scholarly journals Older Adults in Hospitals: Health Promotion When Hospitalized

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-301
Author(s):  
Anne-S. Helvik
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Clinical Nursing ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
To Come ◽  
Age Range

AbstractThe population of older adults (≥60 years) is currently growing. Thus, in the years to come it is expected that a high proportion of patients hospitalized will be in the older age range. In western countries, the proportion of older inpatients is about 40% in the medical and surgical hospitals units. Older people with illness is vulnerable to both physical and cognitive impairments as well as depression. Therefore, a health-promoting perspective and approach are highly warranted in clinical nursing care of older adults in medical hospitals. This chapter focuses on health promotion related to depressive symptoms, impairment in activities of daily living, and cognitive impairment in older hospitalized adults.

scholarly journals Nurse-Patient Interaction: A Vital Salutogenic Resource in Nursing Home Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Gørill Haugan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
To Come

AbstractWe are now witnessing a major change in the world’s population. Many people globally grow very old: 80, 90, and 100 years. Increased age is followed by an increased incidence of functional and chronic comorbidities and diverse disabilities, which for many leads to the need for long-term care in a nursing home. Quality of life and health promotive initiatives for older persons living in nursing homes will become ever more important in the years to come. Therefore, this chapter focuses on health promotion among older adults living in nursing homes. First, this chapter clarifies the concepts of health, salutogenesis, and pathogenesis, followed by knowledge about health promotion. Then insight and knowledge about the nursing home population is provided; what promotes health and well-being in nursing home residents?Health promotion in the health services should be based on integrated knowledge of salutogenesis and pathogenesis. The salutogenic understanding of health is holistic and considers man as a wholeness including physical, mental, social, and spiritual/existential dimensions. Research indicates that various health-promoting interventions, specifically the nurse–patient interaction, influence on older adults in nursing homes as a wholeness of body–soul–spirit, affecting the whole being. Hence, dimensions such as pain, fatigue, dyspnea, nausea, loneliness, anxiety, and depressive symptoms will be influenced through health-promoting approaches. Therefore, two separate studies on the health-promoting influences of nurse–patient interaction in nursing home residents were conducted. In total, nine hypotheses of directional influence of the nurse–patient interaction were tested, all of which finding support.Along with competence in pain and symptom management, health-promoting nurse–patient interaction based on awareness and attentional skills is essential in nursing home care. Thus, health care workers should be given the opportunity to further develop their knowledge and relational skills, in order to “refine” their way of being present together with residents in nursing homes. Health professionals’ competence involves the “being in the doing”; that is, both the doing and the way of being are essential in health and nursing care.

scholarly journals INVOLUNTARY TREATMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT RECEIVING NURSING CARE AT HOME.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 981-981
Author(s):  
V Moermans ◽  
M Bleijlevens ◽  
H Verbeek ◽  
F Tan ◽  
K Milisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
Care At Home ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals COGNITIVE AND HEARING IMPAIRMENTS IN OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S77-S77
Author(s):  
Jessica S West ◽  
Scott Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As the number of older adults increases, increased prevalence of cognitive and sensory impairments pose growing public health challenges. Research on the relationship between hearing impairment and cognition, however, is minimal and has yielded mixed results, with some studies finding that hearing impairment is associated with cognitive decline, and others reporting that the association is weak or non-existent. Most of this research has been conducted outside of the U.S., and the few U.S.-based longitudinal studies have relied mostly on small, non-representative samples involving short follow-up periods. Further, despite known gendered patterns in cognitive and hearing impairments, no studies to date have examined whether the relationship between the two varies by gender. Our study addresses these weaknesses in the literature by utilizing nine waves of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2014; n=14,169), a large, nationally representative, longitudinal study that facilitates examination of long-term interrelationships between hearing and cognitive impairments. In this study, we use autoregressive latent trajectory (ALT) methods to model: 1) the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive decline, and 2) sex differences in the relationship. ALT models enable us to determine whether hearing impairment and cognitive impairment are associated, net of their common tendency simply to co-trend with age. Results indicate that hearing and cognitive impairments are strongly interrelated processes that trend together over time. Moreover, hearing impairment has an increasing impact on cognitive impairment across age while the effect of cognitive impairment on hearing impairment levels out over time. Sex differences in these patterns are discussed.

