Transitional Spaces: Between Indoor and Outdoor Spaces

2013 ◽  
pp. 14-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kray ◽  
Holger Fritze ◽  
Thore Fechner ◽  
Angela Schwering ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Comparison of thermal comfort in different kinds of building spaces: Field study in Guangzhou, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2098171
Author(s):  
Peihao Wu ◽  
Yuchun Zhang ◽  
Zhaosong Fang ◽  
Yafeng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Climate Index ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In addition to typical indoor and outdoor spaces, there are numerous transitional spaces in a building that are unlike indoor and outdoor spaces, where most people spend time for entertainment. There is a need to investigate the comparison between these three types of spaces, including indoor spaces, transitional spaces and outdoor spaces. In this study, the thermal responses and thermal environmental parameters of the indoor, outdoor and transitional spaces were simultaneously recorded. Values of standard effective temperature (SET*), physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) and universal thermal climate index (UTCI) were calculated, and relationships between mean thermal sensation vote (MTSV), SET*, PET and UTCI were also analysed. The results indicate that the air velocity fluctuation and mean radiant temperature of the outdoor space were more significant than those of other two spaces. The neutral thermal indices of the outdoor space were higher than those of the indoor and transitional spaces. Additionally, regression models between MTSV and thermal indices (SET*, PET and UTCI) were analysed. There are strong linear relationships between MTSV and SET* in all spaces. The linear relationships between MTSV were significant when compared with PET and UTCI. Thus, the adaption of thermal indices for evaluation of different spaces must be considered.

scholarly journals SARS-COV-2: SIR Model Limitations and Predictive Constraints

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Charles Roberto Telles ◽  
Henrique Lopes ◽  
Diogo Franco
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Background: The main purpose of this research is to describe the mathematical asymmetric patterns of susceptible, infectious, or recovered (SIR) model equation application in the light of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) skewness patterns worldwide. Methods: The research modeled severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) spreading and dissemination patterns sensitivity by redesigning time series data extraction of daily new cases in terms of deviation consistency concerning variables that sustain COVID-19 transmission. The approach opened a new scenario where seasonality forcing behavior was introduced to understand SARS-COV-2 non-linear dynamics due to heterogeneity and confounding epidemics scenarios. Results: The main research results are the elucidation of three birth- and death-forced seasonality persistence phases that can explain COVID-19 skew patterns worldwide. They are presented in the following order: (1) the environmental variables (Earth seasons and atmospheric conditions); (2) health policies and adult learning education (HPALE) interventions; (3) urban spaces (local indoor and outdoor spaces for transit and social-cultural interactions, public or private, with natural physical features (river, lake, terrain). Conclusions: Three forced seasonality phases (positive to negative skew) phases were pointed out as a theoretical framework to explain uncertainty found in the predictive SIR model equations that might diverge in outcomes expected to express the disease’s behaviour.

Natural Materials for Thermal Insulation and Passive Cooling Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laura Pisello ◽  
Federica Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In this chapter a critical analysis about natural materials to enhance energy performance and thermal comfort in indoor and outdoor spaces is dealt with. In particular, thermal insulation and passive cooling application in buildings are analyzed. The physical properties permitting to achieve these benefits are presented, as well as the method and the international standards to measure them. Benefits deriving from these materials’ employment as insulation layers or buildings envelope in general of, or in the case of urban paving, are described and then the single materials are illustrated.Experimental and numerical data, as reported in the bibliography, support the dissertation with examples from the most recent research contributions.

scholarly journals The Effect of School Design on Student Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ghasemi Ariani ◽  
Fatemeh Mirdad
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Private School ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
School Design ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Mashhad City ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

<p class="apa">The present study aims at exploring the influence of school design on student performance. The participants consisted of 150 students who studied at two Iranian public school and private school in Mashhad City. School Design and Planning Laboratory (SDPL) model of Georgia University (and Tanner (2009)) was used as an appraisal indicator of school design and some of its design characteristics such as unrestricted and functional views, indoor and outdoor spaces, and natural life were explained to students. In addition, student performance, defined by the average of their final achievement scores, was compared to measures of school environmental characteristics. To this end, design characteristics of these schools and students’ performances have been studied. Quantitative data, subjected to a set of descriptive statistics, showed that school design was a strong factor for students of private school. In fact, the finding indicated that characteristics of physical learning space and deign of private school had fundamental effects on student performance. That is, learning space as a strong component can motivate students to study and progress.</p>

