Wood-Frame Residential Buildings in Windstorms: Past Performance and New Directions

2016 ◽  
pp. 291-310
Author(s):  
John W. van de Lindt ◽  
Thang N. Dao
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Wood Frame

scholarly journals Increasing the Seismic Resistance of Wood-frame Buildings by Applying PU Foam as Thermal Insulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Migda ◽  
Marcin Szczepański ◽  
Robert Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Wood Frame

Wood-frame buildings are very common in regions that are exposed to earthquakes. Most of residential buildings are constructed using this technology; therefore, the seismic resistance of them is really essential in order to prevent human losses and structural damage. The aim of the present article is to show the results of the detailed numerical FEM analysis focused on the seismic behaviour of the wood-frame house with different in-wall insulation materials. The results of the study clearly indicate that using polyurethane (PU) foam instead of mineral wool leads to the increase in the rigidity of the structure and, therefore, to the substantial reduction in the structural response under different seismic excitations. The results also show that, generally speaking, the level of reduction in the displacement response increases with the increase in the magnitude of the earthquake, which even furthermore benefits the application of PU foam as an insulation material. It has also been concluded that the method of using PU foam can be successfully applied not only in the newly constructed wood-frame houses but also in existing ones since replacing the mineral wool with PU foam is relatively easy and not so much expensive.

scholarly journals Improving the Sustainability of Traditional Dwellings in Yunnan, China: Seismic Resistance Testing of Wood-frame and Earth-Built Wall Dwellings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Bai ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Adrian Pitts ◽  
Yun Gao ◽  
Wenfeng Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Earthquakes In China ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Wood Frame

The Southwest provinces of China are locations with a rich variety of different dwelling design typologies based on traditional cultures and ethnic groups. In this area, the Province of Yunnan has many such dwelling types, and it is also an area with most frequent earthquakes in China. The seismic problems of housing structure must therefore be solved as part of the study on sustainable development of villages to provide relevant advice for future design options. This paper reports research, which evolved over a ten-year period that deals with the seismic capacity of residential buildings. Simulations using shaking table tests were carried out to assess the performance of traditional residential structures as well with the impacts of material modifications and the structural strengthening of common residential building components found in Yunnan. Relevant and pertinent construction technology solutions that could enhance the seismic capacity of residential buildings and act as innovative improvements for the sustainability of rural dwellings are suggested.

scholarly journals Experimental Study On The Flexural Behavior Of Structural Insulated Headers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Benadova
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Design Strength ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Flexural Tests

A series of flexural tests were conducted on 18 structural insulated header panels with timber flanges and Oriented Strand Board (OSB) webs to predict their behavior when subject to gravity loading when used in residential and low rise non-residential buildings. The experiments were designed and performed to test full-scale Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) headers for exterior or interior wall residential construction. The structural adequacy of the header panels of various sizes is investigated in order to meet both strength and serviceability limit-state design requirements per Canadian Standards for timber design. Strength requirements included flexure and shear, while serviceability check included limiting deflection under operating conditions. Results from experimental testing were used to draw conclusions with respect to the structural qualifications for these SIP headers to be "as good as" the structural capacity of conventional wood-frame buildings.

scholarly journals SAKEN NARYNOV’S ARTWORKS: THE SYMBIOSIS OF ARCHITECTURE AND TOPOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
G.S. Abdrassilova ◽  
◽  
L.M. Aukhadiyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Regional Architecture

The works of Kazakh architect Saken Narynov attract researchers from various countries due to their innovative features. His works divided into three groups: topological experiments; public and residential buildings; futuristic projects. The article is based on the study of scientific papers, conversations with the architect, as well as design and graphic documents from the master’s archive. The analysis S. Narynov’s works allows to identify new directions in the modern regional architecture of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Tightness of Single-Family Buildings Made in Prefabricated Wood Frame Technology

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4500
Author(s):  
Artur Nowoświat ◽  
Iwona Pokorska-Silva ◽  
Mateusz Konewecki
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Frame Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wall System ◽  
Made In

The overall objective of the study is to determine the influence of various factors on the tightness of frame-based buildings. The study presents airtightness tests—Blow Doors Tests of single-family residential buildings made in the prefabricated wood frame technology. Primarily, the impact of selected quantitative and qualitative parameters on the determined quantity n50 was defined. For that purpose, correlation analyses were performed and the statistical hypothesis stating that there is no statistically significant linear relationship between n50 (a multiplication factor of air exchange in the building effected by pressure difference of 50 Pa) and the specified qualitative and quantitative parameters was verified. The hypothesis was verified using the F and χ2 statistics. The studies demonstrated that there are no grounds to reject the research hypothesis. The obtained results formulate a comprehensive conclusion that allows to test the tightness of buildings made in the prefabricated wood frame technology and makes the tightness results independent of many features of the examined building. Ultimately, the tightness results are only dependent on the leak of the examined object. They do not depend on roof structure, wall system, floor area, cubature, number of window openings, porch.

