The Dynamic Response of a Vertical Dry-Stone Masonry Assembly as a Mock-Up of Masonry Wall Fortifications

2021 ◽  
pp. 266-283
Author(s):  
George C. Manos ◽  
Lazaros Melidis ◽  
Olympia Felekidou ◽  
Konstantinos Katakalos
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Stone Masonry

An inventory of unreinforced load-bearing stone masonry buildings in New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Giaretton ◽  
Dmytro Dizhur ◽  
Francesca Da Porto ◽  
Jason M. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Building Inventory ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Canterbury Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Almost All

Almost all unreinforced stone masonry (URSM) buildings in New Zealand were constructed between 1860 and 1910, typically in regions where natural stone was sourced from local quarries, fields and rivers. These buildings form an important part of the country’s architectural heritage, but the performance of URSM buildings during earthquake induced shaking can differ widely due to many aspects related to the constituent construction materials and type of masonry wall cross-section morphology. Consequently, as a step towards gaining greater knowledge of the New Zealand URSM building stock and its features, an exercise was undertaken to identify and document the country-wide URSM building inventory. The compiled building inventory database includes: (i) general building information, such as address, building owner/tenant and building use; (ii) architectural configuration, such as approximate floor area, number of storeys, connection with other buildings, plan and elevation regularity; and (iii) masonry type, such as stone and mortar types, wall texture and wall cross-section morphology. From this exercise it is estimated that there is in excess of 668 URSM buildings currently in existence throughout New Zealand. A large number of these vintage URSM buildings require detailed seismic assessment and the implementation of seismic strengthening interventions in order to conserve and enhance this component of New Zealand’s cultural and national identity. The entire stock of identified buildings is reported in the appended annex (688 total), including 20 URSM buildings that were demolished following the Canterbury earthquake sequence.

scholarly journals Static and Impact Response of a Single-Span Stone Masonry Arch

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Bora Pulatsu ◽  
Semih Gonen ◽  
Paulo B. Lourenço
Keyword(s):  
High Strain ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Contact Stiffness ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
Masonry Arch

Unreinforced masonry structures are susceptible to man-made hazards such as impact and blast loading. However, the literature on this subject mainly focuses on masonry wall behavior, and there is a knowledge gap about the behavior of masonry arches under high-strain loading. In this context, this research aims to investigate both quasistatic and impact response of a dry-joint stone masonry arch using the discrete element method. Rigid blocks with noncohesive joint models are adopted to simulate dry-joint assemblages. First, the employed modeling strategy is validated utilizing the available experimental findings, and then sensitivity analyses are performed for both static and impact loading, considering the effect of joint friction angle, contact stiffness, and damping parameters. The outcomes of this research strengthen the existing knowledge in the literature regarding the computational modeling of masonry structures that are subjected to usual and extreme loading conditions. The results highlight that applied discontinuum-based numerical models are more sensitive to stiffness parameters in high-strain loading than static analysis.

scholarly journals Hygrothermal performance of a massive natural stone masonry wall insulated from the internal side with hemp concrete – field measurements in cold climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
Markus Pau ◽  
Targo Kalamees ◽  
Urve Kallavus
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Hygrothermal Performance ◽  
Moist Environment

Abstract Improving of exterior walls in historic and traditional buildings is often only possible with interior thermal insulation. The actual structure and material properties of the existing exterior wall are usually the main unknown factors. Therefore, field measurements with small mock-ups are helpful before large-scale renovation. The current study analyses by field measurements the hygrothermal performance of internally insulated massive stone wall. Two different hemp concrete mixes were developed for the insulation. Temperature and humidity conditions were measured periodically over one year period. Results showed a very low drying rate of hemp concrete interior insulation. The external side of hemp concrete insulation will stay moist for a very long period. Temperature of coarse hemp concrete was slightly higher during the cold period. Wooden studs used to install hemp concrete will stay in moist areas for a long period. Temperature drop below 0 °C shows that interior insulation should be durable for freezing-thawing cycles. Drying out of constructional moisture is absolutely necessary for hygrothermal design. Before considering large-scale renovations, it is necessary to further assess the long term durability and performance of hemp concrete in a moist environment. The temperature increase on the interior surface could slightly improve indoor thermal comfort.

