scholarly journals Democratic Discourse in the Digital Public Sphere: Re-imagining Copyright Enforcement on Online Social Media Platforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Sunimal Mendis
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Content Sharing ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Democratic Discourse ◽  
Copyright Enforcement

AbstractWithin the current European Union (EU) online copyright enforcement regime—of which Article 17 of the Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive [2019] constitutes the seminal legal provision—the role of online content-sharing service providers (OCSSPs) is limited to ensuring that copyright owners obtain fair remuneration for content shared over their platforms (role of “content distributors”) and preventing unauthorized uses of copyright-protected content (“Internet police”). Neither role allows for a recognition of OCSSPs’ role as facilitators of democratic discourse and the duty incumbent on them to ensure that users’ freedom to engage in democratic discourse are preserved. This chapter proposes a re-imagining of the EU legal framework on online copyright enforcement—using the social planning theory of copyright law as a normative framework—to increase its fitness for preserving and promoting copyright law’s democracy-enhancing function.

A market-based rationale for the privacy paradox

2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372110158
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Akanbi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Privacy Paradox ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Privacy Risks ◽  
Social Collective

Moving beyond the current focus on the individual as the unit of analysis in the privacy paradox, this article examines the misalignment between privacy attitudes and online behaviors at the level of society as a collective. I draw on Facebook’s market performance to show how despite concerns about privacy, market structures drive user, advertiser and investor behaviors to continue to reward corporate owners of social media platforms. In this market-oriented analysis, I introduce the metaphor of elasticity to capture the responsiveness of demand for social media to the data (price) charged by social media companies. Overall, this article positions social media as inelastic, relative to privacy costs; highlights the role of the social collective in the privacy crises; and ultimately underscores the need for structural interventions in addressing privacy risks.

scholarly journals Twitter in Marketing Practice of the Religious Media. An Empirical Study on Catholic Weeklies in Poland

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Iwona Leonowicz-Bukała ◽  
Andrzej Adamski ◽  
Anna Jupowicz-Ginalska
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channel ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Religious Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Marketing Tool

This article presents the partial conclusion of the research project devoted to marketing activity of Polish Catholic opinion-forming weeklies on the social media platforms. The main aim of this article is to present the results of the study on the use of Twitter as a marketing tool by Polish nationwide Catholic opinion-forming weeklies. The basic research questions concerned the extent of utilizing the platform by the magazines’ editors to create and distribute the content of their media product, maintain and develop brand communication and self-promotion. The case studies and the content analysis of the accounts of the three magazines—Gość Niedzielny, Tygodnik Katolicki Niedziela and Przewodnik Katolicki—show that there are three different ways in how the editors of the magazines understand the role of the Twitter account of the title they represent—as an ‘active communicator’, ‘active communicator and community supporter’ or ‘community supporter’. The conclusions show that the studied media fairly efficiently use the visual and distributional potential of the platform as well as some of its features, at the same time missing the chance to build a brand-loyal community. They also limit the role of Twitter to that of a supplement for the main communication channel, which is the printed weekly and its website.

scholarly journals Role of the Ombudsman for Children in Protection of the Rights of Children Who Raising in Adoptive Families

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-319
Author(s):  
O. N. Tuzova ◽  
D. N. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Adoptive Families ◽  
Related Form ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation

The topic of the article is interdisciplinary. The practice of psychological and pedagogical support for children raised in guardianship families shows the need for psychological and legal assistance. The aim is to develop proposals for the organization of a legal and regulatory framework in accordance with the social and psychological needs of guardianship families and to identify the possibilities of the Ombudsman for the Rights of the Child to protect the rights of minors raised in guardianship families. The article identifies the current problems of guardianship families and considers the existing legal framework for the protection of the rights of minors raised in families with a related form of guardianship. One of the main problems of psychological and pedagogical support for children raised in families with a related form of guardianship is the absence of a coordinating center for the organization of cooperation between educational organizations, guardianship bodies, centers for psychological, pedagogical, medical, and social assistance. The Ombudsman for the Rights of the Child may be the focal point. It is also proposed to establish, based on the offices of the Ombudsmen for the Rights of the Child, centers for the support of guardianship families in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, to which both guardians and children can apply. These measures are aimed at preventing secondary orphans.

