Qualitative Assessment of Palm Oil Mill Wastewater from Small-Scale Processing Mills in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
E. Awere ◽  
A. Bonoli ◽  
P. A. Obeng
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Study on Revitalization of a Small-Scale Biodiesel Plant with 6 tpd Capacity in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Khairil Amri ◽  
Imam Paryanto ◽  
Maharani Dewi Solikhah
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

<p>The aim of this study was to find a solution on revitalization of the biodiesel plant of 6 tons/day capacity in Serongga, Klumpang Hilir Sub-district, Kotabaru District at Province of South Kalimantan that managed by the Local Government of Kotabaru. Based on the surveys, the biodiesel plant has not worked properly for 3 years since the last commissioning. The reasons for the biodiesel plant not operating were caused by technical, management and economic problems. This paper studied the technical problem, calculation of the estimation cost for repair, replacement and installation of equipments and instruments, analysis of Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Treat (SWOT), and analysis of economic feasibility in the operation of biodiesel plant. Based on the SWOT Analysis, it was found that the operation of biodiesel plant was strongly influenced by the security of supply and price of raw material, local government efforts to penetrate the market, and increased added-value of by-product. To increase the economic value of the plant in the future, a review on the economic and sensitivity analysis of several options was conducted. The available solutions were to revitalize the plant and operate the plant at the existing location (Scenario 0), to integrate biodiesel plant into a nearby palm oil mill (Scenario 1) and to move the plant at the mining site (Scenario 2). Economic calculation analysis results that integrating biodiesel plant with palm oil mill nearby was the best option (Scenario 1). Based on sensitivity analysis of Scenario 1, financial margin was strongly influenced by the CPO, methanol and biodiesel prices</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Biodiesel Plant, Revitalization, SWOT, Economic Analysis, Integration <br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Analysis on the feasibility of small-scale biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME) – Study case: Palm oil mill in Riau-Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
A P Nuryadi ◽  
A Raksodewanto A ◽  
H Susanto ◽  
Y Peryoga
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Calculated Liquid ◽  
Very High

The province of Riau has the most significant palm oil plantation in Indonesia which has the potential of the palm oil mill effluent (POME). One way to use this liquid waste is by the anaerobic process into biogas to generate electricity. Based on the assumption of calculated liquid waste can produce biogas about 538 m3 / hour or equal to 4,600 MJ / hour potentially generate electricity about 1 MW. This paper discusses the scheme of the POME Biogas Power Plant project which benefits the palm oil mill which is Built-operate-transfer (BOT) with a duration of 15 years selected as a reference. With this duration obtained IRR of 17.47% higher than at WACC of 15.61% and a payback period of 5.63 years. The 15-year duration gives Investor resilience in case of an increase of loan interest rate to 13% during the repayment period. Also, the use of alternative schemes that may be pursued by biogas products from cleaned digesters is then used as gas fuel to operate diesel generators. Plant Alternative for BOT duration for five years. The project is very feasible to be implemented with a very high IRR (37.56%) score when compared to WACC (15.61%).

Economic Scenario of Cellulase Enzyme Production Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 723-726
Author(s):  
A.N. Mustafizul Karim ◽  
M.A.H. Hamdan ◽  
M. Zahangir Alam ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This paper presents an analysis on the economic suitability of a large scale plant for the production of cellulase enzyme from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Based on the data and other relevant information gathered from indigenous operation of a lab and a pilot scale bio-reactors (30L and 300L capacities), a predicted evaluation of economic aspects of enzyme production with a 3000L bioreactor has been made. Factors such as the initial price and installation cost, the expenses for raw materials, operation and maintenance of the plant, overhead, utilities, logistics etc. were considered. Enzyme output from the proposed bioreactor was estimated depending on the optimum operational conditions established by the small scale investigation. Net present value (NPV) of the project was evaluated by using the discounted cash-flow analysis. With a conservative view of 5% escalation of recurring costs and a target of 70% capacity utilization an NPV of MYR 2,5 million was found to be achievable for a 10% discount rate and a plant life of 10 years,. Economic scenario developed for 50-100% range capacity utilization indicating the NPV can be helpful in making decisions for implementation of such plants. Thus production of cellulase enzyme from POME using a 3000L bioreactor is found to be economically attractive.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Abu Cangkang dan Serat Kelapa Sawit dari Boiler untuk Pembuatan Bata Beton Ringan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi ◽  
Kurniawaty Kurniawaty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Oil Fuel

