Psychological Resilience in the Face of Later-Life Spousal Bereavement

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr
Keyword(s):  
Later Life ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Spousal Bereavement ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals EARLY-LIFE MILITARY EXPOSURES AND HEALTH AMONG OLDER VETERANS: THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S320-S320
Author(s):  
Miles G Taylor ◽  
Stephanie Ureña ◽  
Dawn Carr ◽  
Stella N Min
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Face ◽  
Life Course Framework ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Drawing on the life course framework and theoretical concept of resilience, we examine the impact of early-life service-related exposures (SREs) on later-life functional impairment trajectories among older U.S. male veterans. We conceptualize resilience as a psychological resource potentially moderating the lasting negative consequences of traumatic military exposures. Method Using the 2013 Veterans Mail Survey linked to the Health and Retirement Study 2006–2014 Leave Behind Questionnaire and RAND Data File (v.N), we estimate latent growth curve models of functional impairment trajectories. Results SRE to death has a persistent positive effect on functional limitations and activities of daily living limitations. Psychological resilience significantly moderates this association, such that veterans maintaining higher levels of resilience in the face of adverse exposures have considerably less functional impairment over time compared to their counterparts with low levels of resilience. Discussion Our findings point to the importance of psychological resilience in later life, especially within the realm of traumas occurring in early life. We discuss implications for current military training programs, stressing the importance of research considering individual resources and processes that promote adaptation in the face of adverse life events.

scholarly journals Psychological Resilience and Health Among Older Adults: A Comparison of Personal Resources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles G Taylor ◽  
Dawn Carr
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
The Face ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Health Transitions

Abstract Objectives Research on life course inequality and successful aging has sought to understand how events and challenges may lead to poor outcomes in later life for some individuals, while others fare well in the face of adversity. Among internalized resources, research suggests psychological resilience is protective in the face of challenges, but little is known about the predictive efficacy of this measure compared to other resources such as mastery. This paper examines connections between psychological resilience and later life health compared to other internalized resources. Method Standardized associations between 4 resources (resilience, mastery, optimism, hopelessness) and 5 health outcomes were tested using short-term health transitions and longer term health trajectories in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework using the Leave Behind Questionnaire (LBQ) and linked Health and Retirement Study (HRS) between 2006/2008 and 2014/2016 (n = 11,050–12,823). Results Psychological resilience had consistent and robust associations with health transitions and trajectories. Further, the effects of this resource were generally 4–10 times greater than for mastery, optimism, and hopelessness in combined models. Trajectory analyses replicate these findings and suggest the beneficial associations of resilience over time were persistent for some health outcomes, and cumulative for others. Discussion The results suggest that psychological resilience is powerfully associated with health in later life, with substantially greater predictive efficacy than other commonly used resource measures. Future research should establish how this intrapersonal resource works alongside structural and interpersonal resources to promote and protect health and functioning in the face of challenges and adversity.

scholarly journals Racial Differences in the Erosion of Psychological Resilience Following COVID-19 Related Financial Hardship

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
Miles Taylor ◽  
Dawn Carr ◽  
Kendra Jason
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Research on the impact of COVID-19 among older adults has primarily focused on virus outcomes, but it is also possible the pandemic’s hardships have eroded the adaptive capacity of older adults. It is also likely these impacts vary by race and ethnicity. We examine changes in psychological resilience (PR) among older adults pre and post-pandemic to determine whether financial and social hardships have altered this resource for White, Black, and Hispanic older adults. Method Using the COVID module recently released by the HRS (n=735), we examined changes in PR between 2016 and 2020 related to specific COVID experiences. We tested interactions to determine whether the effects of these experiences were conditioned by race and ethnicity. Results Consistent with previous literature, resilience was relatively stable during this time on average. Financial hardship due to COVID-19 diminished resilience, but this effect was concentrated primarily among White Americans. PR was unchanged related to financial hardship among Black Americans. Discussion The results suggest that PR is a relatively stable resource in later life, even during a pandemic. However, this resource may be impacted in the face of specific and especially new challenges in later life. Policies and interventions related to job loss and financial hardship during the pandemic should be seen as supporting the capacity for older adults to adapt to current as well as future challenges.

The Impact of Military Service Exposures and Psychological Resilience on the Mental Health Trajectories of Older Male Veterans

2020 ◽  
pp. 089826432097523
Author(s):  
Stephanie Ureña ◽  
Miles G. Taylor ◽  
Dawn C. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: We examine the impact of exposure to the dead, dying, and wounded (DDW) during military service on the later-life depressive symptom trajectories of male United States veterans, using psychological resilience as an internal resource that potentially moderates negative consequences. Methods: The Health and Retirement Study (2006–2014) and linked Veteran Mail Survey were used to estimate latent growth curve models of depressive symptom trajectories, beginning at respondents’ first report of resilience. Results: Veterans with higher levels of resilience do not have increased depressive symptoms in later life, despite previous exposure to DDW. Those with lower levels of resilience and previous exposure to DDW experience poorer mental health in later life. Discussion: Psychological resilience is important for later-life mental health, particularly for veterans who endured potentially traumatic experiences. We discuss the importance acknowledging the role individual resources play in shaping adaptation to adverse life events and implications for mental health service needs.

scholarly journals Overseas Chinese Returnees’ Swindler Syndrome and Their Entrepreneurial Education Under Psychological Resilience

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Xiao ◽  
Xiaoya Wang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Overseas Chinese ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Perspective

The study aims to explore the entrepreneurship education of overseas Chinese returnees with the swindler syndrome through psychological resilience. First, a questionnaire survey is conducted to analyze the current situations of entrepreneurship education of overseas Chinses returnees and college students, and it is found that the entrepreneurship education received by overseas Chinese returnees is more advanced and perfect than that by domestic students, which makes overseas Chinese returnees have the ability to solve the problems in the process of entrepreneurship, realizing their entrepreneurial dream. However, the emergence of swindler syndrome changes the self-awareness and psychology of these returnees, which is improved through appropriate entrepreneurship education under resilience analysis. The results show that entrepreneurial resilience and entrepreneurial optimism covered by psychological resilience have a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intention, indicating that entrepreneurial resilience and entrepreneurial optimism can enhance individual’s entrepreneurial intention. The scores of the subjects with the experience of studying abroad are higher than those without such experience, indicating that overseas Chinese returnees have stronger resilience and more optimistic attitudes in the face of difficulties and setbacks, which provides a new perspective for in-depth analysis of Chinese returnees’ entrepreneurship education and promotes the development of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities in China.