Organizing, Organizations, and the Role of Social Media Conversations

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
Veronica R. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Communicative Theory

This chapter traces the concept of organizational identity in organization theory and places it in the social media context. It proposes that organizational communication theories intellectually based in the “linguistic turn” (e.g., the Montreal School Approach to how communication constitutes organizations, communicative theory of the firm) are well positioned to illuminate the constitutive capabilities of identity-bound interaction on social media. It suggest that social media is more than another organizational tool for communication with stakeholders in that it affords interactants the opportunity to negotiate foundational organizational practices: organizational identity, boundaries, and membership, in public. In this negotiative process, the organizing role of the stakeholder is emphasized and legitimized by organizational participation and engagement on social media platforms. The Montreal School Approach's conversation–text dialectic and the communicative theory of the firm's conceptualization of organizations as social, are two useful concepts when making sense of organization–stakeholder interaction in the social media context.

scholarly journals Quarantining online hate speech: technical and ethical perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Ullmann ◽  
Marcus Tomalin
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Speech Detection ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Psychological Harm ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Harmful Content

Abstract In this paper we explore quarantining as a more ethical method for delimiting the spread of Hate Speech via online social media platforms. Currently, companies like Facebook, Twitter, and Google generally respond reactively to such material: offensive messages that have already been posted are reviewed by human moderators if complaints from users are received. The offensive posts are only subsequently removed if the complaints are upheld; therefore, they still cause the recipients psychological harm. In addition, this approach has frequently been criticised for delimiting freedom of expression, since it requires the service providers to elaborate and implement censorship regimes. In the last few years, an emerging generation of automatic Hate Speech detection systems has started to offer new strategies for dealing with this particular kind of offensive online material. Anticipating the future efficacy of such systems, the present article advocates an approach to online Hate Speech detection that is analogous to the quarantining of malicious computer software. If a given post is automatically classified as being harmful in a reliable manner, then it can be temporarily quarantined, and the direct recipients can receive an alert, which protects them from the harmful content in the first instance. The quarantining framework is an example of more ethical online safety technology that can be extended to the handling of Hate Speech. Crucially, it provides flexible options for obtaining a more justifiable balance between freedom of expression and appropriate censorship.

Reintegrating the Legal into the Social: Reviving Islamic Transactional Law in the Context of the Civil Economy, with Special Reference to Waqf

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-250
Author(s):  
Adi Setia
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Equilibrium ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
The Social ◽  
Civil Economy ◽  
Legal Strategies

Abstract The potentialities and role of Islamic transactional law (ITL) and its underpinning axio-teleological concepts are explored in the cause of reclaiming the development process. In the Islamic scheme of values, the economic enterprise is premised on the organization of livelihood for sufficiency rather than perpetual growth so as to ensure overall socio-economic equilibrium. In this respect, there are discernibly close conceptual, structural and functional connections between the socio-economic objectives of ITL and those of the civil economy (CE). By making intelligent use of these substantive connections between ITL and CE, one can then devise effective legal strategies to substantively revive the former by taking strategic advantage of the already existing legal framework governing the latter. Thus, alient aspects of ITL are discussed in terms of invisible structures serving as formal, socio-legal means toward organizing socio-economic sufficiency, with special reference to the institution of waqf (charitable endowment) as a case in point.

scholarly journals Role of the institutions of provincial government in resolving social problems of the population of the Belarusian provinces (1861–1914)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-317
Author(s):  
N. S. Motorova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Xix Century

The article describes the structure and powers of the provincial government in the implementation of the main directions of state social policy. It was noted that on theterritoryofBelarusthey played a major role in solving the social problems of the population due to the lack of zemstvos. The outdated legal framework and the lack of a clear division of functions hampered their effectiveness.In the mid 1880s regulatory committees were established in the structure of the provincial institutions. On the territory of the Belarusian provinces they played an important role in the implementation of social policy, as they controlled the financing of the rural­medical part and partly public charity. However, the experience of the activities of the regulatory committees was unsatisfactory. In this regard, at the end of the XIX century the Interior Ministry proposed to eliminate them, as well as to abolish the provincial food commissions and departments of public charity. It was planned to transfer their functions to the zemstvos. This proposal was implemented partially, as a result of the introduction of the institutions of local economy in theVitebsk,MinskandMogilevprovinces in 1903.At the end of the XIX century in the structure of the provincial administration ofBelaruswere created the offices which were entrusted with the functions of monitoring compliance with the workers’ legislation, and then the insurance of workers. They were formed under the influence of new social demands. These offices corresponded to new social and economic conditions, in contrast to the provincial institutions, which managed public charity, national food and health care.

scholarly journals Social Media Use in Cardiovascular Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purvi Parwani ◽  
James Lee ◽  
Omar K. Khalique ◽  
Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cardiac Imaging ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Physician Education ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Collaborative Discussion ◽  
Global World

: Social Media is a rising influence in the global world of cardiovascular medicine, allowing for a dynamic approach to physician education, research dissemination, and collaborative discussion. The visual nature of the social media platforms, particularly Twitter, lends itself particularly well to the tremendous advances and visually stunning imagery of cardiac imaging. The hashtag “#cardiotwitter” provides around the clock, asynchronous, ubiquitous, free of charge and timeless education. It allows connection among cardiac imagers across the world, with an ability to share ideas and discuss contemporary issues pertaining to multimodality imaging. This review highlights the role of social media in advancing the practice of cardiac imaging and provides guidance on gaining visibility in the social media imaging community.

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