scholarly journals Optimization of the Maintenance Factors in Ampel Mosque, Surabaya, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Sedayu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Maintenance Factors ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Level Of Importance ◽  
Work Stability ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Abstract The Ampel Mosque in Surabaya is an important historical site for Muslims in Indonesia. The architecture of the Ampel mosque is strongly influenced by Javanese and Arabic culture. a very harmonious integration between Javanese architecture as a form of authenticity and local wisdom in buildings, while Arabic architecture as a complementary and additional component. This research was, therefore, conducted to optimize the maintenance factor in the mosque building to ensure it functions properly and sustainably towards serving as a historic worship place for future generations. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to the congregants or users of the mosques and analyzed through optimization using a dynamic program based on the level of importance. The results showed seven maintenance factors including the complexity of construction and design, serviceability, building durability, security and safety, aesthetics of the building, user comfort, and maintenance capability. Moreover, the optimization process prioritized the ease in construction work, stability of the construction, durability against structural damage to the building, use of non-hazardous materials, aesthetics of the building, the comfort of indoor and outdoor spaces, and ease of maintenance. These are expected to be the focus of the mosque manager in maintaining the authenticity of the building components. This, therefore, means the Ampel Mosque building can be maintained as a religious tourism destination at the national and international levels in order to ensure its historical value is sustained while the local and national economy is improved.

scholarly journals SARS-COV-2: SIR Model Limitations and Predictive Constraints

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 676
Author(s):  
Charles Roberto Telles ◽  
Henrique Lopes ◽  
Diogo Franco
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Background: The main purpose of this research is to describe the mathematical asymmetric patterns of susceptible, infectious, or recovered (SIR) model equation application in the light of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) skewness patterns worldwide. Methods: The research modeled severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) spreading and dissemination patterns sensitivity by redesigning time series data extraction of daily new cases in terms of deviation consistency concerning variables that sustain COVID-19 transmission. The approach opened a new scenario where seasonality forcing behavior was introduced to understand SARS-COV-2 non-linear dynamics due to heterogeneity and confounding epidemics scenarios. Results: The main research results are the elucidation of three birth- and death-forced seasonality persistence phases that can explain COVID-19 skew patterns worldwide. They are presented in the following order: (1) the environmental variables (Earth seasons and atmospheric conditions); (2) health policies and adult learning education (HPALE) interventions; (3) urban spaces (local indoor and outdoor spaces for transit and social-cultural interactions, public or private, with natural physical features (river, lake, terrain). Conclusions: Three forced seasonality phases (positive to negative skew) phases were pointed out as a theoretical framework to explain uncertainty found in the predictive SIR model equations that might diverge in outcomes expected to express the disease’s behaviour.

Transitional Spaces: Between Indoor and Outdoor Spaces

2013 ◽  
pp. 14-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kray ◽  
Holger Fritze ◽  
Thore Fechner ◽  
Angela Schwering ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

scholarly journals The efficiency of a dynamically insulated wall in the presence of air leakages

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Angela Kalagasidis-Sasic
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Dynamic Insulation ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Alternative Designs ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

The movement of air in and through the building envelope often plays a leading role in the transport of heat and moisture into the building. It is caused by pressure and temperature variations around the building envelope inbuilt ventilation system, occupancy, etc. In order to improve the energy consumption, alternative designs for the ventilation systems are considered. One of them is a dynamically insulated wall as an inlet unit for the supplying air. In order to predict the performance of a dynamically insulated wall, it is necessary to make an analysis of the building as a system. This paper presents such system analysis which takes into account the interaction between the building components and indoor and outdoor climate, both in terms of the air leakage and heat and mass transfer to and from the building components. It is shown that, in the presence of air leakages (unintentional openings) in the enclosure of the building, the efficiency of the dynamic insulation is significantly decreased.

Natural Materials for Thermal Insulation and Passive Cooling Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laura Pisello ◽  
Federica Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In this chapter a critical analysis about natural materials to enhance energy performance and thermal comfort in indoor and outdoor spaces is dealt with. In particular, thermal insulation and passive cooling application in buildings are analyzed. The physical properties permitting to achieve these benefits are presented, as well as the method and the international standards to measure them. Benefits deriving from these materials’ employment as insulation layers or buildings envelope in general of, or in the case of urban paving, are described and then the single materials are illustrated.Experimental and numerical data, as reported in the bibliography, support the dissertation with examples from the most recent research contributions.

scholarly journals The Effect of School Design on Student Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ghasemi Ariani ◽  
Fatemeh Mirdad
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Private School ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
School Design ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Mashhad City ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

