Abnormal High-Level Event Recognition in Parking lot

2018 ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najla Bouarada Ghrab ◽  
Rania Rebai Boukhriss ◽  
Emna Fendri ◽  
Mohamed Hammami
Keyword(s):  
Event Recognition ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Wired to Exit: Exploring the Effects of Wayfinding Affordances in Underground Facilities Using Virtual Reality

2020 ◽  
pp. 104687812094456
Author(s):  
Panos Kostakos ◽  
Paula Alavesa ◽  
Mikko Korkiakoski ◽  
Mario Monteiro Marques ◽  
Victor Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Physiological Outcomes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Level Effect

Background Wayfinding has been adopted in several intense evacuation and navigation simulations; however, the use of biometric measurements for characterizing physiological outcomes has been somewhat overlooked and applied only under limited laboratory conditions. Methods Twenty-four participants took part in a virtual reality (VR) experiment using a wayfinding installation with the Oculus Rift S head-mounted display (HMD). They were immersed in a simulation of a burning underground parking lot and tasked to navigate to the exit. The purpose of this research was to investigate the high-level effect of wayfinding assistive lights on behavioral, physiological, and psychological outcomes. Participants were split into two groups: the control group was exposed to a scene without assistive lights, and the experimental group was exposed to the same scene with assistive lights. Results Results indicate there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in traveled distance, pauses, turns, or game completion time. Curiously, differences between the two groups in heart rate (HR) outcomes were found to be statistically significant, with subjects in the control group displaying an increasing HR trend during simulation. Conclusions This finding, in accordance with previous studies that have shown the efficacy of landmarks and wayfinding affordances in reducing cognitive demands, suggests that assistive lights might contribute to improved brain wiring connectivity during the game. We discuss these findings in the context of a rich wayfinding affordances literature.

scholarly journals Human frontoparietal cortex represents behaviorally relevant target status based on abstract object features

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Henderson ◽  
John T. Serences
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Irrelevant Dimension ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Object Identity ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
High Level

Searching for items that are useful given current goals, or “target” recognition, requires observers to flexibly attend to certain object properties at the expense of others. This could involve focusing on the identity of an object while ignoring identity-preserving transformations such as changes in viewpoint or focusing on its current viewpoint while ignoring its identity. To effectively filter out variation due to the irrelevant dimension, performing either type of task is likely to require high-level, abstract search templates. Past work has found target recognition signals in areas of ventral visual cortex and in subregions of parietal and frontal cortex. However, target status in these tasks is typically associated with the identity of an object, rather than identity-orthogonal properties such as object viewpoint. In this study, we used a task that required subjects to identify novel object stimuli as targets according to either identity or viewpoint, each of which was not predictable from low-level properties such as shape. We performed functional MRI in human subjects of both sexes and measured the strength of target-match signals in areas of visual, parietal, and frontal cortex. Our multivariate analyses suggest that the multiple-demand (MD) network, including subregions of parietal and frontal cortex, encodes information about an object’s status as a target in the relevant dimension only, across changes in the irrelevant dimension. Furthermore, there was more target-related information in MD regions on correct compared with incorrect trials, suggesting a strong link between MD target signals and behavior. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Real-world target detection tasks, such as searching for a car in a crowded parking lot, require both flexibility and abstraction. We investigated the neural basis of these abilities using a task that required invariant representations of either object identity or viewpoint. Multivariate decoding analyses of our whole brain functional MRI data reveal that invariant target representations are most pronounced in frontal and parietal regions, and the strength of these representations is associated with behavioral performance.

scholarly journals Suitability of Eight Northeastern U.S. Native Shrubs as Replacements for Invasive Plants in a Difficult Landscape Site with White-tailed Deer Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragati Shrestha ◽  
Jessica D. Lubell
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Lindera Benzoin ◽  
Japanese Barberry ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Native Shrubs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Deer Grazing

Nursery and landscape professionals are interested in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)–resistant native plants to replace invasive species used in difficult landscape sites, such as parking lot islands, which are dry, nutrient-poor, and exposed to sun and heat. Eight native shrubs [creeping sand cherry (Prunus pumila var. depressa), elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), round leaf dogwood (Cornus rugosa), northern spicebush (Lindera benzoin), sweetbells (Eubotrys racemosa), and virginia rose (Rosa virginiana)] were planted in a large commuter parking lot on the University of Connecticut campus to evaluate their suitability for use in difficult landscapes. The non-native, invasive shrubs ‘Compactus’ winged euonymus (Euonymus alatus) and ‘Crimson Pygmy’ japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) were also planted as controls representing non-native species typically planted in such sites. Aesthetic quality ratings for sweetbells matched the controls (rating of 4.5 out of 5.0) and plants exhibited a high level of white-tailed deer resistance. Virgina rose and creeping sand cherry had similar aesthetic quality to controls, despite light grazing of plants by white-tailed deer. Elderberry was damaged by moderate white-tailed deer grazing and snow load, but plants regenerated to 485% of initial size in one growing season with white-tailed deer exclusion. Gray dogwood, round leaf dogwood, and northern spicebush exhibited the least resistance to white-tailed deer grazing. Both dogwood species had lower aesthetic quality than the controls, and round leaf dogwood had the lowest survival rate (68%) after 2 years. However, several individuals of gray dogwood, round leaf dogwood, and northern spicebush that were less heavily damaged by white-tailed deer grew into attractive shrubs after white-tailed deer exclusion. Highbush blueberry had significantly lower aesthetic quality than controls and only 75% survival after 2 years, indicating that this species is an unsuitable replacement for invasives in difficult landscape sites. This study identified the underused native shrubs sweetbells, virginia rose, and creeping sand cherry as suitable replacements for invasives in difficult landscape sites with white-tailed deer pressure.

