Research on the Disaster-Prevention Transformation Strategies for Existing Urban High-Rise Housing

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 2256-2262
Author(s):  
Wei Dong Kong ◽  
Jian Zeng ◽  
Jing Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
High Rise

From the perspective of architecture, this paper discusses the disaster-prevention strategies for existing urban high-rise housing. Through an analysis of architectural space, architectural structure, and building materials of existing high-rise housing, the paper puts forward disaster-prevention strategies with the purpose of reducing and alleviating casualty loss, and ensuring effective evacuation of residents.

YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat ARI
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
High Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Design And Construction

With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

Comparison of Building Construction and Life-Cycle Cost for a High-Rise Mass Timber Building with its Concrete Alternative

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-492
Author(s):  
Hongmei Gu ◽  
Shaobo Liang ◽  
Richard Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Front End ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Mass Timber

Abstract Mass timber building materials such as cross-laminated timber (CLT) have captured attention in mid- to high-rise building designs because of their potential environmental benefits. The recently updated multistory building code also enables greater utilization of these wood building materials. The cost-effectiveness of mass timber buildings is also undergoing substantial analysis. Given the relatively new presence of CLT in United States, high front-end construction costs are expected. This study presents the life-cycle cost (LCC) for a 12-story, 8,360-m2 mass timber building to be built in Portland, Oregon. The goal was to assess its total life-cycle cost (TLCC) relative to a functionally equivalent reinforced-concrete building design using our in-house-developed LCC tool. Based on commercial construction cost data from the RSMeans database, a mass timber building design is estimated to have 26 percent higher front-end costs than its concrete alternative. Front-end construction costs dominated the TLCC for both buildings. However, a decrease of 2.4 percent TLCC relative to concrete building was observed because of the estimated longer lifespan and higher end-of-life salvage value for the mass timber building. The end-of-life savings from demolition cost or salvage values in mass timber building could offset some initial construction costs. There are minimal historical construction cost data and lack of operational cost data for mass timber buildings; therefore, more studies and data are needed to make the generalization of these results. However, a solid methodology for mass timber building LCC was developed and applied to demonstrate several cost scenarios for mass timber building benefits or disadvantages.

Prospects for the development of high-rise wooden housing construction in Russia on foreign experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Igor V. Esaulenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Active Implementation ◽  
House Building ◽  
The U.S

Wood-based building materials meet the basic requirements of environmentally friendly construction, which is becoming increasingly important in the modern world. However, until recently, they were rarely used in high-rise construction in Russia. CLT became a revolutionary technology, it has proven itself in countries such as Switzerland, Norway, the U.S. and others. In Russia, it has not yet found widespread use, and CLT-panels are in demand only at the market of individual housing construction. Nevertheless, taking into account the positive foreign experience can be an example and become an incentive for more active implementation of modern environmentally friendly materials and technologies in Russia. The aim of the article is to study the possibilities of high-rise wooden house building in Russia based on world practice.

Disaster Prevention Strategies: A Study on Underground Commercial Street

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Qin Yan ◽  
Yin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
The City ◽  
Commercial Street

Planning for underground spaces has become an effective way to use central areas in cities given the steady economic growth in China. The development of underground spaces in mountainous cities has satisfied the needs of the diversification of the city commercial areas and pedestrian movement. Safety issues exist because these underground spaces were originally used for civil air defense. This study was based on the underground commercial street in Chongqing, which is a typical mountainous city. Based on the results of combined fieldwork and survey, this paper summarized current safety issues, which include the not-fully-open exit, the imbalanced exit location, blocked evacuation routes, and the poor awareness of the potential safety issues. This paper proposed a framework of the safety factors for the underground space and synopsized prevention strategies that are specific to potential disasters in the underground environment. The framework comprises ensuring that the exits are fully open, the underground corridors are kept unblocked, the open space on the street is increased for disaster prevention, and equipment security is maintained and managed. At last, This paper summarized disaster prevention strategies, which include ensuring unimpeded exits, balancing the locations of the exits, avoiding blocks, increasing the disaster prevention square area in the underground space, maintaining and managing the security of the equipment.