Using safety inspection data to estimate shaking intensity for the 1994 Northridge earthquake

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253
Author(s):  
Katharina Thywissen ◽  
John Boatwright
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
1994 Northridge Earthquake

Abstract We map the shaking intensity suffered in Los Angeles County during the 17 January 1994, Northridge earthquake using municipal safety inspection data. The intensity is estimated from the number of buildings given red, yellow, or green tags, aggregated by census tract. Census tracts contain from 200 to 4000 residential buildings and have an average area of 6 km2 but are as small as 2 and 1 km2 in the most densely populated areas of the San Fernando Valley and downtown Los Angeles, respectively. In comparison, the zip code areas on which standard MMI intensity estimates are based are six times larger, on average, than the census tracts. We group the buildings by age (before and after 1940 and 1976), by number of housing units (one, two to four, and five or more), and by construction type, and we normalize the tags by the total number of similar buildings in each census tract. We analyze the seven most abundant building categories. The fragilities (the fraction of buildings in each category tagged within each intensity level) for these seven building categories are adjusted so that the intensity estimates agree. We calibrate the shaking intensity to correspond with the modified Mercalli intensities (MMI) estimated and compiled by Dewey et al. (1995); the shapes of the resulting isoseismals are similar, although we underestimate the extent of the MMI = 6 and 7 areas. The fragility varies significantly between different building categories (by factors of 10 to 20) and building ages (by factors of 2 to 6). The post-1940 wood-frame multi-family (≧5 units) dwellings make up the most fragile building category, and the post-1940 woodframe single-family dwellings make up the most resistant building category.

Nonlinear Time-History Analysis of a Six-Story Wood Platform Frame Buildings in Vancouver, British Columbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Ni ◽  
Shiling Pei ◽  
John W. van de Lindt ◽  
Steven Kuan ◽  
Marjan Popovski
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Time History ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Nonlinear Time History Analysis ◽  
Frame Buildings ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Nonlinear Time History

In 2009, the British Columbia Building Code was amended to increase the allowable height of wood-frame residential buildings to six stories from four stories. This paper presents the details of a numerical study undertaken to understand the seismic performance of six-story wood-frame buildings designed in accordance with the 2006 British Columbia Building Code. To investigate the seismic behavior, a four-story building was used to represent the benchmark seismic performance prior to the amendment. Two independent analyses using computer programs DRAIN-3DX and SAPWood were carried out on representative buildings located in the city of Vancouver, BC, using a suite of 20 earthquake records scaled to the design seismic hazard level for the site. The analyses showed that six-story wood-frame buildings had similar performance to four-story wood-frame buildings.

scholarly journals An Experimental Framework for Investigating the Hygrothermal Properties of Multi-Functional Wood Fibre and XPS Panels for Residential Buildings

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Emtiaz Salim ◽  
Hadia Awad ◽  
Mustafa Gül ◽  
Robert Knudson ◽  
Mohamed Al-Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Hygrothermal Performance ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Wall Assembly

In this paper, an experimental setup developed for an ongoing project to investigate the hygrothermal performance of wall systems under different climate conditions is presented. As a step toward establishing the hygrothermal performance of various wood-frame wall assemblies, this research focuses on field experimentation of two types of multi-functional panels (MFPs), along with a conventional wall assembly, in two different locations in Canada: Vancouver, British Columbia, and Edmonton, Alberta. The three wall assembly types are adjacent to one another along the north- and south-facing walls of the test huts in the two cities. This experiment focuses on the effect of the various ambient weather conditions on the two innovative MFPs and on the conventional wall assembly, and on determining the long-term hygrothermal performance of the tested assemblies; it also establishes the passive solar effect on the south-facing assemblies compared to the corresponding north-oriented assemblies. Both MFPs are fixed on the exterior side of a conventional wood-frame wall assembly. The components of the first MFP are 6.4 mm Oriented Strand Board (OSB), 40 mm wood-fiber insulationäóîan environmentally-friendly and fully recyclable materialäóîand 6.4 mm OSB, while those of the second MFP are 6.4 mm OSB, 25 mm Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) core, and 6.4 mm OSB. Along with the details of the experimental setups, some sample data is presented.

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