scholarly journals Conjoint Vehicle License Plate Identification System

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Yair Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
License Plate ◽  
Vehicle Identification ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
High Level ◽  
Identification Techniques ◽  
The City

Background: An autonomous vehicle will go unaccompanied to park itself in a remote parking lot without a driver or a passenger inside. Unlike traditional vehicles, an autonomous vehicle can drop passengers off near any location. Afterward, instead of cruising for a nearby free parking, the vehicle can be automatically parked in a remote parking lot which can be in a rural fringe of the city where inexpensive land is more readily available. Objective: The study aimed at avoidance of mistakes in the identification of the vehicle with the help of the automatic identification device. Methods: It is proposed to back up license plate identification procedure by making use of three distinct identification techniques: RFID, Bluetooth and OCR with the aim of considerably reducing identification mistakes. Results: The RFID is the most reliable identification device but the Bluetooth and the OCR can improve the reliability of RFID. Conclusion: A very high level of reliable vehicle identification device is achievable. Parking lots for autonomous vehicles can be very efficient and low-priced. The critical difficulty is to automatically make sure that the autonomous vehicle is correctly identified at the gate.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the suitability of introduction of multifunctional samples of aviation ground equipment in aircraft maintenance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
O. Bilyakovych ◽  
◽  
A. Savchuk ◽  
Y. Turitsa ◽  
L. Kurbet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Structures ◽  
Aircraft Maintenance ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Ground Handling ◽  
High Level

Quite often there is an oversaturation of the platform with ground aircraft, which is designed for the operation of modern international airports, especially in the so-called "rush hour". The emergence of such a situation may affect the emergence of risks in the implementation of airport technologies, which are associated with a probable reduction in the level of safety of ground vehicles on the platform, the formation of clusters of aircraft maintenance at the parking lot and the possibility of damage to aircraft on the ground, psychological stress aviation personnel and other unforeseen situations. To avoid melon situations that are directly related to the possible danger at airports, it is necessary to use multifunctional models of aviation ground equipment, which will provide several technological processes for ground handling of aircraft, passengers, mail and cargo by creating hybrid structures of special vehicles and equipment. and automation. For example, the use of multifunctional telescopic ladders allows not only to ensure a high level of comfort when boarding / disembarking passengers in aircraft, but also significantly increase the parking space in the buffer area of ​​ground maintenance of aircraft for other types of ground aircraft by reducing the latter, which will increase the level of safety of aircraft maintenance and economic efficiency in the activities of airport services and handling companies.

scholarly journals An Intuitionistic Calculus to Complex Abnormal Event Recognition on Data Streams

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhao Lijun ◽  
Hu Guiqiu ◽  
Li Qingsheng ◽  
Ding Guanhua
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Data Stream ◽  
Parametric Representation ◽  
Event Recognition ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Data Analysis System ◽  
High Level

Data mining in real-time data streams is associated with multiple types of uncertainty, which often leads the respective categorizers to make erroneous predictions related to the presence or absence of complex events. But recognizing complex abnormal events, even those that occur in extremely rare cases, offers significant support to decision-making systems. Therefore, there is a need for robust recognition mechanisms that will be able to predict or recognize when an abnormal event occurs or will occur on a data stream. Considering this need, this paper presents an Intuitionistic Tumbling Windows event calculus (ITWec) methodology. It is an innovative data analysis system that combines for the first time in the literature a set of multiple systems for Complex Abnormal Event Recognition (CAER). In the proposed system, the probabilities of the existence of a high-level complex abnormal event for each period are initially calculated nonparametrically, based on the probabilities of the low-level events associated with it. Because cumulative results are sought in consecutive, nonoverlapping sections of the data stream, the method uses the clearly defined rules of initialization and termination of the tumbling windows method, where there is an explicit determination of the time interval within which several blocks of a particular stream are investigated window. Finally, the number of maximum probable intervals in which an event is likely to occur based on a certain probability threshold is calculated, based on a parametric representation of intuitively fuzzy sets.

scholarly journals Car in the modern world

E-Management ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
T. N. Sakulyeva
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Car Sharing ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
People First ◽  
Natural Solution ◽  
High Level

Car stands idle in the parking lot for most of its “life”. Natural solution is to change the form of ownership – one car must serve as many people as possible. Solution to the problem is achieved by the emergence of non-existing technologies. Digital technologies allow us to take a slightly different look at the situation and make possible approaches that have not previously been possible to implement. This study is aimed at the application of different concepts of car use to improve vehicle use efficiency.Car sharing is the use of the same car by different people. First attempts to implement car sharing were made as early as 1948 in Zurich. However, the concept did not go further. First implementation of car sharing projects occurred only in the 1970s. A new era in car sharing was opened in the 2000s. Success of car sharing was facilitated by high level of urbanization and low incomes, in which buying and maintaining a personal car can be difficult. Car sharing becomes an integral part of the city network. Ride sharing is guaranteed to reduce traffic, help offload roads during rush hours and reduce the harmful environmental impact of car emissions. Ride sourcing in today ‘s world is one of the most recognizable and common forms of mobility. How quickly and successfully digital technologies will be introduced, when using various concepts of car use, the speed of the emergence of truly unmanned vehicles on the street and road network of cities, the presence of a competent information policy, that popularizes the departure from traditional ways of owning a car, and most importantly, increasing public confidence, that after the mass rejection of personal cars, the cost of using services will not increase significantly, defines the role of various forms of car use in the future transport system of the world’s cities.

scholarly journals High-level event recognition in unconstrained videos

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Gang Jiang ◽  
Subhabrata Bhattacharya ◽  
Shih-Fu Chang ◽  
Mubarak Shah
Keyword(s):  
Event Recognition ◽  
High Level
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