Spiritual Factors in the Experience of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias

2015 ◽  
pp. 230-253
Author(s):  
Elizabeth MacKinlay ◽  
Corinne Trevitt
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Residential Aged Care ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
The Face

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias raise important questions of personhood and connection for those affected. Finding meaning in the face of dementia is one of the most challenging aspects of dementia; spiritual reminiscence is a way of connecting with those with dementia when their cognitive decline seems to preclude them from participating in a meaningful life. In this chapter a context for spirituality in later life is given through description of the spiritual tasks and process of ageing. This leads to presentation of work based on a mixed methods study of 113 people in residential aged care with a diagnosis of dementia who participated in either six or 24 weeks of weekly sessions of guided spiritual reminiscence (MacKinlay & Trevitt, 2012). Relationship was found to be almost synonymous with meaning for these people. Other important themes identified were vulnerability and transcendence, wisdom, hope, despair, and response to meaning.

Spiritual Factors in the Experience of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias

2020 ◽  
pp. 334-357
Author(s):  
Elizabeth MacKinlay ◽  
Corinne Trevitt
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Residential Aged Care ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
The Face

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias raise important questions of personhood and connection for those affected. Finding meaning in the face of dementia is one of the most challenging aspects of dementia; spiritual reminiscence is a way of connecting with those with dementia when their cognitive decline seems to preclude them from participating in a meaningful life. In this chapter a context for spirituality in later life is given through description of the spiritual tasks and process of ageing. This leads to presentation of work based on a mixed methods study of 113 people in residential aged care with a diagnosis of dementia who participated in either six or 24 weeks of weekly sessions of guided spiritual reminiscence (MacKinlay & Trevitt, 2012). Relationship was found to be almost synonymous with meaning for these people. Other important themes identified were vulnerability and transcendence, wisdom, hope, despair, and response to meaning.

Flowering at Sunset

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-184
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Qi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Face ◽  
Private Matter ◽  
Mainstream Literature

Through an examination of remarriage and repartnering among the elderly, this chapter explores the occurrence of later-life cohabitation, the issues it raises for participants, and the intergenerational considerations it generates. Whereas the mainstream literature tends to treat remarriage or cohabitation among older persons as a private matter between the couples, the Chinese cases discussed in the chapter provide a contrasting perspective, in which the attitudes and expectations of adult children, especially regarding inheritance, but also in terms of the provision of eldercare, impact the cohabitation and remarriage decisions of the elderly. The chapter also identifies otherwise neglected aspects of social relationships, including concerns about the face of the persons directly involved, as well as more distant others.

MASTERY BELIEFS AND PRODUCTIVE LEISURE ACTIVITIES IN THE THIRD AGE

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Timmer ◽  
Marja Aartsen
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

In the present study we examined the associations between beliefs of mastery and 2 important kinds of productive activities in the third age: participation in education, and volunteering. Within the broad concept of mastery beliefs, differential aspects of self-regulatory cognitions were studied, that is, self-esteem, control beliefs, effort to complete behavior, persistence in the face of adversity, and willingness to initiate behavior. Effects of these aspects on carrying out activities were investigated and controlled for the impact of some situational and demographic factors. Findings suggest that a general sense of mastery, as reflected in self-esteem and control beliefs, is not a precondition for study and volunteering work in the third age. However, special components of self-efficacy turned out to play a part. Willingness to initiate behavior emerged as a strong predictor for taking on educational activities, as was persistence in the face of adversity for being active as a volunteer. In the discussion possibilities were looked at fpr how better to match productive activities in later life to personal dispositions.

scholarly journals An Integrated Model for Understanding and Developing Resilience in the Face of Adverse Events

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian de Terte ◽  
Julia Becker ◽  
Christine Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Part Model

AbstractTheFive Part ModelorFive Areas Modelhas been a pivotal component of cognitive behavioural therapy and the treatment of various psychological disorders. The Five Part Model consists of five components that represent the interaction of an individual's environment, thoughts, feelings, behaviours, and physical reactions. To date the Five Part Model has primarily been used to understand what has already happened to an individual; for example, when an individual is suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder or is being treated for other psychological difficulties. However, there has been limited application of the Five Part Model to the concept of resilience. Given the effectiveness of the model as an assessment and treatment tool, then it is possible that this model would also be effective in understanding how an individual deals with the aftermath of traumatic events such as disasters. Individual psychological variables are an essential part of whether an individual is resilient to adverse circumstances. However, this model should include as part of the individual's environment wider family, community and societal attributes. It is suggested that the Five Part Model be expanded to include such family, community and societal attributes to account for the influence these have on an individual's psychological resilience. A multidimensional model of resilience is proposed that will need to be scientifically tested; however, it is proposed that this model has application to the variety of disciplines that are involved in the domain of resilience. In addition, this model attempts to address any interdisciplinary barriers that exist, by ensuring that individual, family, community, and societal attributes are considered holistically as part of resilience building.

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