scholarly journals A Tool Derived from the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, to Assess Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity or Biostimulation of Novel Compounds Used in Agriculture

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Perrine Klein ◽  
Lorelei Chauvey ◽  
Jean Kallerhoff ◽  
Eric Pinelli ◽  
Marie Morard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Rapid Tests

The increased use of biostimulants in conventional agriculture and organic farming requires the implementation of rapid tests to determine their effectiveness in enhancing plant growth and protection against abiotic stresses. However, their innocuity to plant health has rarely been demonstrated. We used the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, as described by the standard AFNOR EN ISO 29200(2020-05) to reveal biostimulant, genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of four commercialized wood-based products by comparing mitotic indices and micronucleus frequencies with respect to the controls. Neither genotoxicity, as measured by micronucleus frequency (MN), nor cytotoxicity, assessed by Mitotic index counts, was observed. Additionally, one of these stimulants (BHS®) conferred protective effects against contaminants (maleic hydrazide or lead nitrate). We describe that plotting micronuclei frequency against mitotic indices allows discrimination between cytotoxic/genotoxic effects from growth levels. Vicia faba experiments were successfully transposed to other agronomical important crops such as corn and sunflower. This technique can be valuable to industrials, to assess growth, potential cytoxicity and genotoxicity effects of any new biostimulant or organic.

scholarly journals CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF DULOXETINE ON MKN45 AND NIH3T3 CELL LINES AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melika HASSANI ◽  
Nasrin GHASSEMI-BARGHI ◽  
Mona MODANLOO ◽  
Abbas MOHAMMADPOUR ◽  
Mohammad SHOKRZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Unfortunately, the survival rate of the gastric cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy following surgery has been less than a half. Besides, chemotherapy has many side effects. Current evidence suggests that some antidepressants like duloxetine have growth-inhibiting effects against a number of cancer cell lines. OBJECTIVE: Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of duloxetine on gastric cancer. METHODS: In this regard, the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of duloxetine were investigated in MKN45 and NIH3T3 cell lines by MTT assay and on peripheral blood lymphocytes by MN assay. For this purpose, cells were cultured in 96 wells plate. Stock solutions of duloxetine and cisplatin were prepared. After cell incubation with different concentrations of duloxetine (1, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μL), MTT solution was added. For micronucleus assay fresh blood was added to RPMI culture medium 1640 supplemented, and different concentrations of duloxetine (1, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μL) were added. RESULTS: The cytotoxicity of duloxetine on MKN45 cancer cell line and NIH3T3 normal cell line were studied followed by MTT assay. duloxetine exhibited higher IC50 in the MKN45 cells in comparison with the NIH3T3 cells. In addition, genotoxic effect of duloxetine was evaluated by micronucleus assay. The results revealed that duloxetine induced more DNA damage at 100 and 200 μM and no significant difference at 200 μM with respect to cisplatin, but it had less genotoxic effects at 100 and 50 μM concentrations. CONCLUSION: Although, in this study, duloxetine had less genotoxicity than cisplatin in concentrations under 200 μM and showed cytotoxic effects as well, due to its IC50, it cannot be considered as a better choice for gastric cancer therapies with respect to cisplatin as a common anticancer drug.

scholarly journals Satureja subspicata and S. horvatii Extracts Induce Overexpression of the BCl-2 Family of Anti-apoptotic Genes and Reduce Micronuclei Frequency in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Jasmina Čakar ◽  
Naida Kadrić Lojo ◽  
Anja Haverić ◽  
Maida Hadžić ◽  
Lejla Lasić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Apoptotic Genes ◽  
Apoptotic Activity

Satureja subspicata and S. horvatii are endemic species of the Balkan Peninsula and often used in traditional medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina to treat different health conditions. We aimed to analyze the unevaluated apoptotic, genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of two Satureja species, as well as their content of phenolics that are mainly responsible for the plant's biological activity. Apoptotic and geno/cytotoxic activities of S. subspicata and S. horvatii were investigated in vitro in human lymphocyte culture and in vivo in mice. The content of the main phenolics in plant extracts was determined by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-MS-MS (UHPLC–MS/MS). Genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of Satureja extracts were evaluated in vitro by applying a cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay in human lymphocyte culture and in vivo applying a mice reticulocytes micronucleus assay. SALSA RT-MLPA R011-C1 apoptosis assay was used for measuring the relative expression of 44 genes associated with the regulation of the apoptotic pathways in human lymphocyte cultures treated with different concentrations of two Satureja extracts. The first analysis of phenolic compounds in S. horvatii and S. subspicata determined by an UHPLC-MS/MS method revealed high levels of rosmarinic and caffeic acids. Minor genotoxic potential was determined in relation to the tested concentrations while no cytostatic and cytotoxic effects were revealed in vitro. However, when applied in concentrations of 200 mg/kg per os, aqueous extracts of two Satureja species significantly decreased frequency of reticulocytes micronuclei in treated mice against controls. Extracts of S. subspicata and S. horvatii in concentrations of 0.2 mg/mL, regardless of solvent used, downregulated pro-apoptotic and upregulated anti-apoptotic genes, showing anti-apoptotic activity. Our results indicate that the registered anti-genotoxic and anti-apoptotic activity is most likely related to the high level of phenolic acids (particularly rosmarinic and caffeic) in the tested extracts.

Detection of genotoxic effects of drinking water disinfection by-products using Vicia faba bioassay

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 1509-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hu ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Shao-Hui Zhang ◽  
Yu-Ting Zuo ◽  
Xue Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Drinking Water Disinfection ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Evaluation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Leaf and Bark Extracts of Crataegus oxyacantha in Murine Model

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2217
Author(s):  
Fany Renata Aguilera-Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Lourdes Zamora-Perez ◽  
Clara Luz Galván-Moreno ◽  
Rosalinda Gutiérrez-Hernández ◽  
Claudia Araceli Reyes Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Murine Model ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears ◽  
Sampling Times

Crataegus oxyacantha has been mainly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its safety profile has not been fully established, since only the genotoxic effects of C. oxyacantha fruit have been described. Therefore, the objective of this work was evaluating the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf and bark extracts of C. oxyacantha by means of the micronucleus test in a murine model. Doses of 2000, 1000, and 500 mg/kg of both extracts were administered orally for 5 days in mice of the Balb-C strain. Peripheral blood smears were performed at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after each administration. The number of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs), and micronucleated erythrocytes (MNEs) was determined at the different sampling times. Our results showed that the leaf and bark of C. oxyacantha increase the number of MNEs at the 2000 mg/kg dose, and only the aqueous leaf extract decreases the number of PCEs at the same dose. Therefore, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf and bark extracts of C. oxyacantha showed genotoxic effects, and only the aqueous leaf extract exhibited cytotoxic effects.

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