scholarly journals Using a cognitive orthosis to support older adults during meal preparation: Clinicians’ perspective on COOK technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205566832090907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel Yaddaden ◽  
Mélanie Couture ◽  
Mireille Gagnon-Roy ◽  
Patricia Belchior ◽  
Maxime Lussier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Functional Profiles

Introduction Occupational therapists promote safety and autonomy of older adults with cognitive impairments. A technology, named COOK, offers support on a touch screen installed next to the stove to support task performance while correcting risky behaviors. We aimed to document (1) the functional profiles according the diagnosis (2) the types of interventions used to increase autonomy in the kitchen (3) the facilitators and obstacles to the implementation of COOK with this clientele. Methods Four focus groups were conducted with occupational therapists ( n = 24) and were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis, including coding and matrix building. Results Occupational therapists identified different (1) functional profiles and (2) interventions for both diagnoses. The use of COOK (3) could be more beneficial in mild cognitive impairment, as many barriers occur for the use in Alzheimer’s disease. Some parameters, such as digital control of the stove and complex information management, need to be simplified. Discussion According to occupational therapists, this technology is particularly applicable to people with mild cognitive impairment, because this population has better learning abilities. Conclusion This study documented the specific needs of older adults with cognitive impairments as well as interventions used by occupational therapists. The perspectives of caregivers should be captured in future research.

scholarly journals Effects of physical exercise on cognitively impaired older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Sontakova ◽  
Alzbeta Bartova ◽  
Klara Dadova ◽  
Iva Holmerova ◽  
Michal Steffl
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Randomized Control Trials ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Objectives: The main aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of different physical activities on cognitive functions in older adults divided according to cognitive impairment levels. Methods: We searched Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed for randomized control trials (RCT). A standardized mean difference (SMD) of the pre-post intervention score of global cognitive function tests were calculated by the random model in the Cochrane meta-analyses for people with cognitive impairment generally and across three levels - mild, mild to moderate, and moderate to severe cognitive impairment separately. Additionally, an unstandardized coefficient beta (B) was calculated in generalized linear models to estimate the effects of exercise, cognitive impairment severity, age, female ratio, length of intervention, and time of exercise a week on the global cognitive function. Results: Data from 26 studies involving 1,137 participants from intervention groups and 1,187 participants from control groups were analyzed. Physical exercise had a positive effect on cognitive functions in people across all levels of cognitive impairments SMD (95 % confidence interval [CI]) = 1.19 (0.77 - 1.62); however, heterogeneity was considerably high I 2 = 95%. Aerobic (B = 8.881) and resistance exercise (B = 4.464) was significantly associated with better results in global cognitive functions when compared to active control. A higher number of female participants cin intervention groups had a statistically significant effect on the global cognitive function (B = 0.229). onclusions: Physical exercise was associated with cognitive function improvement in older people with cognitive impairments. Aerobic exercise was more strongly associated than resistance exercise to combat cognitive decline. Keywords: Physical activity, Dementia, Aging, Meta-analysis, Aerobic exercise, Cognitive function

scholarly journals Development of the DREAM System: Digital Reminders for Everyday Activity Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Neil Charness ◽  
Sara Czaja ◽  
Wendy Rogers ◽  
Edie Sanders ◽  
Robin Stuart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
Initial Work

Abstract Prospective memory, the ability to remember to execute an intention in the future, is crucial for the performance of many everyday tasks important for independent living. Prospective memory abilities decline with age, and older adults living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), cognitive impairment due to traumatic brain injury (TBI), and cognitive impairment due to stroke are especially susceptible to prospective memory failures. The goal of the Digital Reminders for Everyday Activity Memory (DREAM) project is first to establish proof of concept for an adaptive cognitive aid to support the prospective memory of older adults with various cognitive impairments, and then establish proof of product in studies examining the use of a working prototype within the lab and within participants’ homes. Data will be presented from initial work verifying product requirements through engagement with stakeholders, including subject matter experts, older adults with cognitive impairments, and their care partners.