scholarly journals Architectural typology of intergenerational shared sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Oxana Maslovsckaia ◽  
Alla Kopeva ◽  
Mariia Matveieva ◽  
Olga Ivanova ◽  
Olga Khrapko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Intergenerational Ties ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In the conditions of the modern world, there is an increasing socio-cultural gap between generations. To create sustainable development and functioning of society, to maintain its stability in the present and future, it is necessary to create conditions for strengthening intergenerational relations. All social programs must be accompanied by architectural programs, so there is a need for the architectural and urban planning transformation of the existing urban space in favor of the development of intergenerational ties. The purpose of this study is to determine the typological features of intergenerational centers based on a comparative analysis of existing facilities. Several different intergenerational shared sites examples around the world were analyzed. The analysis revealed a general typology of intergenerational environments: outdoor spaces for short-term intergenerational communication; indoor and outdoor spaces for intergenerational communication at centers; specialized housing estates and co-living buildings with public indoor and outdoor zones for intergenerational communication. The results of this work are the basis for further research, the purpose of which is to form the principles of an environment that promotes the development of intergenerational relations in Russian conditions and their approbation in the design of a residential area in Yakutsk.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Maintenance Factors in Ampel Mosque, Surabaya, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Sedayu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Maintenance Factors ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Level Of Importance ◽  
Work Stability ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Abstract The Ampel Mosque in Surabaya is an important historical site for Muslims in Indonesia. The architecture of the Ampel mosque is strongly influenced by Javanese and Arabic culture. a very harmonious integration between Javanese architecture as a form of authenticity and local wisdom in buildings, while Arabic architecture as a complementary and additional component. This research was, therefore, conducted to optimize the maintenance factor in the mosque building to ensure it functions properly and sustainably towards serving as a historic worship place for future generations. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to the congregants or users of the mosques and analyzed through optimization using a dynamic program based on the level of importance. The results showed seven maintenance factors including the complexity of construction and design, serviceability, building durability, security and safety, aesthetics of the building, user comfort, and maintenance capability. Moreover, the optimization process prioritized the ease in construction work, stability of the construction, durability against structural damage to the building, use of non-hazardous materials, aesthetics of the building, the comfort of indoor and outdoor spaces, and ease of maintenance. These are expected to be the focus of the mosque manager in maintaining the authenticity of the building components. This, therefore, means the Ampel Mosque building can be maintained as a religious tourism destination at the national and international levels in order to ensure its historical value is sustained while the local and national economy is improved.

scholarly journals Maintaining face-to-face contact during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal qualitative investigation in UK primary care

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0036
Author(s):  
Andrew Turner ◽  
Anne Scott ◽  
Jeremy Horwood ◽  
Chris Salisbury ◽  
Rachel Denholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interview ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

BackgroundIn March 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic required a rapid reconfiguration of UK general practice to minimise face-to-face contact with patients to reduce infection risk. However, some face-to-face contact remained necessary and practices needed to ensure such contact could continue safely.AimTo examine how practices determined when face-to-face contact was necessary and how face-to-face consultations were reconfigured to reduce COVID-19 infection risk.Design & settingQualitative interview study in general practices in Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire.MethodLongitudinal semi-structured interviews with clinical and managerial practice staff at four timepoints between May and July 2020.ResultsPractices worked flexibly within general national guidance to determine when face-to-face contact with patients was necessary, influenced by knowledge of the patient, experience, and practice resilience. For example, practices prioritised patients according to clinical need using face-to-face contact to resolve clinician uncertainty or provide adequate reassurance to patients. To make face-to-face contact as safe as possible and keep patients separated, practices introduced a heterogeneous range of measures that exploited features of their indoor and outdoor spaces and altered their appointment processes. As national restrictions eased in June and July, the number and proportion of patients seen face-to-face generally increased. However, the reconfiguration of buildings and processes reduced the available capacity and put increased pressure on practices.ConclusionPractices responded rapidly and creatively to the initial lockdown restrictions. The variety of ways practices organised face-to-face contact to minimise infection highlights the need for flexibility in guidance.

scholarly journals Enhancing Learning With Outdoor Experiential Support Spaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Science Curriculum ◽  
Traditional Classroom ◽  
Learning Spaces ◽  
School Students ◽  
Elementary Curriculum ◽  
Maria Montessori ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

There is substantial evidence that primary school students whose education incorporates outdoor settings benefit from this addition to traditional classroom learning. Educational theories introduced by John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and Rudolph Steiner have provided a significant foundation for experiential learning in natural outdoor settings. This thesis explores educational environments that combine indoor and outdoor spaces. The result of this research is the design of three learning spaces sited in a natural environment that support education in a natural science curriculum. These three environments are proposed to supplement the provincial elementary curriculum, and involve three different natural conditions. These outdoor classrooms will provide children with exposure to the natural environment even as they learn within the boundaries of a controlled setting.

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