Migration of Ukrainians to the European Union: Background and Key Issues

Abstract Migration has been and will continue to be one of the key issues for Europe in the coming decades. Fundamental developments such as economy, climate change, globalization of transport and communication, war and instability in the neighbouring regions, are all factors that continue to drive people to come to Europe, in search of shelter and a better life or to reunite with their families. In recent years, vulnerability of forced migrants has been exacerbated by worsening conflicts in their home country, which make repatriation less and less a viable option, and by mounting intolerance within local communities. A growing number of potential refugees attempts to escape transit countries to reach the European Union by embarking in dangerous journeys to cross the Mediterranean Sea and illegally enter the European Union. Within the European Union resettlement represents a 'durable solution' for vulnerable forced migrants alongside local integration and voluntary repatriation, a protection tool for potential people whose lives and liberty are at risk. In Italy, a group of institutions from civil society and the Italian Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of Interior signed a Protocol of Agreement for the establishment of Humanitarian Corridors to ensure the legal and safe resettlement of asylum seekers. Our article will show how these Humanitarian Corridors proved to be a successful multi-stakeholder engagement to support safe and legal pathways to protection as well as durable solutions for third country nationals in need of protection.

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Key issues in the regulation of microbial bioprotectants in the European Union: challenges and solutions to achieve more sustainable crop protection

10.19103/as.2021.0093.07 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 187-222

Author(s):

Rüdiger Hauschild ◽

◽

Willem J. Ravensberg ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Market Access ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Crop Protection ◽

The European Union ◽

Management Procedure ◽

Key Issues ◽

Political Actions ◽

Chemical Pesticides ◽

Data Requirements

Microbial bioprotectants, like chemical pesticides, are required to pass a risk assessment and risk management procedure prior to use in plant protection, which in many countries is an obstacle for market access, in particular, the European Union. Administrative issues and data requirements, adapted from those used for chemicals, cause issues for both applicants and evaluators. These issues are reviewed and improvements are proposed. Biology should be the basis of the evaluation and data requirements for microorganisms, with an emphasis in this chapter on microbial compounds and testing methods. Political actions involving the use of pesticides are reviewed and recommendations are made on how to improve the system for microbial bioprotectants, including new uses. New legislation is suggested for all microorganisms used in agriculture and related uses based on the assumption that well-known microorganisms are of low risk to human health and the environment.

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Serious violent or sexual offenders travelling across European Union Borders: Ideological and ethical challenges of information exchange

European Journal of Probation ◽

10.1177/2066220316678749 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 128-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sarah Hilder ◽

Hazel Kemshall

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Sexual Offenders ◽

Information Exchange ◽

International Travel ◽

The European Union ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Key Issues ◽

Funded Project ◽

Collaborative Working

The relative ease of international travel, coupled with open borders across much of the European Union provides capacity for some serious violent or sexual offenders to utilise these advancements to increase their opportunities to offend. In 2013, an EU-funded project reviewed existing information exchange systems and the challenges of collaborative working across EU Member States to manage such offenders. This article reviews key issues arising from that research, and a range of ideological, ethical and legal differences and constraints that impact upon the choices and actions of law enforcement and probation personnel.

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Bilateral cooperation between the European Union and Mediterranean countries: an introduction to the institutional framework and key issues

Bilateral Relations in the Mediterranean ◽

10.4337/9781786432254.00017 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 109-139

Author(s):

Jan Wouters ◽

Michal Ovádek

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Institutional Framework ◽

The European Union ◽

Mediterranean Countries ◽

Key Issues ◽

Bilateral Cooperation

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ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL GROUNDS FOR DEPORTATION AND EXPULSION OF THIRD-COUNTRY NATIONALS FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION’S MEMBER STATES

Administrative law and process ◽

10.17721/2227-796x.2020.4.01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 5-17

Author(s):

Yuriy Voloshyn ◽

◽

Nataliia Mushak ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

The European Union ◽

Illegal Migration ◽

Member States ◽

Legal Method ◽

Key Issues ◽

The Right ◽

Legal Grounds ◽

The Eu ◽

Third Country Nationals

The purpose of the article is to highlight key issues related to the deportation and eviction ofthird-country nationals from the Member States of the European Union.The article covers the key issues related to the deportation and expulsion of third-country nationalsfrom the European Union’s member states. The research determines that within the European Union most of the issues related to the deportation and expulsion of third-country nationals fromthe EU territory and EU member states are classified as a common immigration policy.The study used a set of methods that defined its purpose and objectives. The authors used acomplex of general scientific and special scientific methods. The dialectical method of cognitionwas used in the analysis of legal relations that are developed within the EU and are in conditionsof continuous development and improvement. The historical and legal method provided anopportunity to investigate the practice of deportation by states at different stages of EU lawdevelopment. The comparative and legal method was used in comparison with the conditions ofdeportation in different European countries.The results of the article are determined by key provisions regulating the issue of deportationand eviction, which serve as legal measures in the fight against the EU and its member states withillegal migration.It has been established that deportation and expulsion serve as legal measures in the fight againstthe EU and its member states with illegal migration. It is emphasized that among the effectivemeans of combating illegal immigrants is the adoption by both the European Union and its MemberStates of the readmission agreements with third countries, which provide for the procedure ofsimplifying the return of persons who do not have legal grounds for staying in the territory of anEU member state, to the country of origin or transit, as well as solving problems related to thereturn procedure, formalizing the effective process of returning persons and preventing problemsin this in the field.The conclusions highlight that in most European countries, the issues of deportation and expulsionare regulated solely on the basis of national legislation, taking into account the standards andnorms of EU law. A number of documents that determine a safe third country have been analyzed.A safe third country is a country that guarantees the right of third-country nationals to apply forasylum.The research analyses the legal instruments of the European Union, which guarantee the right toasylum and provides for compliance with the principle of non-adoption. It is stated that no onecan be expelled or extradited to a state in which there is a serious danger that such a person maybe given a death penalty.There are legal grounds for non-resettlement, and individuals cannot be tortured or punished.

