scholarly journals Promoting Sustainable Mobility in Tourist Destinations: Mobility Center 2.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Ingrid Briesner
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Road Congestion ◽  
Private Car ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Vitality ◽  
Ecological Tourism

AbstractOver the past decades, leisure-related mobility in European regions has increased continuously, especially in tourist destinations. New mobility patterns put enormous strain on sustainability issues in tourist regions, which are particularly vulnerable in this regard since the amount of individual mobility often is higher than in non-tourist regions leading to road congestion, seasonal changes of transport demand causing capacity problems, and high level of private car use increasing the need for parking spaces, etc. The rising importance of ecological tourism demands new perspectives of the tourist destinations in establishing new sustainable mobility structures and strategies for supporting regional economic development. Mobility Centers 2.0 are an efficient tool to reduce individual car use and the negative impact of visitor’s travel in tourist regions, as well as to upgrade the quality of the leisure offer and the external image of the region. They can help to strengthen tourist regions as growth poles and improve the economic vitality of the targeted destination.

scholarly journals Shared Mobility Services in Malta: User Needs and Perceptions

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Suzanne Maas ◽  
Maria Attard
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Small Island ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Island State ◽  
Shared Mobility ◽  
Private Car ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Small Island State

AbstractMalta is a small island state home to nearly half a million inhabitants. It is a major tourist destination in the Mediterranean, with visitor numbers totalling 2.6 million in 2018. There are 799 vehicles for every thousand inhabitants and the modal split shows a 74.6% reliance on the car. Ownership and use of private cars are at an all-time high in Malta. This dependence on the car has increased congestion and given rise to parking issues in many localities, taken-up limited space in the urban area, increased air and noise pollution, and created accessibility problems for pedestrians and cyclists. Shared mobility services (bicycle, car, scooter sharing) have been introduced in Malta very recently. Malta is one of the case study sites in the CIVITAS DESTINATIONS project, which focused on sustainable mobility in tourist destinations. As part of the project, a survey was conducted to understand the awareness and acceptance of these shared mobility services by Maltese residents (n = 1,100). Insights from this survey used to understand user needs and perceptions in light of such mobility innovations and what might encourage people to start using them as an alternative to private car use.

Peluang Transportasi Publik dalam Pangsa Pasar Pengguna Akses Darat Bandara Soekarno-Hatta

WARTA ARDHIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-280
Author(s):  
Tito Yusmar
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Road Congestion ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Private Car

The growth of air transportation gives negative impact in its ground access system in which the flow of people who accessing the airport creates road congestion. This problem is also supported with the highly dependence of people on private car use and leave public transport as unattractive mode to be used in accessing the airport. This research attempts to find out which travel attributes of transportation mode that influence the mode choice of people who accessing the airport as the ground access users. Taking one case study at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta, Indonesia, the data are collected from this airport through survey process. Further, the statistical methods are conducted to get the results. Six determined travel attributes; cost, travel time, walking distance, ease of transfer, ease of carrying luggage and comfort, significantly influence and give differences on the user’s mode choice in which four of them; walking distance, ease of transfer, ease of carrying luggage and comfort, are being perceived very satisfactory for car. The research concludes with potential steps in improving public transportation which give access to the airport that might help attract more people to use it and increase its mode share. Pertumbuhan transportasi udara membawa dampak negatif bagi jalur akses darat menuju bandara dimana kepadatan dan kemacetan jalan semakin meningkat seiring bertambahnya jumlah orang yang mengakses bandara. Permasalahan ini turut didukung oleh tingginya ketergantungan masyarakat dalam menggunakan kendaraan pribadi sementara transportasi publik hanya menjadi alternatif yang dinilai tidak menarik untuk digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari dan menilai atribut perjalanan dari moda transportasi yang digunakan untuk mengakses bandara yang memengaruhi pilihan moda pengguna akses darat bandara. Dengan mengambil satu studi kasus di bandara internasional Soekarno-Hatta di Jakarta, Indonesia, survey dilakukan sebagai proses pengumpulan data. Enam atribut perjalanan, yaitu biaya, waktu tempuh, jarak berjalan, kemudahan transfer, kemudahan membawa barang bawaan, dan kenyamanan, secara signifikan memengaruhi dan memberikan perbedaan terhadap pemilihan moda dimana empat atribut diantaranya, yaitu jarak berjalan, kemudahan transfer, kemudahan membawa barang bawaan, dan kenyamanan, dinilai sangat memuaskan untuk moda mobil pribadi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini mendorong langkah-langkah potensial dalam meningkatkan daya saing transportasi publik yang digunakan untuk mengakses bandara sehingga dapat menarik lebih banyak pengguna dan meningkatkan pangsa pasarnya.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ride-Hailing Services on Private Car Use in Urban Areas: An Examination in Chinese Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jun Zhong ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Siqi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The rapid development of internet-based ride-hailing services has contributed to transportation in cities and, at the same time, has significantly impacted existing travel modes in cities. A question has emerged as to whether and to what extent ride-hailing services replace private car use. Although the private car is convenient, comfortable, and flexible, it has low utilization rate and high maintenance and parking costs. Better understanding of the relationship between ride-hailing services and the use of private cars has been brought to the forefront for auto dealers and urban transportation policymakers. However, controversies remain regarding how ride-hailing services will impact the use of private cars in cities. Given this setting, our study applied a difference-in-differences method to analyze the impact of ride-hailing services on the use of private cars with balanced panel data from 109 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2016. Moreover, we employed some methods to verify the robustness of the preliminary results. The empirical results show that ride-hailing services had a negative impact on the use of private cars in urban areas. Over time, the negative impact initially strengthened and then weakened. Further studies showed that ride-hailing services had a more significant negative impact on private car use in eastern cities than in western cities. The results showed that the influence of ride-hailing services on private car use in urban areas is heterogeneous across time and cities.