Research of  the utilization solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from boiler as row materials  for manufacturing light concrete brick has been conducted. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential use solid waste of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers as row materials for manufacturing light concrete brick has recently attracted for an alternative environmentally sustainable application. In this study, light concrete brick made with various proportions of palm oil fuel ash from palm oil mill boilers and sand were fabricated and studied under laboratory scales. Percentage of palm oil fuel ash of 0% as a control,  10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, replacement  sand, wheras others materials such as Portland cement, lime, gypsum, foaming agent and aluminium with the numbers constant. The quality of light concreate brick   were applied followed by the compressive strength test, density and water absorption capacity. The study discovered that the compressive strength for all composition meet the recommended value to light structural of 6.89 MPa as prescribed in SNI 03-3449-2002. In the same manner density of light concrete brick for all proportion under the maximum density recommended value of 1400 Kg/m3 according to SNI 03-3449-2002. While water absorption capacity of increased by the increasing use of ashes. Therefore, palm oil fuel ash from boiler can be used as raw material for the light concrete brick which is  environmental friendly because using solid waste and also an alternative handling solid waste.ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan limbah padat abu cangkang dan serat kelapa sawit dari boiler sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sebagai bahan pembuatan bata beton ringan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengelolaan lingkungan yang bekelanjutan. Dalam penelitian ini, bata beton ringan dibuat dengan berbagai komposisi abu boiler dan pasir yang diproduksi dalam  skala laboratorium. Persentase dari abu berturut-turut 0% sebagai kontrol, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% dan 60% mensubtitusi pasir, sedangkan bahan lain yaitu semen, kapur, gypsum,  foaming  agent serta aluminium pasta dengan jumlah tetap. Mutu bata beton ringan yang diujikan adalah kuat tekan, bobot jenis dan daya serap air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan untuk semua komposisi memenuhi batas minimum yang dipersyaratkan untuk stuktural ringan yaitu 6,89 MPa sesuai SNI 03-3449-2002. Demikian pula bobot jenis dari bata ringan yang dihasilkan masih dibawah dari batas maksimum yang direkomendasikan SNI 03-3449-2002 yaitu maksimal 1400 Kg/m3. Sedangkan daya serap air mengalami kenaikan dengan naiknya jumlah abu yang digunakan . Limbah padat abu boiler berbahan bakar cangkang dan serat sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata beton ringan yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan menjadi salah satu alternatif pengelolaan limbah. Kata kunci :  Abu cangkang kelapa sawit,  bata beton ringan, bobot jenis,  daya serap air,  limbah,  kuat tekan

Teknologi Esktrasi dan Cara Pemisahannya untuk Mendapatkan Kembali Karotenoid dari Minyak Sawit : Suatu Tinjauan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Agus Sudibyo ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Molecular Product ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Selection Of

Crude palm oil (CPO)is the richest natural plant source of carotenoids in terms of retinol (pro-vitamin A) equivalent, whereas palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated from palm oil industry that contains oil and carotenes that used to be treated before discharge. Carotenoids are importance in animals and humans for the purpose of the enhancement of immune response, conversion of vitamin A and scavenging of oxygen radicals. This component has different nutritional  functions and benefits to humaan health. The growing interest in the other natural sources of beta-carotene and growing awareness to prevent pollution has stimulated the industrial use of CPO and POME as a raw material for carotenoids extraction. Various technologies of extraction and separation have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids.This article reports on various technologies that have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids from being destroyed in commercial refining of palm oil and effects of some various treatments on the extraction end separation for carotenoid from palm oil and carotenoids concentration. Principally, there are different technologies, and there is one some future which is the use of solvent. Solvent plays important role  in the most technologiest, however the problem of solvents which are used is that they posses potentiaal fire health and environmental hazards. Hence selection of the  most safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective solvent is important to design of alternative extraction methods.Chemical molecular product design is one of the methods that are becoming more popular nowadays for finding solvent with the desired properties prior to experimental testing.ABSTRAKMinyak sawit kasar merupakan sumber karotenoid terkaya yang berasal dari tanaman sawit sebagai senyawa yang sama dengan retinol atau pro-vitamin A; sedangkan limbah pengolahan minyak sawit dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan minyak sawit yang berisi minyak dan karotene yang perlu diberi perlakuan terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang. Karotenoid merupakan bahan penting yang diperlukan pada hewan dan manusia guna memperkuat tanggapan terhadap kekebalan, konversi ke vitamin A dan penangkapan gugus oksigen radikal. Dengan berkembangnya ketertarikan dalam mencari beta-karotene yang bersumber dari alam lain dan meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mencegah adanya pencemaran lingkungan, maka mendorong suatu industri untuk menggunakan CPO dan POME sebagai bahan baku untuk diekstrak karotenoidnya. Berbagai macam teknologi guna mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid telah dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan kembali karotenoidnya. Makalah ini melaporkan dan membahas berbagai jenis teknologi yang telah dikembangkan guna mendapatkan kembali senyawa karotenoid dari kerusakan di dalam proses pemurnian minyak sawit secara komersial dan pengaruh beberapa perlakuan terhadap ekstrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid dari minyak sawit dan konsentrasi karotenoidnya. Pada prinsipnya, berbagai teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid terdapat perbedaan, dan terdapat salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk esktrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid adalah menggunakan bahan pelarut. Pelarut yang digunakan mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam teknologi ekstrasi; namun pelarut yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak tersebut mempunyai persoalan karena berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan dan membahayakan cemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan jenis teknologi yang aman, ramah terhadap lingkungan dan biaya yang efektif untuk penggunaan pelarut merupakan hal penting sebelum dilakukan desain metode/teknologi alternatif untuk esktrasi karotenoid. Pola produk molekuler kimia merupakan salah satu metode yang saat ini menjadi lebih populer untuk mencari pelarut dengan sifat-sifat yang dikehendaki sebelum diujicobakan. Kata kunci :    karotenoid, ekstrasi, pemisahan, teknologi, minyak sawit kasar, limbah industri pengolahan sawit.

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