Policy Research on School-Based Counseling in the United States: Establishing a Policy Research Agenda

2017 ◽  
pp. 399-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Carey ◽  
Ian Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Developing a Transformative Drug Policy Research Agenda in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Walker ◽  
Julie Netherland
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Policy ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Drug Policies ◽  
Abstinence Only ◽  
The U.S

Despite its strengths, drug policy scholarship in the United States has deficiencies and systemic biases that contribute to misinformation about drugs and people who use drugs. Factors ranging from funders’ biases to an overemphasis on abstinence-only outcomes limit the scope and focus of drug policy research. These deficiencies and the highly politicized nature of drug policy reform have led U.S. decision-makers to largely reproduce the uninformed thinking that epitomizes failed drug policies. In an effort to address some of these limitations, we designed Unbounded Knowledge: Envisioning a New Future for Drug Policy Research, a project to engage researchers in thinking about how U.S. drug policy research should be transformed. The project involved a diverse group of multidisciplinary drug researchers and clinicians in a focused collaboration to identify what drug research should be—but is not—studying in the U.S. It consisted of: (1) a preliminary series of interviews with researchers, (2) identification of common research constraints and factors that would transform the direction of drug policy research in the U.S., and (3) a daylong workshop to craft an aspirational research agenda. Participants were broadly in consensus that significant changes are needed to create different ways to conduct drug policy research and new opportunities within the research environment. They also generated specific ideas for research that could better shape U.S. drug policies in ways that move beyond the dominant focus on criminalization and medicalization. This article offers recommendations generated by the project for improving drug policy research in the U.S.

Environmental and Policy Approaches for Promoting Physical Activity in the United States: A Research Agenda*

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Cheryl M. Kelly ◽  
Amy A. Eyler ◽  
Cheryl Carnoske ◽  
Lisa Grost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Planning And Design

Background:Environmental and policy approaches are promising strategies to raise population-wide rates of physical activity; yet, little attention has been paid to the development and prioritization of a research agenda on these topics that will have relevance for both researchers and practitioners.Methods:Using input from hundreds of researchers and practitioners, a research agenda was developed for promoting physical activity through environmental and policy interventions. Concept mapping was used to develop the agenda.Results:Among those who brainstormed ideas, 42% were researchers and 33% were practitioners. The data formed a concept map with 9 distinct clusters. Based on ratings by both researchers and practitioners, the policy research cluster on city planning and design emerged as the most important, with economic evaluation second.Conclusions:Our research agenda sets the stage for new inquiries to better understand the environmental and policy influences on physical activity.

scholarly journals Household COVID-19 risk and in-person schooling

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. eabh2939
Author(s):  
Justin Lessler ◽  
M. Kate Grabowski ◽  
Kyra H. Grantz ◽  
Elena Badillo-Goicoechea ◽  
C. Jessica E. Metcalf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Office Work ◽  
School Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Extra Curricular Activities ◽  
Low Levels

In-person schooling has proved contentious and difficult to study throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data from a massive online survey in the United States indicates an increased risk of COVID-19-related outcomes among respondents living with a child attending school in-person. School-based mitigation measures are associated with significant reductions in risk, particularly daily symptoms screens, teacher masking, and closure of extra-curricular activities. A positive association between in-person schooling and COVID-19 outcomes persists at low levels of mitigation, but when seven or more mitigation measures are reported, a significant relationship is no longer observed. Among teachers, working outside the home was associated with an increase in COVID-19-related outcomes, but this association is similar to other occupations (e.g., healthcare, office work). While in-person schooling is associated with household COVID-19 risk, this risk can likely be controlled with properly implemented school-based mitigation measures.

‘How come they don’t talk about it in school?’ Identifying adolescent barriers to PrEP use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Gailloud ◽  
Tatiana Gonzalez-Argoti ◽  
Sophia Philip ◽  
Lena S Josephs ◽  
Joanne E Mantell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
School Based ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
School Based Health Centers ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Although 21% of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses in the United States are in youth aged 13–24 years, adolescent awareness and uptake of the HIV prevention medication pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are low. This study explores the attitudes and challenges that adolescents face while taking PrEP. Thirty interviews were conducted with Black and Latine (we use the gender-inclusive term Latine rather than Latinx for more appropriate Spanish pronunciation) students aged 15–17 who received care at school-based health centers (SBHCs) in the Bronx, NY. Transcripts were coded inductively and deductively using thematic analysis. Most participants were unaware of PrEP, but nearly all were enthusiastic when informed about it; a majority denied that they would feel any stigma when taking PrEP. Despite this high receptivity, multiple barriers were identified, particularly confidentiality from parents, low perceived need of PrEP and concerns about daily adherence and side effects. Adolescents overall were enthusiastic about the availability of PrEP and felt it empowered them to have control over their health. SBHCs were considered trusted sources of confidential, accessible care, and we believe that they can be uniquely positioned to mitigate barriers to PrEP distribution in the future.

The Global Scholar

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Postgraduate Studies ◽  
Globalising World

In our rapidly globalising world, “the global scholar” is a key concept for reimagining the roles of academics at the nexus of the global and the local. This book critically explores the implications of the concept for understanding postgraduate studies and supervision. It uses three conceptual lenses – “horizon”, “currency” and “trajectory” – to organise the thirteen chapters, concluding with a reflection on the implications of Covid-19 for postgraduate studies and supervision. Authors bring their perspectives on the global scholar from a variety of contexts, including South Africa, Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Chile, Germany, Cyprus, Kenya and Israel. They explore issues around policy, research and practice, sharing a concern with the relation between the local and the global, and a passion for advancing postgraduate studies and supervision.

Opportunities and Challenges Ahead for University-Based Evaluator Education Programs, Faculty, and Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-438
Author(s):  
John M. LaVelle ◽  
Stewart I. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Faculty Member ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Program Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Current State

The profession of evaluation continues to grow, generating more demand for evaluation services than can be fulfilled by the supply of well-trained evaluation practitioners. In this brief forum article, we discuss the current state of evaluator education in the United States and the ways in which university-based programs support the development of evaluation practitioners and scholars. We then discuss the opportunities and challenges university-based programs face, focusing on program design, the challenges of being an evaluation-focused faculty member, and the specific needs of evaluation graduate students. We conclude by providing a research agenda for evaluation scholars interested in advancing the knowledge base about university-based evaluator education.

The Paradox of Partisanship in the United States

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Campbell ◽  
Ove K. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political System ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Private Funding ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Political Divide

This chapter discusses how the United States experienced a crisis of partisanship that was marked by a continuing escalation in ideological rancor, polarization, and divisiveness in Washington. This entailed the proliferation of a more competitive and often contentious set of private policy research organizations thanks to numerous sources of tax deductible private funding from corporations and wealthy individuals, and a fragmented and porous political system. Paradoxically, as the crisis of partisanship reached an unprecedented level in the late 1990s and early 2000s, cooperation among some of these organizations broke out across the political divide due to the efforts of those who sensed the disastrous consequences of such mean-spirited partisanship for the country and for the credibility of their research organizations.

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