Nonlinear dynamic response of stone masonry minarets under harmonic excitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 4813-4838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eser Çaktı ◽  
Özden Saygılı ◽  
José V. Lemos ◽  
Carlos S. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Response

scholarly journals A Model for In-Plane Capacity of Multi-Leaf Stone Masonry Walls

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jagat Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Sujit Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
Pushover Curve ◽  
New Construction

Masonry walls with distinct layers, known as multi-leaf masonry walls, are prevalent in many regions of the world including ancient architecture in Europe and new construction in the Himalayan region of South Asia. This paper presents a model for determining the capacity of multi-leaf stone masonry wall from its physical and mechanical parameters. For the study, a “Standard Wall” with typical properties of a multi-leaf stone masonry wall is defined and the capacity of the stone masonry wall is studied varying different physical and mechanical parameters of the wall to explore an analytical model that can represent the capacity of multi-leaf stone masonry. 300 models of multi-leaf stone masonry panels are analysed in ANSYS, and the capacity and displacement parameters are extracted by bilinearization of the pushover curve. As a result, a mathematical model between the capacity of a multi-leaf stone masonry wall and physical and mechanical properties is established.

scholarly journals Dynamic response of a damaging masonry wall

2017 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Addessi ◽  
Cristina Gatta ◽  
Fabrizio Vestroni
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Masonry Wall

scholarly journals Determination of the Deformed Shape of a Masonry Wall Exposed to Fire Loading by a Homogenization Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032076
Author(s):  
Elodie Donval ◽  
Duc Toan Pham ◽  
Ghazi Hassen ◽  
Patrick de Buhan ◽  
Didier Pallix
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Homogenization Method ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Calculation Procedure ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Thermomechanical Characteristics ◽  
Fire Loading ◽  
Wide Wall

Abstract The present contribution shows how it is possible to determine the homogenized thermo-elastic characteristics of a natural stone masonry wall, taking into account the material properties of stone and mortar as functions of temperature increase, as well as the geometrical characteristics of their assembly. Joints are incorporated in the analysis through a numerical homogenization procedure. As a result, membrane and bending stiffness coefficients, as well as thermal-induced efforts, of an equivalent plate are obtained. Such homogenized thermomechanical characteristics make it possible to determine the deformed shape of the wall after a certain time of fire exposure. As an example, the calculation procedure is performed on a particular configuration of infinitely wide wall, illustrating the influence of the joints on its thermal deformed shape. To assess the practical validity of this homogenization-based calculation procedure, results of the numerical homogenized model (incorporating joints) are compared to those of a homogeneous model (without joints), and to available experimental results obtained on a 3 m-high, 3 m-wide wall exposed to fire loading.

Green Maintenance for historic masonry buildings: an option appraisal approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brit Anak Kayan ◽  
Alan M. Forster ◽  
Phillip F.G. Banfill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Historic Masonry ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Maintenance Model ◽  
Calculation Procedures

Purpose – Sustainability is well understood to encapsulate economic, environmental and societal parameters. The efficiency of maintenance interventions for historic buildings is no exception and also conforms to these broad factors. Recently, environmental considerations for masonry repair have become increasingly important and this work supports this growing area. The purpose of this paper is to give insight on how an option appraisal approach of “Green Maintenance” modelling for historic masonry buildings repair practically determine and ultimately substantiate the decision-making process using a calculation procedures of life cycle assessment, within delineated boundaries. Design/methodology/approach – Calculation procedures of the model enables an assessment of embodied carbon that is expended from different stone masonry wall repair techniques and scenarios for historic masonry buildings during the maintenance phase. Findings – It recognises the importance roles Green Maintenance model can play in reducing carbon emissions and underpins rational decision making for repair selection. Practical implications – It must be emphasised that the calculation procedures presented here, is not confined to historic masonry buildings and can be applied to any repair types and building form. The decisions made as a result of the utilisation of this model practically support environmentally focused conservation decisions. Social implications – The implementation of the model highlights the efficacy of repairs that may be adopted. Originality/value – The paper is a rigorous application and testing of the Green Maintenance model. The model relays the “true” carbon cost of repairs contextualised within the longevity of the materials and its embodied carbon that consequently allows rational appraisal of repair and maintenance options.

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