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The Islamic world in the foreign policy of the European Union in modern conditions

Ukrainian Religious Studies ◽

10.32420/2006.37.1703 ◽

2005 ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

V.O. Shved

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

Middle East ◽

Characteristic Feature ◽

European Commission ◽

The European Union ◽

Council Of Europe ◽

Islamic World ◽

Key Issues ◽

Policy Priority

A characteristic feature of the EU's current foreign policy course is its stepping up its policy towards relations with Islamic countries, especially the Middle East and Middle East, and enhancing its role in addressing key issues in the region. To date, the region has been identified in the Council of Europe and European Commission documents as a "key foreign policy priority"

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The nature and character of the European Union and the problem of representative democracy

Napredak ◽

10.5937/napredak2002113q ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 113-126

Author(s):

Zoran Čupić

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Political Parties ◽

Representative Democracy ◽

The European Union ◽

Political Awareness ◽

Constitutional Order ◽

Nation States ◽

History Of ◽

Key Issues ◽

The Will

After more than three decades of primarily economic expansion, the European Union has entered a much more sensitive phase of its development. It has set off on "a road less travelled" concerning these forms of supranational organization - political integration. The result is in every sense a unique and extraordinary creation, albeit unfinished, unprecedented in the history of international relations, particularly in the area of supranational integration. That is why one of the key issues requiring explanation is whether the functioning of the European Union is really based on representative democracy, and, in this context, whether political parties, as its chief exponent in nation-states, contribute to "the formation of European political awareness and the expression of the will of citizens of the Union" at the European level. If we take into account the existing constitutional order of the European Union and the place of Europarties in it - their role, formal, legal and procedural framework of action not yet clearly defined - it is obvious that they are not able to contribute to "the formation of European political awareness and the expression of the political will of the Union citizens".

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Budapest and Brussels’ migration policy (2014–2019)

10.31168/2712-8342.2021.2.4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-57

Author(s):

Bela Y. Zhelitski ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Middle East ◽

European Commission ◽

Migration Policy ◽

The Political ◽

The European Union ◽

Political Class ◽

Key Issues ◽

Migration Crisis ◽

The Eu

Following a brief description of the unprecedented waves of migration flowing into Europe from the Middle East and Africa, the author analyses the migration policy of the European Union and Hungary's attitude towards this policy between 2014 and 2019. The study centers on the positions, views, and specific actions of the leadership of the European Commission and the political class of Hungary, as well as the relations between them. The main approaches of the parties towards solving the problems of the migration crisis and the differences between them on key issues of migration policy, which at times turned into confrontations between Budapest and Brussels, are shown. Particular attention is given to the circumstances that led to the EU migration crisis.

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Law and Justice Party on Poland’s European policy

10.31168/2712-8342.2021.2.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120-133

Author(s):

Oleg Y. Mikhalev ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Family Values ◽

The European Union ◽

European Policy ◽

National Interests ◽

A Value ◽

Key Issues ◽

Law And Justice ◽

Polish Economy ◽

The Eu

The chapter traces the evolution of the views of the Law and Justice Party (PiS), which has been in power in Poland since 2015, on the role and position of the country in the European Union. Since its formation in 2001, PiS has positioned itself as a “Eurorealist” party, focusing on preserving sovereignty and defending Poland's national interests. The attitude of PiS towards such key issues as Poland's accession to the EU and the drafting of the Constitutional and Lisbon Treaties is examined. The main focus of the chapter is on the problems in EU relations faced by PiS during its time in power. The author concludes that the opposition of PiS to the European Union is of a value nature, resulting from different approaches in Warsaw and Brussels to such principles as state sovereignty, family values, attitude towards religion, etc. However, in utilitarian terms PiS is ready to cooperate with the EU and take advantage of the opportunities arising from its membership to increase the competitiveness of the Polish Economy and raise the standard of living in the country.

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The Future of the European Union in the Framework of Globalization

Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development - Globalization and Governance in the International Political Economy ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4639-1.ch014 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 184-196

Author(s):

Ebru Nergiz

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

European Union ◽

Economic Globalization ◽

Cultural Dimension ◽

The European Union ◽

Global Security ◽

The Future ◽

Key Issues

The future of the European Union is highly linked to globalization. The European Union is a global actor. It unites half a billion people. It is the world's largest economic block, with a quarter of global GDP. Managing globalization and strengthening its rules is vital for the European Union. One-fifth of Europe's wealth depends on its openness. In this chapter, the future of the European Union is examined in the framework of globalization. There are three key issues for the European Union in managing globalization. Firstly, economic globalization is discussed. Secondly, its cultural dimension, which means a stronger dialogue of civilizations and nations, is evaluated. Finally, the need to protect global security in terms of climate change and sustainable sources of energy is analyzed.

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