Memory-Based Prediction of District Heating Temperature Using GPGPU

2015 ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł D. Domański ◽  
Marcin Więcławski
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
District Heating

scholarly journals Optimized Layouts of Borehole Thermal Energy Storage Systems in 4th Generation Grids

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoofar Hemmatabady ◽  
Julian Formhals ◽  
Bastian Welsch ◽  
Daniel Otto Schulte ◽  
Ingo Sass
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Storage System ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Temperature Shift ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Optimal Designs ◽  
Practical Implementation

Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) systems are a viable option to meet the increasing cooling demand and to increase the sustainability of low-temperature district heating and cooling (DHC) grids. They are able to store the rejected heat of cooling cycles on a seasonal basis and deliver this heat during the heating season. However, their efficient practical implementation requires a thorough analysis from technical, economic and environmental points of view. In this comparative study, a dynamic exergoeconomic assessment is adopted to evaluate various options for integrating such a storage system into 4th generation DHC grids in heating dominated regions. For this purpose, different layouts are modeled and parameterized. Multi-objective optimization is conducted, varying the most important design variables in order to maximize exergetic efficiency and to minimize levelized cost of energy (LCOE). A comparison of the optimal designs of the different layouts reveals that passive cooling together with maximizing the heating temperature shift, accomplished by a heat pump, lead to optimal designs. Component-wise exergy and cost analysis of the most efficient designs highlights that heat pumps are responsible for the highest share in inefficiency while the installation of BTES has a high impact in the LCOE. BTES and buffer storage tanks have the lowest exergy destruction for all layouts and increasing the BTES volume results in more efficient DHC grids.

scholarly journals Use of smart meters as feedback for district heating temperature control

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Hjörleifur G. Bergsteinsson ◽  
Torben Skov Nielsen ◽  
Jan Kloppenborg Møller ◽  
Sara Ben Amer ◽  
Dominik Franjo Dominković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Smart Meters

scholarly journals Dynamic Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Reducing District Heating Temperature on Indoor Thermal Comfort

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Benedetta Grassi ◽  
Edoardo Alessio Piana ◽  
Gian Paolo Beretta ◽  
Mariagrazia Pilotelli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Temperature Operation

To reduce energy consumption for space heating, a coordinated action on energy supply, building fabric and occupant behavior is required to realize sustainable improvements. A reduction in district heating supply temperature is an interesting option to allow the incorporation of renewable energy sources and reduce distribution losses, but its impact on the final users must be considered. This aspect is especially critical as most European countries feature an old building stock, with poor insulation and heating systems designed for high-temperature operation. In this study, a complete methodology is devised to evaluate the effect of district heating temperature reduction on the end users by modeling all the stages of the system, from the primary heat exchanger to the indoor environment. A dynamic energy performance engine, based on EN ISO 52016-1:2017 standard and completed with a heat exchanger model, is implemented, and its outputs are used to calculate thermal comfort indicators throughout the heating season. As a practical application, the method is used to evaluate different scenarios resulting from the reduction of primary supply temperature of a second-generation district heating network in Northern Italy. Several building typologies dating back to different periods are considered, in the conservative assumption of radiator heating. The results of the simulations show that the most severe discomfort situations are experienced in buildings built before 1990, but in recent buildings the amount of discomfort occurrences can be high because of the poor output of radiators when working at very low temperatures. Among the possible measures that could help the transition, actions on the primary side, on the installed power and on the building fabric are considered. The investigation method requires a limited amount of input data and is applicable to different scales, from the individual building to entire urban areas lined up for renovation.

scholarly journals Demand response of space heating using model predictive control in an educational office building

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03067
Author(s):  
Aleksi Mäki ◽  
Juha Jokisalo ◽  
Risto Kosonen
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Space Heating

The building sector plays a remarkable role in decreasing of the overall global CO2 emissions since as much as 30% from the total global CO2 emission are generated in buildings. Demand response provides one possibility to tackle the problem. It can be used to decrease CO2 emissions in entire energy system in addition to providing energy cost savings for building owners and energy companies. In this study, the demand response potential was estimated in an educational office building that was heated by district heating. The potential was defined in respect of energy cost savings, energy flexibility and thermal comfort. Model predictive control was developed, which utilized the dynamic hourly district heating prices. The MPC algorithm written in the Matlab software, predicted the future heating demand while the optimization algorithm NSGA-II minimized the heating energy cost, maximized the energy flexibility and maintained acceptable thermal comfort by changing the space heating temperature setpoints. The operation of the MPC algorithm was tested in the IDA ICE 4.8 simulation software. As a result, the annual district heating energy costs could be reduced by 4.2% compared to the reference case with constant space heating temperature setpoint of 21 °C. The maximum flexibility factor attained was 14%. Acceptable level of thermal comfort was maintained throughout the simulation time.

CONCEPTUAL POSITIONS OF MODERNIZATION OF EXISTING INEFFICIENT DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Ye.Ye. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Energy Management Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
District Heating Systems

The current situation in the sphere of district heating is analysed on the basis of use of the cognitive approach. The presence of closed chains of cause-effect relationships of negative factors and conflicts of target settings of the subjects in the field of district heating is shown. The conceptual model of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is proposed. This model includes indicators of the current status of heat sources, networks and heat consumers, energetic and economic models, restrictions, procedure of forming and analysis of the mutual influence of the recommended projects. The quantitative data on indicators of the current state of district heating systems of the cities of Ukraine are presented. The interrelation between indicators of the current state and projects of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is shown. Assessment of energy self-sufficiency of municipal district heating systems on condition of thermal modernization of buildings is carried out. The creation of energy management systems at the district heating enterprises is proposed. Bib. 6, Fig. 7, Tab. 5.

The use of insoluble matter of Moroccan oil shale for removal of dyes from aqueous solution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
New Material ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Moderate Cost

The study aims to use an adsorbent natural based of Moroccan oil shale of Timahdit area (Y layer) in a physical-chemical adsorption process for treating industrial discharges colorful. The used adsorbent is the insoluble party of the sub-critical extraction of decarbonized oil shale of Timahdit. The tests performed on the methylene blue (MB), showed a strong elimination in the first 10 minutes. The influences of various experimental parameters were studied: mass ratio of adsorbent, time and temperature of thermal treatment, contact time, pH of MB and heating temperature of solution on the parameters of material were studied. The experimental results have shown that the adsorption of methylene blue dye by the adsorbent is more than 90% at initial pH a range 6-7 at room temperature for 30 minutes. The process is simple and the adsorbent produced is a new material with interesting adsorption capacities of moderate cost which does not require an activating agent and can be used as industrial adsorbent for the decontamination of effluents containing organic pollutants.

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