The End of Empires and Some Linguistic Turns: British and French Language Policies in Inter- and Postwar Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-321
Author(s):  
Diana Lemberg
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
Language Policies

scholarly journals Du libre accès à l'accès restreint aux écoles anglaises du Québec

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Michel Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
French Language ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
The Status

In this article, the author gives a historical account of the different laws enacted by the National Assembly in order to enhance the status of the French language at administrative levels as well as among the province's résidants themselves. The schools, being vehicles of social and cultural influence, were included. Laws 63 and 22 were little more than tentative, hesitant sallies into the linguistic battle confronting the province and its minority groups. Law 101 provided a more coherent line of reasoning in deciding Quebec's language policies. Nevertheless, it is contested by some groups on constitutional grounds.

scholarly journals L'égalité juridique des langues et l'enseignement: les écoles françaises hors Québec

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Alfred Monnin
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
School Systems ◽  
English School ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
School Structures ◽  
Language School ◽  
French Speaking

This article examines school language policies currently in effect in all provinces except Quebec. The struggle for linguistic equality has been long and arduous, even in areas where the number of French-speaking residents is considerable. But it is also far from complete. Although some progress has been made, there remains much to be accomplished before the French language school structures outside the province of Quebec can equal English school systems in Quebec.

scholarly journals ON THE CHANGE OF FRENCH LANGUAGE POLICIES VECTOR: FROM THE TOUBON LAW TO THE FIORASO LAW

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
S.S. Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
National Language ◽  
French Language ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Supranational Institutions ◽  
The Eu

The article concerns a pertinent problem of the language policies of France and other EU member states - the correlation between the national language and culture and the English language, dominating in the EU, particularly in education. France has been protecting its language for long and has a legislative instrument for this protection since 1994 (the Toubon law on the use of French), but since Nicolas Sarkozy’s presidency the language policies vector has changed under the pressure of the EU supranational institutions. Thus, in 2013 education in English has been allowed in French universities after adopting the Fioraso law in 2013 with some exceptions to the Toubon law in the matter of education. The theoretical points and conclusions are backed up with an analysis of the 1997-2015 Reports to Parliament on the use of the French language published by the General Delegation for the French language and the languages of France using a linguistic analysis software tool, T-Lab.

scholarly journals ENGLISH BORROWINGS IN FRENCH IN THE ASPECT OF CANADIAN BILLINGVISM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. B. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
English Language ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
French Language ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

The article examines English borrowings into French in the context of Canadian bilingualism in connection with Canadian language policy, which combines several centralized language policies implemented by the federal government and regional policies pursued by provincial governments, including Quebec. To understand and analyze such a linguistic phenomenon, the article briefly discusses the historical causes of Canadian bilingualism. The study focuses on the lexical, grammatical and phonetic features of Canadian French and suggests that borrowing from both British and American versions of English into French has led to a unique combination that can only be identified as an independent phenomenon. The characteristics of Canadian French vocabulary, spelling, and grammar discussed in this article illustrate that Canadian French cannot be fully identified with any other type of French. The Canadian version of the French language is expressive, authentic, including through borrowings from the English language. The study emphasizes that the Canadian version of the French language, provided constant interaction with the English language, is learned naturally, and the rules naturally. Bilingual speakers agree on universal rules without knowing them, share and use these rules, but never clearly study them, because it seems impossible to teach how to change the code and maintain the structural integrity of the statement. The findings contradict the expectation that borrowed words harm the language that borrows them, so it was found that bilingual speakers who speak both English and French implicitly understand and use the rules of both languages, and borrowing and switching codes do not lead to language erosion. 

Distribution of the Benefits and Costs of Canada’s Federal Official Languages Policy: Results for 2001

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Leblanc Desgagné ◽  
François Vaillancourt
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
French Language ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Combine Information ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Tax Costs

The chapter is divided in three parts. The first describes the history of the main elements of the federal language policies then turns to the aggregate costs and benefits of the federal official language policy. The second presents the methodology used to allocate the benefits of the availability of French language services and their tax costs to households. The third presents the distribution for the population divided into ten deciles (income based) of the benefits and tax costs of OLA services linked to transfers to individuals and other services. The results combine information for 2001 and 2006 given the availability of data.

scholarly journals Competing Desires and Realities: Language Policies in the French-Language Classroom

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Giovanangeli
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Language ◽  
French Language ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Way

French language policy has historically centred on ways French can be considered a dominant and influential language. It has done this since the Middle Ages, by allowing the French language to serve as a political tool. On an international level, language was a way of subjugating conquered peoples (former colonies). It promoted France’s international status (by the 18th century French was the diplomatic language of Europe). On a national level, the French language was one of the ways governments were able to centralise political power (suppression of regional languages). One of the ways French language authorities have promoted the use of language has been through education policies and the way language is taught in schools. For example, the French language was imposed on the colonised territories of France through teaching in missionary schools. Within France, stringent laws were adopted, in particular during the nineteenth century, allowing the French language to replace local languages in schools. In France today, language policies continue to exist and to have an influence on the way we view language and society. One of the main priorities of French language policy is to protect the status of the national language in particular with respect to the increasing use of English as a global dominant language in areas such as science, technology, tourism, entertainment and the media (Nunan: 2007, 178). Consequently, France has adopted policies to respond to this linguistic climate. This has implications on the way the French language is taught both within France as well as outside of France. This paper will examine some of the policies and agencies created over recent years that affect the French language. It will also identify some of the consequences these policies have on the teaching of language. Finally it will argue that a space has been created within the language classroom that attempts to find a compromise between the language policies of the French government and the realities of spoken French in society.

French Language and Literature (Including Provençal)

PMLA ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295-1299
Author(s):  
H. Carrington Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
Language And Literature
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