Neuromuscular Principles in the Visual System and Their Potential Role in Visual Discomfort

2007 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richard Bruenech ◽  
Inga-Britt Kjellevold Haugen
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Visual Discomfort

scholarly journals Investigating Head Movements Induced by ‘Riloid’ Patterns in Migraine and Control Groups Using a Virtual Reality Display

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 753-777
Author(s):  
Louise O’Hare ◽  
Alex Sharp ◽  
Patrick Dickinson ◽  
Graham Richardson ◽  
John Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Visual Discomfort ◽  
And Control

Abstract Certain striped patterns can induce illusory motion, such as those used in op-art. The visual system and the vestibular system work together closely, and so it is possible that illusory motion from a visual stimulus can result in uncertainty in the vestibular system. This increased uncertainty may be measureable in terms of the magnitude of head movements. Head movements were measured using a head-mounted visual display. Results showed that stimuli associated with illusory motion also seem to induce greater head movements when compared to similar stimuli. Individuals with migraine are more susceptible to visual discomfort, and this includes illusory motion from striped stimuli. However, there was no evidence of increased effect of illusory motion on those with migraine compared to those without, suggesting that while motion illusions may affect discomfort judgements, this is not limited to only those with migraine.

Binocular Disparity and Head-Up Displays

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Binocular Disparity ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Retinal Disparity ◽  
Visual Discomfort ◽  
Perceptual Effect ◽  
Depth Cues

Collimation errors present in displays such as the head-up display (HUD) will produce retinal disparity on the retinae of the observer and will have the effect of altering the spatial location of the display. It is apparent that this can, in some instances, give rise to visual discomfort. Psychophysical methods were used to examine the sensitivity and the tolerances of the visual system to binocular disparity in HUDs. It was shown that, when left to their own devices, subjects preferred a small positive disparity to exist between the HUD and the outside world and that even small amounts of negative disparity can have a disturbing perceptual effect. The effect is discussed in relation to the contradictory depth cues which can exist in this kind of electro-optical display.

Author response for "The brain of the African wild dog. IV . The visual system"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Chengetanai ◽  
Adhil Bhagwandin ◽  
Mads F. Bertelsen ◽  
Therese Hård ◽  
Patrick R. Hof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Author Response ◽  
African Wild Dog ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
The Brain

Digital differential hysteresis iimage processing displays what the microscope acquires but the eye can't see

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Visual System ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Contrast Resolution ◽  
Pixel Intensity ◽  
Data Reading ◽  
Hysteresis Properties

Differential hysteresis processing is a new image processing technology that provides a tool for the display of image data information at any level of differential contrast resolution. This includes the maximum contrast resolution of the acquisition system which may be 1,000-times higher than that of the visual system (16 bit versus 6 bit). All microscopes acquire high precision contrasts at a level of <0.01-25% of the acquisition range in 16-bit - 8-bit data, but these contrasts are mostly invisible or only partially visible even in conventionally enhanced images. The processing principle of the differential hysteresis tool is based on hysteresis properties of intensity variations within an image.Differential hysteresis image processing moves a cursor of selected intensity range (hysteresis range) along lines through the image data reading each successive pixel intensity. The midpoint of the cursor provides the output data. If the intensity value of the following pixel falls outside of the actual cursor endpoint values, then the cursor follows the data either with its top or with its bottom, but if the pixels' intensity value falls within the cursor range, then the cursor maintains its intensity value.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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