Commensal Microbes and Their Metabolites: Influence on Host Pathways in Health and Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 313-327
Author(s):  
Roberto Mendez ◽  
Sulagna Banerjee ◽  
Santanu Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Host Pathways

Targeting Host Pathways to Block HSV-1 at the Cornea

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Paul R. Kinchington
Keyword(s):  
Hsv 1 ◽  
Host Pathways

scholarly journals Viral Mimicry to Usurp Ubiquitin and SUMO Host Pathways

Viruses ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 4854-4872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wimmer ◽  
Sabrina Schreiner
Keyword(s):  
Viral Mimicry ◽  
Host Pathways

scholarly journals Editorial of Special Issue “The Interplay of Microbiome and Immune Response in Health and Diseases”

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Amedei ◽  
Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Host Pathways

Increasing data suggests and supports the idea that the gut microbiota (GM) modulates different host pathways, playing a crucial role in human physiology and consequently impacting in the development of some pathologic conditions [...]

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Toxins: Helicobacter Pylori CagA and VacA Modulate Host Pathways that Impact Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen R. Jones ◽  
Jeannette M. Whitmire ◽  
D. Scott Merrell
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Host Pathways

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of the early interaction between the grapevine flower andBotrytis cinereareveals that prompt activation of specific host pathways leads to fungus quiescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1409-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeraye Mehari Haile ◽  
Stefania Pilati ◽  
Paolo Sonego ◽  
Giulia Malacarne ◽  
Urska Vrhovsek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Specific Host ◽  
Early Interaction ◽  
Host Pathways

scholarly journals Use of RNA interference in Drosophila S2 cells to identify host pathways controlling compartmentalization of an intracellular pathogen

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (38) ◽  
pp. 13646-13651 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Cheng ◽  
J. P. M. Viala ◽  
N. Stuurman ◽  
U. Wiedemann ◽  
R. D. Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
S2 Cells ◽  
Drosophila S2 Cells ◽  
Host Pathways

scholarly journals Bladder Exposure to Gardnerella Activates Host Pathways Necessary for Escherichia coli Recurrent UTI

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie P. O’Brien ◽  
Amanda L. Lewis ◽  
Nicole M. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Orphan Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Host Pathways

Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) are a costly clinical problem affecting millions of women worldwide each year. The majority of rUTI cases are caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Data from humans and mouse models indicate that some instances of rUTI are caused by UPEC emerging from latent reservoirs in the bladder. Women with vaginal dysbiosis, typically characterized by high levels of Gardnerella and other anaerobes, are at increased risk of UTI. Multiple studies have detected Gardnerella in urine collected by transurethral catheterization (to limit vaginal contamination), suggesting that some women experience routine urinary tract exposures. We recently reported that inoculation of Gardnerella into the bladder triggers rUTI from UPEC bladder reservoirs in a mouse model. Here we performed whole bladder RNA-seq to identify host pathways involved in Gardnerella-induced rUTI. We identified a variety host pathways differentially expressed in whole bladders following Gardnerella exposure, such as pathways involved in inflammation/immunity and epithelial turnover. At the gene level, we identified upregulation of Immediate Early (IE) genes, which are induced in various cell types shortly following stimuli like infection and inflammation. One such upregulated IE gene was the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (aka Nr4a1). Pilot experiments in Nur77-/- mice suggest that Nur77 is necessary for Gardnerella exposure to trigger rUTI from UPEC reservoirs. These findings demonstrate that bladder gene expression can be impacted by short-lived exposures to urogenital bacteria and warrant future examination of responses in distinct cell types, such as with single cell transcriptomic technologies. The biological validation studies in Nur77-/- mice lay the groundwork for future studies investigating Nur77 and the Immediate Early response in rUTI.

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