhou ◽

Wan Ji ◽

Sara Davis

Keyword(s):

Enhanced Sensitivity

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Limits and Opportunities of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Tests: An Experienced-Based Perspective

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10010038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Verena Schildgen ◽

Sabrina Demuth ◽

Jessica Lüsebrink ◽

Oliver Schildgen

Keyword(s):

Clinical Setting ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Public Attention ◽

High Expectations ◽

Test Strategy ◽

Rapid Tests ◽

Pilot Sample ◽

Lateral Flow Tests ◽

Throat Washing

Background: Due to the steadily rising case numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections worldwide, there is an increasing need for reliable rapid diagnostic devices in addition to existing gold standard PCR methods. Actually, public attention is focused on antigen assays including lateral flow tests (LFTs) as a diagnostic alternative. Therefore, different LFTs were analyzed regarding their performance in a clinical setting. Material and Methods: A pilot sample panel of 13 bronchoalveolar fluids (BALFs) and 60 throat washing (TW) samples with confirmed PCR results, as well as eight throat washes invalid by PCR, were tested with the BIOCREDIT test (RapiGEN), the PanbioTM assay (Abbott), and the SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test (Roche). Conclusion: The analyzed antigen test showed an interassay correlation of 27.4%, with overall specificities ranging from 19.4% to 87.1%, while sensitivities of the respective tests ranged between 33.3% and 88.1%. Because these assays did not entirely meet all high expectations, their benefit has to be carefully evaluated for the respective test strategy and setting.

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Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11081352 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1352

Author(s):

Darius Riziki Martin ◽

Nicole Remaliah Sibuyi ◽

Phumuzile Dube ◽

Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka ◽

Ruben Cloete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Rapid Screening ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

Diagnostic Systems ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Rapid Tests

The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.

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A Tool Derived from the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, to Assess Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity or Biostimulation of Novel Compounds Used in Agriculture

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 321

Author(s):

Perrine Klein ◽

Lorelei Chauvey ◽

Jean Kallerhoff ◽

Eric Pinelli ◽

Marie Morard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Maleic Hydrazide ◽

Lead Nitrate ◽

Micronucleus Assay ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

Rapid Tests

The increased use of biostimulants in conventional agriculture and organic farming requires the implementation of rapid tests to determine their effectiveness in enhancing plant growth and protection against abiotic stresses. However, their innocuity to plant health has rarely been demonstrated. We used the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, as described by the standard AFNOR EN ISO 29200(2020-05) to reveal biostimulant, genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of four commercialized wood-based products by comparing mitotic indices and micronucleus frequencies with respect to the controls. Neither genotoxicity, as measured by micronucleus frequency (MN), nor cytotoxicity, assessed by Mitotic index counts, was observed. Additionally, one of these stimulants (BHS®) conferred protective effects against contaminants (maleic hydrazide or lead nitrate). We describe that plotting micronuclei frequency against mitotic indices allows discrimination between cytotoxic/genotoxic effects from growth levels. Vicia faba experiments were successfully transposed to other agronomical important crops such as corn and sunflower. This technique can be valuable to industrials, to assess growth, potential cytoxicity and genotoxicity effects of any new biostimulant or organic.

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