Long-Term Disaster-Prevention Strategies Based on Education

2014 ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Musacchio ◽  
◽  
A.E. Bernhardsdóttir ◽  
M.A. Ferreira ◽  
S. Falsaperla
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies

Research on the Disaster-Prevention Transformation Strategies for Existing Urban High-Rise Housing

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2256-2262
Author(s):  
Wei Dong Kong ◽  
Jian Zeng ◽  
Jing Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
High Rise

From the perspective of architecture, this paper discusses the disaster-prevention strategies for existing urban high-rise housing. Through an analysis of architectural space, architectural structure, and building materials of existing high-rise housing, the paper puts forward disaster-prevention strategies with the purpose of reducing and alleviating casualty loss, and ensuring effective evacuation of residents.

scholarly journals Adherence to Behavioral Interventions for Urge Incontinence When Combined With Drug Therapy: Adherence Rates, Barriers, and Predictors

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1493-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Borello-France ◽  
Kathryn L. Burgio ◽  
Patricia S. Goode ◽  
Alayne D. Markland ◽  
Kimberly Kenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Exercise Barriers

Background Behavioral intervention outcomes for urinary incontinence (UI) depend on active patient participation. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe adherence to behavioral interventions (pelvic-floor muscle [PFM] exercises, UI prevention strategies, and delayed voiding), patient-perceived exercise barriers, and predictors of exercise adherence in women with urge-predominant UI. Design This was a prospectively planned secondary data analysis from a 2-stage, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Patients and Intervention Three hundred seven women with urge-predominant UI were randomly assigned to receive either 10 weeks of drug therapy only or 10 weeks of drug therapy combined with a behavioral intervention for UI. One hundred fifty-four participants who received the combined intervention were included in this analysis. Measurements Pelvic-floor muscle exercise adherence and exercise barriers were assessed during the intervention phase and 1 year afterward. Adherence to UI prevention strategies and delayed voiding were assessed during the intervention only. Results During intervention, 81% of women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 87% performed at least 30 PFM contractions per day. Ninety-two percent of the women used the urge suppression strategy successfully. At the 12-month follow-up, only 32% of the women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 56% performed 15 or more PFM contractions on the days they exercised. The most persistent PFM exercise barriers were difficulty remembering to exercise and finding time to exercise. Similarly, difficulty finding time to exercise persisted as a predictor of PFM exercise adherence over time. Limitations Co-administration of medication for UI may have influenced adherence. Conclusions Most women adhered to exercise during supervised intervention; however, adherence declined over the long term. Interventions to help women remember to exercise and to integrate PFM exercises and UI prevention strategies into daily life may be useful to promote long-term adherence.

Disaster Prevention Strategies: A Study on Underground Commercial Street

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Qin Yan ◽  
Yin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
The City ◽  
Commercial Street

Planning for underground spaces has become an effective way to use central areas in cities given the steady economic growth in China. The development of underground spaces in mountainous cities has satisfied the needs of the diversification of the city commercial areas and pedestrian movement. Safety issues exist because these underground spaces were originally used for civil air defense. This study was based on the underground commercial street in Chongqing, which is a typical mountainous city. Based on the results of combined fieldwork and survey, this paper summarized current safety issues, which include the not-fully-open exit, the imbalanced exit location, blocked evacuation routes, and the poor awareness of the potential safety issues. This paper proposed a framework of the safety factors for the underground space and synopsized prevention strategies that are specific to potential disasters in the underground environment. The framework comprises ensuring that the exits are fully open, the underground corridors are kept unblocked, the open space on the street is increased for disaster prevention, and equipment security is maintained and managed. At last, This paper summarized disaster prevention strategies, which include ensuring unimpeded exits, balancing the locations of the exits, avoiding blocks, increasing the disaster prevention square area in the underground space, maintaining and managing the security of the equipment.

Restricting Access to Methods of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Methods Of Suicide

Abstract. Restriction of access to means for suicidal behavior, especially dangerous methods, is a key element in most national suicide prevention strategies. In this paper the rationale for this is discussed, including the fact that suicidal impulses are often brief, that availability of a method may influence both the occurrence and outcome of a suicidal act, and that if a favored means becomes less available it does not always result in substitution by another method. Examples of evidence for the effectiveness of restricting availability of suicidal methods on subsequent suicidal behavior are presented, plus the supporting findings from studies of long-term survivors of serious suicide attempts in which only a minority have gone on to die in subsequent suicide attempts. Finally, factors likely to determine the effectiveness of modifying access to means for suicide are considered, together with the main elements that need to be addressed in evaluation.

A comprehensive review of otorhinolaryngological global health concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 930-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan C Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Local Healthcare

AbstractBackgroundENT disease prevalence, risk factors and treatment vary between developed and developing countries. Health provision, particularly disease prevention strategies and surgery, in developing countries is poor, manifesting as a high frequency of common and preventable diseases. Healthcare systems in developing countries are unsustainable, and the technological advances that provide ENT surgery with novel diagnostic and treatment opportunities are inaccessible.ConclusionA multifaceted approach is essential to improve the care of patients with ENT diseases in developing countries. Public health efforts must focus on educating the local community, reducing high-risk behaviours and decreasing the frequency of preventable diseases. Governments must be pressured to prioritise the funding of long-term, sustainable efforts with effective disease prevention strategies. Providing local healthcare professionals with high-quality ENT training so that self-sustaining and low-cost care can be delivered, mainly in a primary care setting, is key.

scholarly journals Long Term Complications of Diabetes – A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-355
Author(s):  
Ionuţ Vlad ◽  
Dana Sonia Oieru ◽  
Amorin Remus Popa ◽  
Mihaela Zaharia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Full Picture

Abstract It is estimated that subclinical DM (diabetes mellitus) has the onset about 10 years before the appearance of actual clinical manifestations, leading to uncontrolled chronic complications. Many trials have pursued the onset and evolution of the DM chronic complications in order to obtain a full picture that allows the development of prevention strategies, treatments and DM costs reduction.

Development of Urban Disaster Prevention Systems in Japan – from the Mid-1980s

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itsuki Nakabayashi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan ◽  
Metropolitan Government

This treatise outlines developments in disaster management focusing on earthquake disaster measures taken by the Japanese and Tokyo Metropolitan Governments since the 1980s. The 1978 Large-Scale Earthquake Measures Special Act on conditions for predicting the Tokai Earthquake significantly changed the direction of earthquake disaster measures in Japan. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government undertook its own earthquake disaster measures based on lessons learned from the 1964 Niigata Earthquake. In the 1980s, it began planning urban development disaster management programs for upgrading areas with high wooden houses concentration - still a big problem in many urban areas of Japan - which are most vulnerable to earthquake disasters. The 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Kobe brought meaningful insight into both to earthquake disaster measures by the Japanese Government and by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and other local governments nationwide. Long-term predictions concerning possible earthquake occurrence have been conducted throughout Japan and new earthquake disaster measures have been adopted based on this long-term prediction. The Tokyo Government has further completely revised its own earthquake disaster measures. As a review of measures against foreseeable earthquake disasters based on developments in disaster management measures, this treatise provides invaluable insights emphasizing urban earthquake disaster prevention developed in Japan over the last 30 years that readers are sure to find both interesting and informative in their own work.

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