Drivers and Barriers of Households’ Carsharing Decisions

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110067
Author(s):  
Raïsa Carmen ◽  
Luc Alaerts ◽  
Kris Bachus ◽  
Donald A. Chapman ◽  
Johan Eyckmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Household Decisions ◽  
Private Car ◽  
A Company

Based on a survey of 2,106 individuals, this study aims to get a better understanding of the attitudes toward carsharing in Flanders, Belgium. Several drivers and barriers that influence household decisions to participate in a carsharing system are identified. An ordinal logit model reveals that highly educated, younger males with high ecological concerns are more likely to share cars. It is shown that living in a rural environment or owning a company car are important barriers. A parking policy aimed at discouraging private car use while stimulating sustainable mobility choices appears to be an interesting avenue for future research.

scholarly journals Treatment patterns and appropriateness of antipsychotic prescriptions in patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Gamón ◽  
Isabel Hurtado ◽  
José Salazar-Fraile ◽  
Gabriel Sanfélix-Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
High Level

AbstractSchizophrenia is a chronic mental condition presenting a wide range of symptoms. Although it has a low prevalence compared to other mental conditions, it has a negative impact on social and occupational functions. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of antipsychotic medications administered to schizophrenic patients and describe current treatment patterns for schizophrenia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in all patients over the age of 15 with an active diagnosis of schizophrenia and treated with antipsychotics between 2008 and 2013 in the Valencia region. A total of 19,718 patients were eligible for inclusion. The main outcome assessed was inappropriateness of the pharmacotherapeutic management, including polypharmacy use. Altogether, 30.4% of patients received antipsychotic polypharmacy, and 6.8% were prescribed three or more antipsychotics. Overdosage affected 318 individuals (1.6%), and 21.5% used concomitant psychotropics without an associated psychiatric diagnosis. Women and people with a comorbid condition like anxiety or depression were less likely to receive antipsychotic polypharmacy. In contrast, increased polypharmacy was associated with concomitant treatment with other psychoactive drugs, and only in user on maintenance therapy, with more visits to the mental health hospital. Overall, we observed a high level of inappropriateness in antipsychotic prescriptions. Greater adherence to guidelines could maximize the benefits of antipsychotic medications while minimizing risk of adverse effects.

scholarly journals Overview of the Genetic Diversity of African Macrotermes (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) and Implications for Taxonomy, Ecology and Food Science

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Egan ◽  
Zwannda Nethavhani ◽  
Barbara van Asch
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Cryptic Diversity ◽  
African Species ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
High Level