Concretes with Unique Properties for Special Building Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Solovyova ◽  
D. Solovyov ◽  
I. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Silica Sol ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Complex Additive ◽  
Potassium Nitrite ◽  
Thin Walled

The paper presents new results in the building materials area. One of the solutions of the thin-walled elements obtaining can be achieved due to new additive using. The main purpose of the paper was improvement concrete properties for thin-walled constructive elements. The experimental and standard methods have been used and new complex additive for concrete. The research shows that a comprehensive additive consisting of aqueous solution of polycarboxilate polymer, silica sol and potassium nitrite is effective and makes it possible to produce high-efficiency concrete with unique properties: higher compression strength, higher crack resistance, frost resistance, water resistance, abrasion resistance. The study shows that the concrete is chemical resistant. Modified concrete can be recommended for manufacturing critical concrete structures of special purpose, for example high-rise constriction.

Long-Term Disaster-Prevention Strategies Based on Education

2014 ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Musacchio ◽  
◽  
A.E. Bernhardsdóttir ◽  
M.A. Ferreira ◽  
S. Falsaperla
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Prevention Strategies

scholarly journals THE TOPOLOGICAL RELATIONS OF CORNER BUILDINGS AT STREET JUNCTIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-334
Author(s):  
Richard Herriott
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Topological Relations ◽  
Street Design ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Moderate Density ◽  
High Rise

As in furniture and product design, the handling of features such as junctions of street facades is a matter worthy of consideration. The article considers the role of the corner and corner buildings in the architectural relations of the street. It examines the role of corners in the urban structure and the reasons why they are no longer much used. A typology of corner building arrangements is proposed. Referring to affordance, legibility and Weber᾽s (1995) psychological approach to perceived architectural space, the paper discusses the value of clearly articulated corner constructions using selected examples. The dominant modes of building in the post-WWII period tend towards two extremes: high rise/high density and low rise/low density, both often characterised by disconnected building masses. Both modes reject the well-developed formats generally used up to the 1920s. These relied on moderate density, moderate height and conjoined buildings to create clearly defined, legible streets characteristic of an integrated urban fabric. This paper argues that certain morphologies make for better corner designs leading to more understandable street layouts. It also argues that quantitative recommendations in planning guidance are insufficient to ensure desirable outcomes in street design.

scholarly journals The Impact of Local Materials on the Improvement of the Thermal Comfort in Building

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Amadou Oumarou Fati ◽  
Bonkaney Abdou Latif ◽  
Ouedraogo Souleymane ◽  
S. M. Ky. Thierry ◽  
Mamadou Lewamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Materials

The increasing energy demands in the building sector is considered as a main issue and has result both in the energy shortage and also environmental impact such as climate change and global warming. This demand is always increasing due to the high-rise level and also the need of thermal comfort. This paper aims to describe a passive approach to reduce the energy demand for a building through an improvement of the design of the thermal envelope. Within this work, we utilized the thermophysical properties of four building materials: three local materials (compressed earth, lateritic, and raw material) and one modern (Hollow cement) and an energy analysis of the building has been carried out. The numerical optimization of the building design has been performed dynamically by COMSOL Multiphysics software: case study of Ouagadougou and surface is 100m2. Also, the temporal variations in the inside of the room as well as the temperature of the walls and the ceiling with four different materials have been determined. The result shows that, for BLT, the maximum obtained around 22H is 308K, for Adobe it is 309K around 18H30, for BTC it was 309.2K at 20H and finally for cement block it is 310K around 18H. The mean average temperature of the building is low when we use local materials instead of modern one. Then, we conclude that, the use of local materials in the building design is an option for reducing the heat transfer into the room and at the energy consumption.

scholarly journals Communal Space Design of High-Rise Apartments: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Wenyuan Wu ◽  
Janet Ge Xin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Space Design ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Communal Areas ◽  
Communal Space

Satisfactory communal space in high-rise apartments helps to create a harmonious living atmosphere and enhance neighbourhood relations. This review summarises and analyses the research on the design of communal areas in high-rise apartments with consideration of five aspects: space division, universal design, security design, landscape design and decoration design. The aim is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of current design concepts relating to communal space in high-rise apartments and to identify key design considerations that are necessary for the development of sustainable high-rise apartments. The paper proceeds with three objectives: (1) to develop a comprehensive policy for communal space to support the sustainable development of high-rise apartments; (2) to identify research on the building materials that can be used to improve the environment of the communal spaces; and, (3) to identify areas that can improve the planning and management of open spaces in high-rise apartments with the help of existing information technology. Overall, this review provides some useful insights for the sustainable development of high-rise apartments in terms of shared-space design, while revealing gaps in the literature and areas for further research.

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