Prevalence estimates of mild behavioral impairment in a population-based sample of pre-dementia states and cognitively healthy older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moyra E. Mortby ◽  
Zahinoor Ismail ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACTBackground:A dearth of population-based epidemiological research examines neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) in sub-clinical populations across the spectrum from normal aging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The construct of mild behavioral impairment (MBI) describes the emergence of sustained and impactful NPS in advance of or in combination with MCI. This is the first epidemiological study to operationalize the recently published diagnostic criteria for MBI and determine prevalence estimates across the spectrum from cognitively normal to MCI.Methods:MBI was assessed in 1,377 older (age range 72–79 years; 52% male; MCI ;= 133; cognitively normal, but-at-risk = 397; cognitively healthy = 847). MBI was assessed in accordance with the ISTAART-AA diagnostic criteria for MBI using the neuropsychiatric inventory.Results:34.1% of participants met the criteria for MBI. High prevalence of MBI across the cognitive spectrum was reported (48.9% vs. 43.1% vs. 27.6%). Irrespective of level of cognitive impairment, impulse dyscontrol (33.8% vs. 28.7% vs. 17.2%) and decreased motivation (32.3% vs. 26.2% vs. 16.3%) were the most frequently met MBI domains. MBI was more prevalent in men (χ2 = 4.98, p = 0.026), especially the domains of decreased motivation and impulse dyscontrol.Conclusions:This study presents the first population-based prevalence estimates for MBI using the recently published ISTAART-AA diagnostic criteria. Findings indicate relatively high prevalence of MBI in pre-dementia clinical states and amongst cognitively healthy older adults. Findings were gender-specific, with MBI affecting more men than women. Knowing the estimates of these symptoms in the population is essential for understanding and differentiating the very early development of clinical disorders.

Exercise and Health Promotion for Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Pachana ◽  
Ken Laidlaw ◽  
Linda Teri ◽  
Susan M. McCurry ◽  
Rebecca G. Logsdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Cognitive Impairment

Perceived loneliness among older adults with mild cognitive impairment

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1681-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Yu ◽  
Charlene L. M. Lam ◽  
Tatia M. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackground:The high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Hong Kong, as previously reported, requires verification. Furthermore, the relationship between loneliness, depression, and cognitive impairment with regards to MCI are unclear. The present study aims to establish the prevalence of MCI in a community sample in Hong Kong and determine if participants with MCI feel significantly lonelier, even after depression has been taken into consideration.Methods:Participants from a community sample (N = 376) were assessed with subjective and objective measures of cognitive impairments to determine whether the criteria had been met for MCI. The MCI cases are then compared with age, sex, and education-matched controls on subjective measures of loneliness and depression.Results:A total of 66 (17.6%) participants were diagnosed with MCI. These participants reported significantly higher levels of perceived loneliness and depression compared to the matched controls. Differences between groups in loneliness remained significant, even after depression levels have been controlled.Conclusions:Loneliness is implicated in MCI. The relationship between loneliness and MCI is, at least, partially independent of depression. The implications of these finding are discussed.

“Not Ready to Throw in the Towel”: Perceptions of Physical Activity Held by Older Adults in Stockholm and Dublin

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breiffni Leavy ◽  
Anna Cristina Åberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
People’S Perceptions

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore and describe the perceptions of physical activity held by older urban Swedish and Irish adults. Qualitative interviews were carried out with 30 people age 65 years and older (mean age 74.5), of whom 15 were living in Dublin and 15 were living in Stockholm. The “thematic framework” approach was used to analyze the data. Three central themes were identified regarding people’s perceptions of physical activity: physical activity as self-expression, physical activity as interaction, and physical activity as health promotion. Participants’ perceptions of physical activity tended to relate to their perceived level of physical activity, regardless of their cultural background. Certain culture-specific motivators and barriers to exercise were also identified. Less active Irish men were more likely to underestimate the health-promoting benefits of exercise.

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