Role of Earthworms on Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soils

2015 ◽  
pp. 279-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
My Dung Jusselme ◽  
Edouard Miambi ◽  
Thierry Lebeau ◽  
Corinne Rouland-Lefevre
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Polluted Soils

Role of Plant-Associated Microbes in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soils

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Manoj Parihar ◽  
Amitava Rakshit ◽  
Manoj Kumar Chitara ◽  
Hanuman Singh Jatav ◽  
Vishnu D. Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Polluted Soils

The role of biochar-microbe interaction in alleviating heavy metal toxicity in Hordeum vulgare L. grown in highly polluted soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorovtsov Andrey ◽  
Vishnu Rajput ◽  
Minkina Tatiana ◽  
Mandzhieva Saglara ◽  
Sushkova Svetlana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Polluted Soils

Multiple interactions in riverine biofilms - surfactant adsorption, bacterial attachment and biodegradation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham F. White
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Interactions

Many organic pollutants, especially synthetic surfactants, adsorb onto solid surfaces in natural and engineered aquatic environments. Biofilm bacteria on such surfaces make major contributions to microbial heterotrophic activity and biodegradation of organic pollutants. This paper reviews evidence for multiple interactions between surfactants, biodegradative bacteria, and sediment-liquid interfaces. Biodegradable surfactants e.g. SDS, added to a river-water microcosm were rapidly adsorb to sediment surface and stimulated the indigenous bacteria to attach to the sediment particles. Recalcitrant surfactants and non-surfactant organic nutrients did not stimulate attachment Attachment of bacteria was maximal when biodegradation was fastest, and was reversed when biodegradation was complete. Dodecanol, the primary product of SDS-biodegradation, markedly stimulated attachment. When SDS was added to suspensions containing sediment and either known degraders or known non-degraders, only the degraders became attached, and attachment accelerated surfactant biodegradation to dodecanol. These cyclical cooperative interactions have implications for the design of biodegradability-tests, the impact of surfactant adjuvants on biodegradability of herbicides/pesticides formulated with surfactants, and the role of surfactants used to accelerate bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted soils.

scholarly journals Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in noncentrosymmetric superlattices

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Seung Ham ◽  
Abdul-Muizz Pradipto ◽  
Kay Yakushiji ◽  
Kwangsu Kim ◽  
Sonny H. Rhim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Orbit Coupling ◽  
Inversion Symmetry ◽  
Spin Orbit Coupling ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Band Formation ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Moriya Interaction

AbstractDzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) is considered as one of the most important energies for specific chiral textures such as magnetic skyrmions. The keys of generating DMI are the absence of structural inversion symmetry and exchange energy with spin–orbit coupling. Therefore, a vast majority of research activities about DMI are mainly limited to heavy metal/ferromagnet bilayer systems, only focusing on their interfaces. Here, we report an asymmetric band formation in a superlattices (SL) which arises from inversion symmetry breaking in stacking order of atomic layers, implying the role of bulk-like contribution. Such bulk DMI is more than 300% larger than simple sum of interfacial contribution. Moreover, the asymmetric band is largely affected by strong spin–orbit coupling, showing crucial role of a heavy metal even in the non-interfacial origin of DMI. Our work provides more degrees of freedom to design chiral magnets for spintronics applications.

scholarly journals The Role of Aquaporin Overexpression in the Modulation of Transcription of Heavy Metal Transporters under Cadmium Treatment in Poplar

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Andrea Neri ◽  
Silvia Traversari ◽  
Andrea Andreucci ◽  
Alessandra Francini ◽  
Luca Sebastiani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Metal Transporters ◽  
Metal Transporter ◽  
Cadmium Treatment ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Cd Translocation ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

