Building-Stock Analysis for the Definition of an Energy Renovation Scenario on the Urban Scale

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Dagmar Exner ◽  
Valentina D’Alonzo ◽  
Giulia Paoletti ◽  
Ramon Pascual ◽  
Roberta Pernetti
Keyword(s):  
Building Stock ◽  
Stock Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

Scientific basis for definition of a fault rupture hazard in Franz Josef Glacier, West Coast, New Zealand, and the fight to see use made of this information.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Toy ◽  
Bernhard Schuck ◽  
Risa Matsumura ◽  
Caroline Orchiston ◽  
Nicolas Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Alpine Fault ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Fault Trace ◽  
Definition Of

<p>There is currently around a 30% probability New Zealand’s Alpine Fault will accommodate another M~8 earthquake in the next 50 years. The fault passes through Franz Josef Glacier town, a popular tourist destination attracting up to 6,000 visitors per day during peak season. The township straddles the fault, with building stock and infrastructure likely to be affected by at least 8m horizontal and 1.5m vertical ground displacements in this coming event. New Alpine Fault science is presented here that adds to the strong evidence in support of moving the township northward and out of a 200m zone of deformation across the fault zone to mitigate future losses.</p><p>In 2011 two shallow boreholes were drilled at Gaunt Creek, as part of the Alpine Fault Drilling Project, DFDP. In cores collected from the deeper of these boreholes (DFDP-1B), two ‘principal slip zones (PSZ)’ were sampled, indicating the fault is not a simple geometrical structure. Subsequent studies of the recovered cores have demonstrated:</p><ol><li>The lower of the two PSZ in DFDP-1B has particle size distributions indicating it accommodated more coseismic strain than the shallower PSZ</li> <li>The PSZs sampled in the two boreholes have authigenic clay mineralogies diagnostic of different temperatures</li> </ol><p>These studies, combined with other recent outcrop studies nearby, highlight that the central Alpine Fault zone is a complex structure comprising multiple PSZ in the near surface, some of which may have been simultaneously active in past earthquakes. The results support previous studies (e.g. lidar mapping of offset Quaternary features) that underpinned definition of an ‘avoidance zone’ around the fault trace in the town. Sadly, local government has failed to acknowledge this risk in public legislature in a way that adequately protects tourism and community infrastructure, and the >1.3 million visitors passing through the region each year. We will explain other actions consequently taken to build awareness and resilience to this hazard.</p>

scholarly journals A Multilevel Procedure at Urban Scale to Assess the Vulnerability and the Exposure of Residential Masonry Buildings: The Case Study of Pordenone, Northeast Italy

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1433-1468
Author(s):  
Marco Vettore ◽  
Marco Donà ◽  
Pietro Carpanese ◽  
Veronica Follador ◽  
Francesca da Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Damage Scenarios ◽  
Residential Building Stock ◽  
Definition Of

More than the 60% of the Italian residential building stock had already been built by 1974, when seismic codes were enforced on a minimal part of the country. Unreinforced masonry buildings represent most of that share, but they are typical for each region, in terms of both materials and structural configurations. The definition of ‘regional’, i.e., more specific, vulnerability and exposure models are required to improve existing forecast models. The research presents a new geographic information system (GIS)-based multilevel procedure for earthquake disaster prevention planning at urban scale; it includes multicriteria analysis, such as architectural types, structural vulnerability analysis, microzonation studies, and socio-economic aspects. The procedure has been applied to the municipality of Pordenone (PN), a district town of the Friuli–Venezia–Giulia region, in Northeast Italy. To assess the urban seismic risk, more than 5000 masonry residential buildings were investigated and common types within sub-municipal areas and exposure data were collected. Simplified mechanical analysis provided a ‘regional’ vulnerability model through typological fragility curves. The integration of results into GIS tool permitted the definition of cross-mapping among vulnerability, damage scenarios (conditional and unconditional) and exposure (seismic losses, casualties, impact), with respect to various earthquake intensities expected in the town. These results are presented at different scales: from the single building, to submunicipal area and to the entire town.

The Influence of Geographical Resolution of Urban Exposure Data in an Earthquake Loss Model for Istanbul

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Engin Bal ◽  
Julian J. Bommer ◽  
Peter J. Stafford ◽  
Helen Crowley ◽  
Rui Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Earthquake Scenario ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Data Resolution ◽  
Earthquake Loss ◽  
Definition Of

Exposure data available to developers of earthquake loss models are often very crudely aggregated spatially, and in such cases very considerable effort can be required to refine the geographical resolution of the building stock inventory. The influence of the geographical resolution of the exposure data for the Sea of Marmara region in Turkey is explored using several different levels of spatial aggregation to estimate the losses due to a single earthquake scenario. The results show that the total damage over an urban area, expressed as a mean damage ratio (MDR), is rather insensitive to the spatial resolution of the exposure data if a sufficiently large number of ground-motion simulations are used. However, the variability of the MDR estimates does reduce as the spatial resolution becomes higher, reducing the number of simulations required, although there appears to be a law of diminishing returns in going to very high exposure data resolution. This is largely due to the inherent and irreducible spatial variability of ground motion, which suggests that if only mean MDR estimates are needed, the effort required to refine the spatial definition of exposure data is not justified.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Density Bonus in Building Renovation Interventions. The Case of the City of Florence in Italy

