Experimental Virtue: Perceptual Responsiveness and the Praxis of Scientific Observation

2014 ◽  
pp. 269-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Vallor
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Observation

Pemanfaatan Tanduk Rusa Baldu Untuk Tujuan Perubatan Menurut Perspektif Halal dan Haram

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Mohd Mahyeddin Mohd Salleh ◽  
Irwan Mohd Subri
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Deer Antler ◽  
Scientific Observation ◽  
Animal Organ ◽  
Asean Countries

Deer antler velvet is one of the important ingredients used in traditional medicine by many Asean countries including Malaysia. However, there is doubt regarding the halalness of the medicine derived from deer antler velvet taken alive due to the conflict of fatwa. The objective of this paper is to analyse the position of medicine derives from deer antler velvet from Shariah perspectives. The qualitative methode used through documents analysis, interview and observation. The finding shows that the conflict exists because of the different of ijtihad when the deer antler velvet taken from the animal alive. It is due to the issue, whether it hurt the animal or vice versa. Based on the scientific observation, it is proven that deer antler velvet is part of the animal organ and the nerve connected can make the animal suffering if it is taken alive. It is totally different from halal animal fur that remove while they still alive. Thus, any medication derived from deer antler velvet is not permissible and unclean (najs). Alternatively, to make it halal, the animal should be slaughtered before removing the deer antler valvet.   Keywords: deer antler velvet, medicine, fatwa, halal, haram   ABSTRAK: Tanduk rusa baldu merupakan antara bahan penting yang dimanfaatkan dalam bidang perubatan herba tradisional di kebanyakan negara asia, termasuk di Malaysia. Bagaimanapun, timbul ketidakpastian hukum terhadap ubat tanduk rusa baldu yang dipotong ketika masih hidup, iaitu sama ada ia boleh dikategorikan sebagai produk yang halal atau haram untuk dimanfaatkan, lantaran wujud konflik fatwa di Malaysia mengenainya. Objektif kajian ini adalah bagi menganalisis hukum ubat daripada tanduk rusa baldu menurut perpektif halal dan haram. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, kaedah kualitatif digunakan menerusi pendekatan analisis dokumen, temubual dan pemerhatian. Hasil kajian mendapati antara punca perbezaan pendapat fuqaha dalam menentukan hukum tanduk yang dipotong semasa hidup adalah disebabkan ijtihad mereka yang berbeza terhadap tanduk haiwan, iaitu sama ada ia termasuk dalam kategori anggota yang menyakitkan jika dipotong atau tidak menyakitkan. Berdasarkan maklumat saintifik dan pemerhatian, terbukti bahawa tanduk rusa baldu adalah sejenis anggota yang bersaraf dan menyakitkan jika dipotong ketika hidup, dan tidak boleh disamakan dengan kes bulu haiwan halal. Justeru, produk perubatan berasaskan tanduk rusa yang diperolehi secara kaedah pemotongan tersebut adalah haram dan najis. Sebagai alternatif, pengambilan tanduk rusa menerusi kaedah penyembelihan secara syarak boleh menukar statusnya menjadi produk yang halal.   Kata kunci: tanduk rusa, baldu, perubatan, fatwa, halal, haram

Schools of Empiricism

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-289
Author(s):  
Andreas Friedolin Lingg
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Scientific Observation ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

Abstract Recent research emphasizes that empiricist approaches already emerged long before the seventeenth and eighteenth century. While many of these contributions focus on specific professions, it is the aim of this article to supplement this discourse by describing certain social spaces that fostered empiricist attitudes. A particularly interesting example in this respect is the mining region of the Erzgebirge (Saxony) in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. The following article will use this mining district as a kind of historical laboratory, as a space not only for scientific observation but also as a structure within which specific forms of knowledge were socially tested, to show how the economic transformation of this region supported the rise of characteristic elements of empiricist thinking. It is common practice to link the appraisal of useful knowledge, (personal) experience and the distrust towards (scholastic) authorities in those days with only small minorities. By addressing not only the struggles of the commercial elites but also the challenges faced by the average resident of a mining town, this paper tries to add to this view by demonstrating how entire masses of people inhabiting the late medieval Erzgebirge were affected by and schooled to think in empiricist ways.

scholarly journals MATIS ANIMAL FEASTS: MINIMAL MIMESIS FOR SOCIAL RELATIONS WEAVING

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-94
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Arisi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Constituent Part ◽  
Scientific Observation