Populus alba ‘Villafranca’ clone is well-known for its tolerance to cadmium (Cd). To determine the mechanisms of Cd tolerance of this species, wild-type (wt) plants were compared with transgenic plants over-expressing an aquaporin (aqua1, GenBank GQ918138). Plants were maintained in hydroponic conditions with Hoagland’s solution and treated with 10 µM of Cd, renewed every 5 d. The transcription levels of heavy metal transporter genes (PaHMA2, PaNRAMP1.3, PaNRAMP2, PaNRAMP3.1, PaNRAMP3.2, PaABCC9, and PaABCC13) were analyzed at 1, 7, and 60 d of treatment. Cd application did not induce visible toxicity symptoms in wt and aqua1 plants even after 2 months of treatment confirming the high tolerance of this poplar species to Cd. Most of the analyzed genes showed in wt plants a quick response in transcription at 1 d of treatment and an adaptation at 60 d. On the contrary, a lower transcriptional response was observed in aqua1 plants in concomitance with a higher Cd concentration in medial leaves. Moreover, PaHMA2 showed at 1 d an opposite trend within organs since it was up-regulated in root and stem of wt plants and in leaves of aqua1 plants. In summary, aqua1 overexpression in poplar improved Cd translocation suggesting a lower Cd sensitivity of aqua1 plants. This different response might be due to a different transcription of PaNRAMP3 genes that were more transcribed in wt line because of the importance of this gene in Cd compartmentalization.

Geochemical modeling and multivariate statistical approach for assessing the groundwater quality, and mechanism of arsenic mobilization in Bahraich region, Indo-Gangetic plains, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Usman Khan ◽  
Nachiketa Rai ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Groundwater Samples

<p>As contamination in groundwater has been reported from various regions of the Indian subcontinent but no data related to heavy metal contamination of groundwater has been reported for the Bahraich area in the Indo-Gangetic plains. We report the first dataset on arsenic contamination and groundwater hydrogeochemistry, in Bahraich. This includes concentrations of heavy metal such as As, Mn, and Fe, along with major cations (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>and Mg<sup>2+</sup>) and anions (F<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), along with various physico-chemical parameters such as EC, pH, and Eh from samples collected during two extensive field campaigns conducted during pre-monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons respectively. The combined use of geochemical modeling and multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis (CA) suggest several processes affecting the geochemistry of groundwater including the lithological characteristics of aquifers and anthropogenic activities.</p><p>The groundwater of the study area predominantly belongs to the Ca-Mg-HCO<sub>3</sub> type hydrochemical facies. HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> signatures of groundwater indicate the influence of silicate weathering and carbonate dissolution processes with the insignificant role of evaporate dissolution mechanism. As concentration was found to range from 0.6 μg/L to ~100 μg/L with almost 40% of the collected samples exceeding the WHO defined limit of 10 μg/L for drinking water. 70 % of the groundwater samples were found to have very high Fe concentrations exceeding the WHO guideline of 0.3 mg/l in drinking water. Mn concentrations in the groundwater samples were relatively low with only ~10 % of the samples exceeding the WHO defined limit for Mn (400 μg/L). The majority of the groundwater samples were found to be anoxic in nature showing low NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> & SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> concentrations, high Fe & Mn and DOC concentrations, and negative Eh values.</p><p>Results from this study show that the reductive dissolution mechanism of iron oxyhydroxide is the dominant mechanism responsible for arsenic release in groundwater of the region, ruling out any role of sulfide oxidation and alkali desorption.</p><p> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The use of N HNO3 to determine copper and zinc levels in heavy-metal polluted tropical soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
A K Salam ◽  
M Milanti ◽  
G Silva ◽  
F Rachman ◽  
I M T D Santa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Chemical Extractants ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Zinc Levels

Abstract This study compared N HNO3 to other methods to determine plant available heavy metals in heavy-metal polluted soils. Soil samples were obtained from an experimental field treated with industrial waste after 22 years of the amendment and employed to conduct the comparative and correlation study. Soil samples were analyzed for Cu using various methods, planted in a glass house with several plants, and analyzed for soil and plant Cu and Zn. The relative strength of the chemical extractants followed the order of N HNO3 ≈ N HCl > Buffered DTPA ≈ Unbuffered DTPA > M CaCl2 ≈ N NH4OAc pH 7. A high correlation was observed for soil extracted Cu by M CaCl2 or N NH4OAc pH 7 or N HCl vs. Buffered DTPA and N HNO3 or N NH4OAc pH 7 vs. N HCl. High correlations of plant and soil Cu extracted by N HNO3 were shown by caisim, water spinach, land spinach, and corn, while plant and soil Zn were shown by caisim, water spinach, land spinach, and lettuce.

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