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Battisti ◽  
Orazio Campo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The City

The European Green Deal indicates the renovation of both public and private buildings as a key element for the improvement of energy efficiency in the building stock, in order to reach the goals of the document itself. New incentives, also including density bonus, can significantly contribute to foster diffuse actions. In Italy, the density bonus is under testing: the current framework has produced profitability for regeneration in some areas and unprofitability in others. This has led to a non-diffuse renewal, widening differences in richness and quality throughout territories subjected to the same reward measure. A territory is characterized by a high degree of typological and qualitative fragmentation and dissimilarity. Thus, the aim of the present work is the construction of a model that allows for identifying the entity of the reward measure in terms of density bonus. Density bonus can determine the feasibility of renovation interventions—in economic-financial terms and in relation to urban impact—taking into account the characteristics of the context (or micro-context) where they are performed. The research model is based on a Balance Sheet Model and is applied to the city of Florence. The model suggests an innovative approach where urban, landscape and environmental impacts produced by the density bonus are evaluated according to the economic amount needed for their mitigation. The expected results in the application of the model consist in the definition of an iso-bonus map organized by areas.

A Novel Contribution for Resilient Buildings. Theoretical Fragility Curves: Interaction between Energy and Structural Behavior for Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Alessandra De Angelis ◽  
Fabrizio Ascione ◽  
Rosa Francesca De Masi ◽  
Maria Rosaria Pecce ◽  
Giuseppe Peter Vanoli
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Definition Of

The paper introduces a new semi-probabilistic methodology for the definition of energy fragility curves suitable for a macro-classification of building stock inspired to and coupled with the widely adopted method of seismic fragility curves. The approach is applied to the reinforced concrete residential buildings of the Italian stock. Starting from a classification according to the climatic zone and the construction period, some reference buildings in terms of building envelope typologies have been defined and simulated by means of dynamic modeling tools. Then, cumulative distributions of the probability that the primary energy consumption for heating was comparable with certain threshold values are defined according to the climatic conditions expressed with the heating degree days, which constitute the intensity measure for the fragility curves. Finally, by focusing on the interaction points between structural and energetic aspects, it is shown how these curves can be useful for decision-makers with regards to definition of importance and or the level of intervention to be made to the building envelope for improving its seismic safety and the energy quality. Indeed, non-integrated interventions are more expensive and less efficient.

scholarly journals Market review over the energy policies that stimulate, encourage and adopt building codes for nZEB promotion: the US and the European case

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 16006
Author(s):  
Ligia Moga ◽  
Marcel Maghiar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Retrofit ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
The Us ◽  
Definition Of

The building sector represents on a worldwide level, one of the larger energy consumers that should reduce its negative impact on the exterior environment. On a European level there are several directives that promote the transition to a decarbonized building sector that can be achieved by promoting the design and energy retrofit activity into nearly Zero Energy Building. The 2020 Climate and Energy Package, the 2030 Climate and Energy Framework and the 2050 Long-Term Strategy have the same goal, of cutting greenhouse gas emissions to admissible levels. In the United States the US Department of Energy alongside with the National Institute of Building Sciences set several targets for the development of a very energy efficient building stock. Thus, the paper offers an overview of the energy legislation implementation in European countries and in the United States, with a focus on identifying similarities and differences between the two regions. The first focus of the paper is on technical or legislative aspects identified in Europe and the United States in promoting nZEBs. Second, the definition of nZEB and its progress will be discussed and third several case studies will be discussed with the aim of identifying key points in achieving nZEB levels.

scholarly journals Material intensity database for the Dutch building stock: Towards Big Data in material stock analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Sprecher ◽  
Teun Johannes Verhagen ◽  
Marijn Louise Sauer ◽  
Michel Baars ◽  
John Heintz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Stock Analysis ◽  
Material Intensity

scholarly journals European projects on district energy-renovations and Italian best practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Teso ◽  
Tiziano Dalla Mora ◽  
Piercarlo Romagnoni ◽  
Fabio Peron
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
District Energy ◽  
Subsequent Section ◽  
European Projects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Building Level

Buildings are the major source of greenhouse gas releases: lowering their energy consumption and emissions is particularly challenging for the existing building stock. This topic was examined at an individual building level in the International Energy Agency’s EBC Annex 56. However, the increasing request of nearly zero energy buildings highlight another important topic: the need of an increase in energy production for satisfying the required amount of renewable energy sources. This task could be solved at the district level for the existing buildings, even if it is a complex issue. This work presents a general introduction on the topic of Urban and Regional Integrated Energy Planning, with a focus on the regional and supraregional process to create and manage energy plans. After the first introductory part, the method is explained through a description of its main phases and the tools used. The subsequent section presents a general overview on the European projects that deal with the problem of district regeneration; the ones that are more related to the topic of this work are considered in a deeper way through tangible applications in Italian cities. The study of already done examples will help in the definition of benefits and drawbacks, with the aim to defining newer and better energy planning procedures.

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