Laminar Data Flow: On the Role of Slicing in Functional Data-Flow Programming

2016 ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baltasar Trancón y Widemann ◽  
Markus Lepper
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Data Flow

scholarly journals Recommendations for the collection and use of multiplexed functional data for clinical variant interpretation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Gelman ◽  
◽  
Jennifer N. Dines ◽  
Jonathan Berg ◽  
Alice H. Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Variant Interpretation ◽  
Variants Of Uncertain Significance ◽  
Uncertain Significance ◽  
Genetics And Genomics ◽  
New Guidelines

AbstractVariants of uncertain significance represent a massive challenge to medical genetics. Multiplexed functional assays, in which the functional effects of thousands of genomic variants are assessed simultaneously, are increasingly generating data that can be used as additional evidence for or against variant pathogenicity. Such assays have the potential to resolve variants of uncertain significance, thereby increasing the clinical utility of genomic testing. Existing standards from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)/Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) and new guidelines from the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) establish the role of functional data in variant interpretation, but do not address the specific challenges or advantages of using functional data derived from multiplexed assays. Here, we build on these existing guidelines to provide recommendations to experimentalists for the production and reporting of multiplexed functional data and to clinicians for the evaluation and use of such data. By following these recommendations, experimentalists can produce transparent, complete, and well-validated datasets that are primed for clinical uptake. Our recommendations to clinicians and diagnostic labs on how to evaluate the quality of multiplexed functional datasets, and how different datasets could be incorporated into the ACMG/AMP variant-interpretation framework, will hopefully clarify whether and how such data should be used. The recommendations that we provide are designed to enhance the quality and utility of multiplexed functional data, and to promote their judicious use.

scholarly journals Empathy in individuals clinically at risk for psychosis: Brain and behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Derntl ◽  
Tanja Maria Michel ◽  
Pamela Prempeh ◽  
Volker Backes ◽  
Andreas Finkelmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Ability ◽  
Significant Deficit ◽  
Behavioural Performance

BackgroundEmpathy is a basic human ability, and patients with schizophrenia show dysfunctional empathic abilities on the behavioural and neural level.AimsThese dysfunctions may precede the onset of illness; thus, it seems mandatory to examine the empathic abilities in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.MethodUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging, we measured 15 individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR group) and compared their empathy performance with 15 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with schizophrenia.ResultsBehavioural data analysis indicated no significant deficit in the CHR group. Functional data analysis revealed hyperactivation in a frontotemporoparietal network including the amygdala in the CHR group compared with the other two groups.ConclusionsDespite normal behavioural performance, the CHR group activated the neural empathy network differently and specifically showed hyperactivation in regions critical for emotion processing. This could suggest a compensatory mechanism reflecting emotional hypersensitivity or dysfunctional emotion regulation. Further investigations should clarify the role of these neural alterations for development and exacerbation of psychosis.

scholarly journals Dissociable Cerebellar-Prefrontal Networks Underlying Executive Function: Evidence from the Human Connectome Project

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Orr ◽  
Trevor B. Jackson ◽  
Michael J. Imburgio ◽  
Jessica A. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Crus I ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

AbstractTo date, investigations of executive function (EF) have focused on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and prominent theories of EF are framed with respect to this brain region. Multiple theories describe a hierarchical functional organization for the lateral PFC. However, recent evidence has indicated that the cerebellum (CB) also plays a role in EF. Posterior CB regions (Crus I & II) show structural and functional connections with the PFC, and CB networks are associated with individual differences in EF in healthy adults. However, it is unclear whether the cerebellum shows a similar functional gradient as does the PFC. Here, we investigated high-resolution resting-state data from 225 participants in the Human Connectome Project. We compared resting-state connectivity from posterior cerebellar ROIs, and examined functional data from several tasks that activate the lateral PFC. Demonstrating preliminary evidence for parallel PFC and CB gradients, Crus I was functionally connected with rostrolateral PFC, Crus II with middle and ventral PFC, and Lobule VI with posterior PFC. Contrary to previous work, the activation of the task thought to activate rostrolateral PFC resembled the connectivity maps of Crus II, not Crus I; similarly, the activation of the task thought to activate middle PFC resembled the connectivity maps of Crus I, not Crus II. Nevertheless, there was evidence for dissociable CB-PFC networks. Further work is necessary to understand the functional role of these networks.