Abstract In this paper, I describe how the Matis animal feasts are important events for the Matis to try establishing relationships with strangers, especially with the animalumans, animals that are humans. These rituals are an important cosmo-socio-logical investment for the Matis as they are a constituent part of the Matis economy of culture. I also comment on the matis' morphological scientific observation, with its emphasis on the plant's body parts named after animal's organs. I intend to show how the predominant aesthetic in these animal parties is minimalist and mimetically subtle, especially when it concerns the animal clothes, masks and patterns the Matis produce and reproduce when en-acting animals and weaving their clothes (bracelets and anklets). I reflect on the sort of mimesis they produce as a valuable way of weavestablishing relations with the foreigners (be they animals, disembodied beings or other foreigners).

scholarly journals Primary school student teachers’ views about making observations

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Ahtee ◽  
Liisa Suomela ◽  
Kalle Juuti ◽  
Jarkko Lampiselkä ◽  
Jari Lavonen
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Scientific Observation ◽  
Primary School Student

Scientific observation plays a central part in the formation of scientific knowledge and thus it has animportant role in the teaching and learning of science. Despite its importance there are only a few studies that focus on the problems in making observations. The paper begins with the collection offactors effecting scientific observation. In order to find out primary school student teachers’ conceptions of scientific observation 110 student teachers were asked to write what things they connect tomaking scientific observations. For the majority of the student teachers making observations seemsto mean in the first place just noticing things. Only about 30% of the student teachers connectedearlier experiences and knowledge with observations and only 30% of the student teachers mentioned processing of information. To become efficient at it, student teachers need plenty of practice and experience of the different features of scientific observation.

The Proteus Within

Janus Head ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-249
Author(s):  
Christina Root ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Scientific Observation

The essay examines passages from Henry David Thoreau's journal and Walden as illustrations of Goethe's phenomenological approach to nature, focusing on the influence on Thoreau of Goethe's discovery of metamorphosis as the generative principle of plants, and his proclamation that "first to last the plant is nothing but leaf." The essay shows how Goethe and Thoreau bring a poet's heightened awareness of language to their scientific observation of nature, and argues that their attention to figurative language, its limits as well as its possibilities, helps them and their readers to develop the needed flexibility to think along with rather than merely about nature.

Scheme design and key technology verification of Narrow Angle Sensor for small body mission

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenzhi Wu ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Yanpeng Wu ◽  
Yunfang Zhang ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Spectral Observation ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Scientific Observation ◽  
Exploration Mission ◽  
Better Than

<p>   In small body exploration mission, the uncertainty of the target characteristics and the special weak gravitational environment put forward higher requirements for the optical autonomous navigation accuracy of the probe and the detection ability of the navigation sensor. Narrow Angel Sensor(Hereinafter referred to as NAS), as the key instrument of China’s first small body exploration mission, has both optical autonomous navigation function and scientific observation ability, and it must give consideration to both near and far, and achieve breakthroughs in dynamic range, detection sensitivity, pointing measurement accuracy, angular resolution and spectral observation ability. The specific performance is as follows: To capture and track Near Earth Asteroids 2016HO3 from tens of thousands of kilometers, NAS is required to have the ability of point target detection, and the detection sensitivity is better than MV10, and  the accuracy of pointing measurement is better than 1 ″. As the probe approaches the target, NAS must be able to clearly image the shape and surface texture of 2016HO3, so as to obtain the motion parameters such as the spin axis and rotation period of the target. In remote sensing and descending stage, the mission requires NAS to be able to carry out global centimeter scale and landing area millimeter scale multi-spectral observation of the target, and optical navigation uses high-resolution images to construct landmark feature library, so as to realize terrain relative navigation; meanwhile, the image is used to provide data support for the scientific research of the target topography, spectral characteristics and surface material composition analysis.</p> <p>   NAS adopts split design, and the detector part is composed of front door, baffle, focusing optical system, filter wheel, image processing circuit, and motor drive circuit, the algorithm is implemented in the image navigation processing unit. The prototype of the instruments has been developed, and the function and performances such as MTF, detection sensitivity, pointing measurement accuracy etc were verified. The instrument achieved expected design objectives,  and can meet the requirements of optical autonomous navigation and scientific observation for China’s small body exploration mission.</p>

scholarly journals Being, Thinking, Writing 'With'

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Scientific Observation ◽  
Rational Knowledge

Once upon a time there were three women: they were known as ‘the woman in black’, ‘the grey-haired woman with the well-developed sense of humor’ and ‘the rather quiet woman with the capacity to shock’. These women, who had known each other for quite some time, were all physicists. They were also friends. As physicists, the woman in black, the grey-haired woman with the well-developed sense of humour and the rather quiet woman with the capacity to shock had learned, and now shared, ‘a specific vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric’. They knew what could count as a scientific observation, ‘what standards of accuracy in determining observations [were] possible, how the words of common language [were] restricted and refined for use in [their particular] scientific discipline’. They knew how to tell the ‘truth’. Rational knowledge and empirical evidence were no strangers to these women who were well versed in what could count as an argument. Consequently, it was said by some that these women constituted a microcosmic rational community.

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