<p class="apa">The present study aims at exploring the influence of school design on student performance. The participants consisted of 150 students who studied at two Iranian public school and private school in Mashhad City. School Design and Planning Laboratory (SDPL) model of Georgia University (and Tanner (2009)) was used as an appraisal indicator of school design and some of its design characteristics such as unrestricted and functional views, indoor and outdoor spaces, and natural life were explained to students. In addition, student performance, defined by the average of their final achievement scores, was compared to measures of school environmental characteristics. To this end, design characteristics of these schools and students’ performances have been studied. Quantitative data, subjected to a set of descriptive statistics, showed that school design was a strong factor for students of private school. In fact, the finding indicated that characteristics of physical learning space and deign of private school had fundamental effects on student performance. That is, learning space as a strong component can motivate students to study and progress.</p>

scholarly journals Architectural typology of intergenerational shared sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Oxana Maslovsckaia ◽  
Alla Kopeva ◽  
Mariia Matveieva ◽  
Olga Ivanova ◽  
Olga Khrapko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Intergenerational Ties ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In the conditions of the modern world, there is an increasing socio-cultural gap between generations. To create sustainable development and functioning of society, to maintain its stability in the present and future, it is necessary to create conditions for strengthening intergenerational relations. All social programs must be accompanied by architectural programs, so there is a need for the architectural and urban planning transformation of the existing urban space in favor of the development of intergenerational ties. The purpose of this study is to determine the typological features of intergenerational centers based on a comparative analysis of existing facilities. Several different intergenerational shared sites examples around the world were analyzed. The analysis revealed a general typology of intergenerational environments: outdoor spaces for short-term intergenerational communication; indoor and outdoor spaces for intergenerational communication at centers; specialized housing estates and co-living buildings with public indoor and outdoor zones for intergenerational communication. The results of this work are the basis for further research, the purpose of which is to form the principles of an environment that promotes the development of intergenerational relations in Russian conditions and their approbation in the design of a residential area in Yakutsk.

scholarly journals USING OPENSTREETMAP DATA TO GENERATE BUILDING MODELS WITH THEIR INNER STRUCTURES FOR 3D MAPS

2017 ◽  
Vol IV-2/W4 ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
A. Zipf
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

With the development of Web 2.0, more and more data related to indoor environments has been collected within the volunteered geographic information (VGI) framework, which creates a need for construction of indoor environments from VGI. In this study, we focus on generating 3D building models from OpenStreetMap (OSM) data, and provide an approach to support construction and visualization of indoor environments on 3D maps. In this paper, we present an algorithm which can extract building information from OSM data, and can construct building structures as well as inner building components (e.g., doors, rooms, and windows). A web application is built to support the processing and visualization of the building models on a 3D map. We test our approach with an indoor dataset collected from the field. The results show the feasibility of our approach and its potentials to provide support for a wide range of applications, such as indoor and outdoor navigation, urban planning, and incident management.

scholarly journals On Railroad Tank Car Puncture Performance: Part II — Estimating Metrics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Jeong ◽  
Michael E. Carolan ◽  
Benjamin Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Puncture Resistance ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Probabilistic Point

This paper is the second in a two-part series on the puncture performance of railroad tank cars carrying hazardous materials in the event of an accident. Various metrics are often mentioned in the open literature to characterize the structural performance of tank cars under accident loading conditions. One of the consequences in terms of structural damage to the tank during accidents is puncture. This two-part series of papers focuses on four metrics to quantify the performance of tank cars against the threat of puncture: (1) speed, (2) force, (3) energy, and (4) conditional probability of release. In Part I, generalized tank car impact scenarios were illustrated. Particular focus is given to the generalized shell impact scenario because performance-based requirements for shell puncture resistance are being considered by the regulatory agencies in United States and Canada. Definitions for the four performance metrics were given. Physical and mathematical relationships among these metrics were outlined. Strengths and limitations of these performance metrics were discussed. In this paper (Part II), the multi-disciplinary approach to develop engineering tools to estimate the performance metrics is described. The complementary connection between testing and modeling is emphasized. Puncture performance metrics, which were estimated from other sources, are compared for different tank car designs. These comparisons are presented to interpret the metrics from a probabilistic point of view. In addition, sensitivity of the metrics to the operational and design factors is examined qualitatively.

scholarly journals Maintaining face-to-face contact during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal qualitative investigation in UK primary care

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0036
Author(s):  
Andrew Turner ◽  
Anne Scott ◽  
Jeremy Horwood ◽  
Chris Salisbury ◽  
Rachel Denholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interview ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

BackgroundIn March 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic required a rapid reconfiguration of UK general practice to minimise face-to-face contact with patients to reduce infection risk. However, some face-to-face contact remained necessary and practices needed to ensure such contact could continue safely.AimTo examine how practices determined when face-to-face contact was necessary and how face-to-face consultations were reconfigured to reduce COVID-19 infection risk.Design & settingQualitative interview study in general practices in Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire.MethodLongitudinal semi-structured interviews with clinical and managerial practice staff at four timepoints between May and July 2020.ResultsPractices worked flexibly within general national guidance to determine when face-to-face contact with patients was necessary, influenced by knowledge of the patient, experience, and practice resilience. For example, practices prioritised patients according to clinical need using face-to-face contact to resolve clinician uncertainty or provide adequate reassurance to patients. To make face-to-face contact as safe as possible and keep patients separated, practices introduced a heterogeneous range of measures that exploited features of their indoor and outdoor spaces and altered their appointment processes. As national restrictions eased in June and July, the number and proportion of patients seen face-to-face generally increased. However, the reconfiguration of buildings and processes reduced the available capacity and put increased pressure on practices.ConclusionPractices responded rapidly and creatively to the initial lockdown restrictions. The variety of ways practices organised face-to-face contact to minimise infection highlights the need for flexibility in guidance.

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