scholarly journals Use of Depth Measure for Multivariate Functional Data in Disease Prediction: An Application to Electrocardiograph Signals

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Tarabelloni ◽  
Francesca Ieva ◽  
Rachele Biasi ◽  
Anna Maria Paganoni
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Covariance Operators ◽  
Multivariate Functional Data ◽  
Nonparametric Comparison ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Generalized Regression Model

AbstractIn this paper we develop statistical methods to compare two independent samples of multivariate functional data that differ in terms of covariance operators. In particular we generalize the concept of depth measure to this kind of data, exploiting the role of the covariance operators in weighting the components that define the depth. Two simulation studies are carried out to validate the robustness of the proposed methods and to test their effectiveness in some settings of interest. We present an application to Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals aimed at comparing physiological subjects and patients affected by Left Bundle Branch Block. The proposed depth measures computed on data are then used to perform a nonparametric comparison test among these two populations. They are also introduced into a generalized regression model aimed at classifying the ECG signals.

scholarly journals Trajectory of blood pressure change during pregnancy and the role of pre-gravid blood pressure: a functional data analysis approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minxue Shen ◽  
Hongzhuan Tan ◽  
Shujin Zhou ◽  
Graeme N. Smith ◽  
Mark C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Functional Data Analysis ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Blood Pressure Change ◽  
Analysis Approach

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Analysis of Essential pre-mRNA Splicing Factor Prp19p

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie D. Ohi ◽  
Craig W. Vander Kooi ◽  
Joshua A. Rosenberg ◽  
Liping Ren ◽  
Justin P. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Coiled Coils ◽  
Binding Partner ◽  
Central Stalk ◽  
Interaction Surface

ABSTRACT U-box-containing Prp19p is an integral component of the Prp19p-associated complex (the nineteen complex, or NTC) that is essential for activation of the spliceosome. Prp19p makes numerous protein-protein contacts with other NTC components and is required for NTC stability. Here we show that Prp19p forms a tetramer in vitro and in vivo and we map the domain required for its oligomerization to a central tetrameric coiled-coil. Biochemical and in vivo analyses are consistent with Prp19p tetramerization providing an interaction surface for a single copy of its binding partner, Cef1p. Electron microscopy showed that the isolated Prp19p tetramer is an elongated particle consisting of four globular WD40 domains held together by a central stalk consisting of four N-terminal U-boxes and four coiled-coils. These structural and functional data provide a basis for understanding the role of Prp19p as a key architectural component of the NTC.

scholarly journals Asynchronous-streamed model for describing dynamically changing parallelism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Legalov ◽  
D.S. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Computing ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Data Flow ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Data Flow Model

The article presents the concept of an asynchronous-streamed model, which is an extension of the functional data-flow model of parallel computing. We suppose that the model will be used to describe dynamically changing parallelism. This model is based on the concept of asynchronous lists, which allow considering their parallelism as an independent way of describing the parallelism of the program. The specifics of asynchronous lists are represented. Using the examples, we show how to use this model to get temporary estimates of parallelism at different conditions of solving the problem. These estimates depends on correlation between data speed getting and computation time those data in parallel devices. Also, we demonstrate how two connected asynchronous-streamed functions can form pipeline automatically. As a result, we show out that on this model it is possible to obtain temporary estimates of the calculations performed and estimations which demonstrate the levels of parallelism.

scholarly journals Foundations of Total Functional Data-Flow Programming

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baltasar Trancón y Widemann ◽  
Markus Lepper
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Data Flow

scholarly journals Multimodal navigation in the functional microsurgical resection of intrinsic brain tumors located in eloquent motor areas: role of tractography

