Comparative Empirical Analysis of the OECD Countries: Freedom, Equality and Sustainable Development in the OECD Countries (2002–2016)

2018 ◽  
pp. 115-150
Author(s):  
David F. J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Oecd Countries

scholarly journals Triangular Trajectory of Sustainable Development: Panel Analysis of the OECD Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Taewook Huh ◽  
Yun Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Social Expenditure

This study analyzes how the three pillars of sustainable development (economic growth, social justice, and environmental protection) have influenced each other for the past twenty-six years (from 1987 to 2013). The relationship between the triangular pillar of SD can be characterized by “ecological modernization”, “eco-socialism”, and the traditional debate between growth and distribution. This paper examined the correlation analysis of the nine representative variables in the three categories, adopting the cases of twenty-six OECD countries. In particular, the panel analysis (PCSE models) was conducted to identify the seven independent determinants affecting both response (dependent) variables and environmental factors (“CO2 emissions” and “renewable electricity output”). In short, during the entire period, the findings reveal that all economic and social variables did not have a positive impact on reducing CO2 emissions. However, the variables of “employment in industry” and “social expenditure” are effected by the increase of renewable electricity output. Consequently, highlighting the detailed findings different for each set period (1987–2013, 1987–2002, and 2003–2013), this study suggests the implications of the analysis result in the light of the theories of ecological modernization and eco-socialism.

Comparing the Arrangements of Governance and Sustainable Development in OECD Countries: Coupled or Decoupled?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
Huh Taewook
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Analysis ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study attempts to analyze to what extent governance and sustainable development (SD) empirically appear compatible in the thirtyfive OECD countries through the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, and identify which ideal types appear coupled or decoupled, and then reveal which countries belong to the coupled types or to the decoupled types. In short, twenty-two countries (including Sweden (fuzzy score, 0.953), Denmark (0.920), Finland (0.914), Norway (0.911) in Type 1 (G*S, ‘strong G-S coupled countries’); and Turkey (0.906), Greece (0.833), Mexico (0.828) in Type 4 (g*s, ‘lite g-s coupled countries’) are in line with the accepted conventions regarding the compatible relationship between governance and SD. On the other hand, the rest of thirteen countries (including USA (fuzzy score, 0.815), Luxembourg (0.721), Australia (0.660) in Type 2 (G*s, ‘G-s decoupled countries’); and Slovenia (0.728), France (0.644), Czech Rep. (0.625) in Type 3 (g*S, ‘g-S decoupled countries’) may indicate that the relationship of governance and SD is in fact experiencing tensions in the national contexts. These findings are characterized by the substance (of SD) and procedure (of governance) divide. Considering the results, this study focuses on the idea of reflexivity or reflexive capacity.

Benchmarking road safety development across OECD countries: An empirical analysis for a decade

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 105752
Author(s):  
Faan Chen ◽  
Jingyang Lyu ◽  
Tianye Wang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Oecd Countries

A Note On The Principle Of Equal Opportunities

2007 ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Fernando Cabrales ◽  
Ana Fernández ◽  
Fritz Grafe
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Optimal Taxation ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Optimal Tax ◽  
Equality Of Opportunities ◽  
The Individual

This note presents an empirical analysis of optimal taxation in Chile, adopting Roemer’s equality of opportunities as the evaluation criterion. The equality of opportunities optimal tax rules seek to equalize income differentials arising from factors beyond the control of the individual. Roemer’s theory of equality of opportunities (Roemer, 1998) has been employed to compute the extent to which tax-andtransfer regimes in some OECD countries equalize opportunities among citizens for income acquisition. In this note we apply this approach to Chile, a developing economy, and compare the results to those reported in Roemer, Aaberge, Colombino, Fritzell, Jenkins, Marx, Page, Pommer, Ruiz-Castillo, Segundo, Tranaes, Wagner and Zubiri (2003). We find that the optimal tax rate in Chile according to Roemer’s equalopportunities approach should be zero.

The Theory of Lateral Pressure: Highlights of Quantification and Empirical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Choucri ◽  
Gaurav Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
World War I ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
World War ◽  
Wide Range

The term lateral pressure refers to any tendency (or propensity) of states, firms, and other entities to expand their activities and exert influence and control beyond their established boundaries, whether for economic, political, military, scientific, religious, or other purposes. Framed by Robert C. North and Nazli Choucri, the theory addresses the sources and consequences of such a tendency. This chapter presents the core features—assumptions, logic, core variables, and dynamics—and summarizes the quantitative work undertaken to date. Some aspects of the theory analysis are more readily quantifiable than others. Some are consistent with conventional theory in international relations. Others are based on insights and evidence from other areas of knowledge, thus departing from tradition in potentially significant ways. Initially applied to the causes of war, the theory focuses on the question of: Who does what, when, how, and with what consequences? The causal logic in lateral pressure theory runs from the internal drivers (i.e., the master variables that shape the profiles of states) through the intervening variables (i.e., aggregated and articulated demands given prevailing capabilities), and the outcomes often generate added complexities. To the extent that states expand their activities outside territorial boundaries, driven by a wide range of capabilities and motivations, they are likely to encounter other states similarly engaged. The intersection among spheres of influence is the first step in complex dynamics that lead to hostilities, escalation, and eventually conflict and violence. The quantitative analysis of lateral pressure theory consists of six distinct phases. The first phase began with a large-scale, cross-national, multiple equation econometric investigation of the 45 years leading to World War I, followed by a system of simultaneous equations representing conflict dynamics among competing powers in the post–World War II era. The second phase is a detailed econometric analysis of Japan over the span of more than a century and two World Wars. The third phase of lateral pressure involves system dynamics modeling of growth and expansion of states from 1970s to the end of the 20th century and explores the use of fuzzy logic in this process. The fourth phase focuses on the state-based sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases to endogenize the natural environment in the study of international relations. The fifth phase presents a detailed ontology of the driving variables shaping lateral pressure and their critical constituents in order to (a) frame their interconnections, (b) capture knowledge on sustainable development, (c) create knowledge management methods for the search, retrieval, and use of knowledge on sustainable development and (d) examine the use of visualization techniques for knowledge display and analysis. The sixth, and most recent, phase of lateral pressure theory and empirical analysis examines the new realities created by the construction of cyberspace and interactions with the traditional international order.

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