Remodelling of the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix: Role of Collagen Degradation and Accumulation in Pathogenesis of Heart Failure

2015 ◽  
pp. 219-235
Author(s):  
Abhijit Takawale ◽  
Mengcheng Shen ◽  
Dong Fan ◽  
Zamaneh Kassiri
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Collagen Degradation

scholarly journals Role of the cardiac extracellular matrix in the onset and progression of heart failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 4362
Author(s):  
N. N. Ilov ◽  
K. Sh. Arnaudova ◽  
A. A. Nechepurenko ◽  
A. L. Yasenyavskaya ◽  
O. A. Bashkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Electrical Remodeling ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diastolic Functions

Any cardiovascular disease leads to heart failure (HF) — a complex clinical syndrome, the course of which is probably specified by the influence of cardiovascular factors on cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM).The presented literature data indicate that the cardiac ECM is an important pathophysiological link in the onset and progression of HF. The morphological and electrical remodeling negatively affects the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. Impaired myocardial blood delivery, cellular maladaptation, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are additional mechanisms of the influence of myocardial fibrosis on HF course.Understanding this role of ECM and the development of algorithms for verifying the individual status of ECM in cardiovascular patients can provide additional data on the course of HF, help to assess the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and effectively control the ongoing pharmacological and non-drug therapy.

scholarly journals Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase in the Progression of Heart Failure: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sidhi Laksono ◽  
Budhi Setianto ◽  
Reynaldo Halomoan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Cardiac Remodelling ◽  
Ecm Degradation

Heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease with a complex pathological pathway and influenced by many factors. Such a complex pathological mechanism would impair cardiac function and structural stability. One that plays a role in maintaining the function and structure of the heart is the extracellular matrix (ECM), and disruption in the extracellular matrix has a role in causing cardiac dysfunction. ECM regulation is associated with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases can lead to ECM degradation process which leads to cardiac remodelling. The role of MMP in heart failure is also related to the increased inflammatory response, which is one of the pathways for progression of heart failure. The close association of MMP with the development of heart failure makes MMP a potential biological marker. This article aims was to understand the role of MMP and its mechanisms in cardiac remodelling pathways leading to heart failure. This narrative review suggests that overexpression of MMP can lead to heart failure. Inflammation is one of the factors triggering the expression of MMP. Inflammation will increase the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby triggering MMP expression. MMP expression imbalance can damage collagen tissue through ECM degradation and damage the structure and function of the heart. MMP can also be used as a biological marker in heart failure cases. The application of MMP as a biological marker can be used to assess the degree of disease severity as well as a predictor of heart failure. In conclusion, MMP has an important role in the development process of heart failure and can be a biological marker in cases of heart failure.

scholarly journals How does the Extracellular Matrix Change in the Setting of Heart Failure?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Amerikos Argyriou
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Metalloproteinase Inhibitors

The Extracellular Matrix is a dynamic entity, showing constant degradation and deposition while providing the framework for the cardiomyocytes and interstitial proteins to lie on. Its function is important for the proper myocyte alignment within the heart and for internal communication from cell to matrix. Dysregulation of the remodeling process resulting in the breakdown of collagen by matrix metalloproteinases is a hallmark of heart failure pathophysiology and produces functional changes encompassing all matrix proteins. Several etiologies with distinct mechanisms ultimately bring about signs of heart exhaustion such as reduced ejection fraction, reduced compliance and ventricular dilatation. Discussed in this paper is the role of inflammation, collagen cross-linking and of myofibroblasts in matrix dysfunction and the mechanisms with which these changes occur in heart failure. Understanding extracellular protein roles within this context would allow for specific drug targeting and thus prevention of heart failure in the early stages of the disease. More studies must be conducted to discover the specific matrix proteins and cytokines that modulate the pathological remodeling process. Serum biomarkers of extracellular degradation products, selective metalloproteinase inhibitors and a personalized treatment approach with a revisal of the current classification of heart failure are topics requiring further exploration.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix in Cardiac Tissue Mechanics and Physiology: Role of Collagen Accumulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen LeBar ◽  
Zhijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Collagen Accumulation ◽  
Heart Failure Progression

The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms a mesh surrounding tissue, made up of fibrous and non-fibrous proteins that contribute to the cellular function, mechanical properties of the tissue and physiological function of the organ. The cardiac ECM remodels in response to mechanical alterations (e.g., pressure overload, volume overload) or injuries (e.g., myocardial infarction, bacterial infection), which further leads to mechanical and functional changes of the heart. Collagen, the most prevalent ECM protein in the body, contributes significantly to the mechanical behavior of myocardium during disease progression. Alterations in collagen fiber morphology and alignment, isoform, and cross-linking occur during the progression of various cardiac diseases. Acute or compensatory remodeling of cardiac ECM maintains normal cardiac function. However, chronic or decompensatory remodeling eventually results in heart failure, and the exact mechanism of transition into maladaptation remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the primary role of collagen accumulation (fibrosis) in heart failure progression, with a focus on its effects on myocardial tissue mechanical properties and cellular and organ functions.

scholarly journals The Extracellular Matrix in Ischemic and Nonischemic Heart Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Vascular Cells ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Ecm Proteins

The ECM (extracellular matrix) network plays a crucial role in cardiac homeostasis, not only by providing structural support, but also by facilitating force transmission, and by transducing key signals to cardiomyocytes, vascular cells, and interstitial cells. Changes in the profile and biochemistry of the ECM may be critically implicated in the pathogenesis of both heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The patterns of molecular and biochemical ECM alterations in failing hearts are dependent on the type of underlying injury. Pressure overload triggers early activation of a matrix-synthetic program in cardiac fibroblasts, inducing myofibroblast conversion, and stimulating synthesis of both structural and matricellular ECM proteins. Expansion of the cardiac ECM may increase myocardial stiffness promoting diastolic dysfunction. Cardiomyocytes, vascular cells and immune cells, activated through mechanosensitive pathways or neurohumoral mediators may play a critical role in fibroblast activation through secretion of cytokines and growth factors. Sustained pressure overload leads to dilative remodeling and systolic dysfunction that may be mediated by changes in the interstitial protease/antiprotease balance. On the other hand, ischemic injury causes dynamic changes in the cardiac ECM that contribute to regulation of inflammation and repair and may mediate adverse cardiac remodeling. In other pathophysiologic conditions, such as volume overload, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, the cell biological effectors mediating ECM remodeling are poorly understood and the molecular links between the primary insult and the changes in the matrix environment are unknown. This review article discusses the role of ECM macromolecules in heart failure, focusing on both structural ECM proteins (such as fibrillar and nonfibrillar collagens), and specialized injury-associated matrix macromolecules (such as fibronectin and matricellular proteins). Understanding the role of the ECM in heart failure may identify therapeutic targets to reduce geometric remodeling, to attenuate cardiomyocyte dysfunction, and even to promote myocardial regeneration.

scholarly journals The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the myocardial remodeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Vladlen V. Bazylev ◽  
Tatyana V. Kanaeva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
Structural Event

The main structural event in the development of heart failure is the myocardial remodeling. The extracellular matrix, that was knows as, considered an inert framework of cardiomyocytes, plays an important role in cardiac remodeling. The enzyme system, primarily responsible for the degradation of the extracellular matrix, is a matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). This review examines the evidence for the participation of MMP in the myocardial remodeling and recent studies of MMP as prognostic markers. Regulation of induction and/or activation of MMP are potential therapeutic targets.

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