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. González-Darder ◽  
Pablo González-López ◽  
Fernando Talamantes ◽  
Vicent Quilis ◽  
Victoria Cortés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Motor Mapping ◽  
Wave Inversion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Motor Areas

Object Nowadays the role of microsurgical management of intrinsic brain tumors is to maximize the volumetric resection of the tumoral tissue, minimizing the postoperative morbidity. The purpose of this paper was to study the benefits of an original protocol developed for the microsurgical treatment of tumors located in eloquent motor areas where the navigation and electrical stimulation of motor subcortical pathways have been implemented. Methods A total of 17 patients who underwent resection of cortical or subcortical tumors in motor areas have been included in the series. The preoperative planning for multimodal navigation was done by integrating anatomical studies, motor functional MR (fMR) imaging, and subcortical pathway volumes generated by diffusion tensor (DT) imaging. Intraoperative neuromonitoring included motor mapping by direct cortical stimulation (CS) and subcortical stimulation (sCS), and localization of the central sulcus by using cortical multipolar electrodes and the N20 wave inversion technique. The location of all cortically and subcortically stimulated points with positive motor response was stored in the navigator and correlated with the cortical and subcortical motor functional structures defined preoperatively. Results The mean tumoral volumetric resection was 89.1 ± 14.2% of the preoperative volume, with a total resection (≥ 100%) in 8 patients. Preoperatively a total of 58.8% of the patients had some kind of motor neurological deficit, increasing 24 hours after surgery to 70.6% and decreasing to 47.1% at 1 month later. There was a great correlation between anatomical and functional data, both cortically and subcortically. A total of 52 cortical points submitted to CS had positive motor response, with a positive correlation of 83.7%. Also, a total of 55 subcortical points had positive motor response; in these cases the mean distance from the stimulated point to the subcortical tract was 7.3 ± 3.1 mm. Conclusions The integration of anatomical and functional studies allows a safe functional resection of the brain tumors located in eloquent areas. Multimodal navigation allows integration and correlation among preoperative and intraoperative anatomical and functional data. Cortical motor functional areas are anatomically and functionally located preoperatively thanks to MR and fMR imaging and subcortical motor pathways with DT imaging and tractography. Intraoperative confirmation is done with CS and N20 inversion wave for cortical structures and with sCS for subcortical pathways. With this protocol the authors achieved a good volumetric resection in cortical and subcortical tumors located in eloquent motor areas, with an increase in the incidence of neurological deficits in the immediate postoperative period that significantly decreased 1 month later. Ongoing studies must define the safe limits for functional resection, taking into account the intraoperative brain shift. Finally, it must be demonstrated whether this protocol has any long-term benefit for patients by prolonging the disease-free interval, the time to recurrence, or the survival time.

scholarly journals Biosynthetic Pathways and the Role of the Mas Receptor in the Effects of Angiotensin-(1–7) in Smooth Muscles

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Augusto Fressatto de Godoy ◽  
Larissa Pernomian ◽  
Ana Maria de Oliveira ◽  
Satish Rattan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Mas Receptor ◽  
Targeted Gene Deletion ◽  
Relevant Role

Ang-(1–7) is produced via degradation of Ang II by the human angiotensin converting enzyme, also known as ACE2. In the cardiovascular system, Ang-(1–7) has been shown to produce effects that are opposite to those of Ang II. These include smooth muscle relaxation and cardioprotection. While the roles of Ang-(1–7) in other systems are currently topic of intense research, functional data suggest a relaxation action in gastrointestinal smooth muscles in a way that corroborates the results obtained from vascular tissues. However, more studies are necessary to determine a relevant role for Ang-(1–7) in the gastrointestinal system. The Ang-(1–7) actions are mediated by a distinct, functional, Ang-(1–7) receptor: theMas receptoras shown by diverse studies involving site-specific binding techniques, selective antagonists, and targeted gene deletion. This paper provides an overview of the functional role and the molecular pathways involved in the biosynthesis and activity of Ang-(1–7) in diverse systems.

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