Macrotermes termites play important ecological roles and are consumed by many communities as a delicacy and dietary complement throughout Africa. However, lack of reliable morphological characters has hampered studies of Macrotermes diversity in a wide range of scientific fields including ecology, phylogenetics and food science. In order to place our preliminary assessment of the diversity of Macrotermes in South Africa in context, we analysed a comprehensive dataset of COI sequences for African species including new and publicly available data. Phylogenetic reconstruction and estimates of genetic divergence showed a high level of incongruity between species names and genetic groups, as well as several instances of cryptic diversity. We identified three main clades and 17 genetic groups in the dataset. We propose that this structure be used as a background for future surveys of Macrotermes diversity in Africa, thus mitigating the negative impact of the present taxonomic uncertainties in the genus. The new specimens collected in Limpopo fell into four distinct genetic groups, suggesting that the region harbours remarkable Macrotermes diversity relative to other African regions surveyed in previous studies. This work shows that African Macrotermes have been understudied across the continent, and that the genus contains cryptic diversity undetectable by classic taxonomy. Furthermore, these results may inform future taxonomic revisions in Macrotermes, thus contributing to advances in termitology.

Psychological resistance against attempts to reduce private car use

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Tertoolen ◽  
Dik van Kreveld ◽  
Ben Verstraten
Keyword(s):  
Car Use ◽  
Private Car

Analysis of the state of the migration process of the ukrainian population in the context of domestic and international levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
M. Shkurat ◽  
K. Pavlotska
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
High Level

Analysis of the migration process of the Ukrainian population, which takes place within the state and at the international level during 2014–2019 is carried out in this paper. On the basis of scientific works of domestic scientists and institutes the problems which have not been investigated, and also aspects which have been solved partially are defined. The negative consequences of the Ukrainian migration process on the state of the country are identified. The classification of migration flows of the Ukrainian population according to the reasons of movement is carried out. The main regions and countries which, as of the beginning of 2021, are more attractive to compatriots and are characterized by significant influxes of Ukrainians are identified. The main centers of departure – regions and countries – which are characterized by high level of outflow of Ukrainians are determined, the main problems and reasons that motivate the outflow of Ukrainians are highlighted in this paper. The level of growth of the Ukrainian population in terms of migration flows is defined. The investigation of Ukrainian diasporas, territorial location and analysis of their share in comparison is carried out. The main factors that force the Ukrainian population to move, which affects the demographic situation in Ukraine, the level of employment, as well as the amount of cash flows to the country and the state of the economy as a whole are identified. The main regulations and identified solutions to the migration flows of the domestic population, which were approved and implemented in the period from 2001 to 2019 are compared in this paper. On the basis of current and newly introduced strategies, critical analysis of the ways of regulating the migration process of the Ukrainian population is carried out, the main aspects and problems of the implemented migration policy of Ukraine are determined. The results of the work are to identify the main ways to reduce the negative impact of the migration process on the country's economy and related processes, and strategies to benefit from the movement of citizens of Ukraine, namely: introduction of intellectual security, revision of wages by region, stimulating the process of attracting technology in all spheres of activity and formation of the social protection system.

CITY PARK AS A NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PARK OF THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF VLKSM IN THE CITY OF YEKATERINBURG)

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
L. I. ATKINA ◽  
◽  
L. V. BULATOVA ◽  
L. P. ABRAMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
City Park

Based on a comprehensive assessment of the state of the park landscape, the level of its anthropogenic transformation is determined, which is necessary to identify the potential for restoring the natural biodiversity of the object. It is reported that the plantations and soil cover of the park of the 50th anniversary of VLKSM are very heterogeneous; they reflect the history of park establishment. The soil cover consists of three main types: sod, bog and urbanozem. It should be stressed that the best preserved part of the park is the plot with boggy soils around the pond. Herbaceous plants growing on the plot are very similar to the species composition of the ground cover of overgrown peat bogs. Over the 40 years since the foundation of the park, a high level of pollutants has been accumulated in the soil, which allows us to state that the negative impact occurs constantly. Consequently, the existing plantings are insufficient to protect visitors from vehicle emissions from the roads along Yasnaya and Shaumyana streets. There are enough natural elements in the park of the 50th anniversary of VLKSM; this should be taken into account in its redevelopment. There is an opportunity to restore the reservoir and return the plantings to their natural appearance. It is proposed to add elements of landscape decoration in the park.

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