Water Resources and Food Security in the Vietnam Mekong Delta

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuyet L. Cosslett ◽  
Patrick D. Cosslett
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Mekong Delta

scholarly journals Attribution of Long-Term Evapotranspiration Trends in the Mekong River Basin with a Remote Sensing-Based Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Shi Hu ◽  
Xingguo Mo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Available Water

Using the Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) leaf area index (LAI), the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and available water resources in the Mekong River Basin were estimated with the Remote Sensing-Based Vegetation Interface Processes Model (VIP-RS). The relative contributions of climate variables and vegetation greening to ETa were estimated with numerical experiments. The results show that the average ETa in the entire basin increased at a rate of 1.16 mm year−2 from 1980 to 2012 (36.7% of the area met the 95% significance level). Vegetation greening contributed 54.1% of the annual ETa trend, slightly higher than that of climate change. The contributions of air temperature, precipitation and the LAI were positive, whereas contributions of solar radiation and vapor pressure were negative. The effects of water supply and energy availability were equivalent on the variation of ETa throughout most of the basin, except the upper reach and downstream Mekong Delta. In the upper reach, climate warming played a critical role in the ETa variability, while the warming effect was offset by reduced solar radiation in the Mekong Delta (an energy-limited region). For the entire basin, the available water resources showed an increasing trend due to intensified precipitation; however, in downstream areas, additional pressure on available water resources is exerted due to cropland expansion with enhanced agricultural water consumption. The results provide scientific basis for practices of integrated catchment management and water resources allocation.

scholarly journals Responses of groundwater to precipitation variability and ENSO in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phong V. V. Le ◽  
Hai V. Pham ◽  
Luyen K. Bui ◽  
Anh N. Tran ◽  
Chien V. Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Deep Aquifers

Abstract Groundwater is a critical component of water resources and has become the primary water supply for agricultural and domestic uses in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). Widespread groundwater level declines have occurred in the VMD over recent decades, reflecting that extraction rates exceed aquifer recharge in the region. However, the impacts of climate variability on groundwater system dynamics in the VMD remain poorly understood. Here, we explore recent changes in groundwater levels in shallow and deep aquifers from observed wells in the VMD and investigate their relations to the annual precipitation variability and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We show that groundwater level responds to changes in annual precipitation at time scales of approximately 1 year. Moreover, shallow (deep) groundwater in the VMD appears to correlate with the ENSO over intra-annual (inter-annual) time scales. Our findings reveal a critical linkage between groundwater level changes and climate variability, suggesting the need to develop an understanding of the impacts of climate variability across time scales on water resources in the VMD.

Water Resources and Food Security

2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1533-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ringler ◽  
Tingju Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources

Assessment of Water Resources and Salinity Intrusion in the Mekong Delta

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu-Thoi ◽  
Ashim Das Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Salinity Intrusion

Hunger, Food Security, and the African Land Grab

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Grab ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World

If you were organizing dinner parties for the world, you would need to put out 219,000 more place settings every night than you had the night before. That is how fast the Earth's population is growing. But global agricultural production is currently failing to keep pace. A June 2012 report by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) sees trouble looming ahead, warning that “land and water resources are now much more stressed than in the past and are becoming scarcer.”

Water-Saving Irrigation and Food Security in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1441-1445
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Liu ◽  
Jian Xin Xu ◽  
Jing Sheng Sun ◽  
Liang Jun Fei ◽  
Ji Yang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Resources ◽  
Grain Security

With the growth of population, shortage of water resources, natural disasters, climate change, serious shortage of land resources and the development of urbanization and industrialization and impacts of other unfavorable factors, China's grain security issue has become a focus of public concern. Through the Chinese population quantity analysis and forecast of 2020 and 2030 the total demand of grain, comparison between total demand and current level of food production, China's grain problem is facing tremendous pressure. Water conservancy is the lifeline of agriculture and irrigation has great potential for grain production guarantee. Results for food safety in China made the following responses: First, the rational use of water resources, improve the efficiency of irrigation and grain yield per unit area. Second, multiple sectors such as agriculture, meteorology, soil, make a good combination of multiple disciplines for food security. Third, increase the peasants' production enthusiasm. Last, scientific and technological progress is the guarantee of grain production. In General, the issue of food security is national security, social stability, a top priority. The combination of our country's water resources crisis, limited rational development of agricultural water resources, improve the efficiency of irrigation, which will provide a guarantee for China agricultural water crisis, alleviating the shortage of water resources and increasing food safety assurance.

scholarly journals Water Resources and Food Security – Reflections

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Graziano da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources

scholarly journals Food Security in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): The Great Competition between the Agricultural and Forestry Sector on Irrigation Resources

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Marwan Shahin ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Muhsen Salem
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Annual Water

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country that has scarcity in fresh water resources. Groundwater, which contributes to 70% of the total water resources in the country, is a non-renewable water resource. This resource plays significant role in converting the desert to a green paradise. It covers around 95% and 82% of the watering requirements of the agricultural and forestry sector, respectively. Besides the critical problems that this resource suffers from; including depletion, saline water intrusion and contamination. It has also a limited life time expectancy, estimated to be between 16 to 36 years. The total annual water withdrawal by the green sector in the country is estimated to be above 2198 million m3, from which above 32% is used to cover the irrigation requirements for the forestry sector and landscaping, while the rest amount is used for crop production purposes. The great competition between the two sectors, lead to make the sustainability approach in maintaining both sectors extremely difficult, especially with the absence of groundwater supply and the sharp population growth. Therefore, serious and quick actions have to take place; in order to save the future of food security in the UAE.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF QUINOA (QUINOA CHENOPODIUM WILLD.) CULTIVATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-356
Author(s):  
A. FATHI ◽  
F. KARDONI
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
The World ◽  
Semi Arid

Quinoa is a dicotyledonous species for seeds and, therefore, is not known as a cereal grain and is a pseudograin, which is introduced nowadays as a new crop in the world. Population growth and the need for more food put additional pressure on the environment, especially on water resources and agronomic ecosystems. This has led to more attention to plants that grow at different latitudes and altitudes. Climatic and environmental changes affect agricultural inputs, especially water resources. So, the best way of adapting to the current situation is the introduction of low-water, salt resistant, and drought-tolerant plants to the recent climatic changes. Water scarcity has become a serious problem in many countries. This restriction has had a significant impact on the development of countries. The plants which grow in arid and semi-arid regions are often exposed to adverse environmental factors, such as drought or salinity. Salinity and drought stress, more than any other factor, decrease crop yields around the world. These two abiotic stresses are the main limiting factors for crop production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Quinoa is an exceptional plant that can adapt to adverse conditions and can serve as a solution to the challenge of global food security. Recent droughts that occurred in the world have prompted governments to include plants in their development plans, which are adapted to the country's existing water and soil conditions and have high nutritional value. This way, quinoa cultivation can ensure their food security in the coming years.

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