A Study on the Generated Characteristics of the Arc Discharge for Contact-Loss of Pantograph

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wenzheng Liu ◽  
Zhongping Yang ◽  
Zhaofeng Gong ◽  
Weiliang Wang ◽  
Huisheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge

Preparation and characterization of thin films of carbon nitride

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
L. Wan ◽  
R. F. Egerton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Reactive Sputtering ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Bonding Structure ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

INTRODUCTION Recently, a new compound carbon nitride (CNx) has captured the attention of materials scientists, resulting from the prediction of a metastable crystal structure β-C3N4. Calculations showed that the mechanical properties of β-C3N4 are close to those of diamond. Various methods, including high pressure synthesis, ion beam deposition, chemical vapor deposition, plasma enhanced evaporation, and reactive sputtering, have been used in an attempt to make this compound. In this paper, we present the results of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analysis of composition and bonding structure of CNX films deposited by two different methods.SPECIMEN PREPARATION Specimens were prepared by arc-discharge evaporation and reactive sputtering. The apparatus for evaporation is similar to the traditional setup of vacuum arc-discharge evaporation, but working in a 0.05 torr ambient of nitrogen or ammonia. A bias was applied between the carbon source and the substrate in order to generate more ions and electrons and change their energy. During deposition, this bias causes a secondary discharge between the source and the substrate.

Influence of Arc Discharge on Contact Resistance of AgNi Contacts for Electromagnetic Contactors

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.C (9) ◽  
pp. 1531-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi YOSHIDA ◽  
Koichiro SAWA ◽  
Kenji SUZUKI ◽  
Masaaki WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Arc Discharge

CHARACTERISTICS OF A CARBON ARC DISCHARGE

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saidane ◽  
H. Lange ◽  
M. Razafinimanana ◽  
A. Huczko ◽  
C. Zedde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Carbon Arc

Study of ionization processes in a low-pressure arc discharge

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (9) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
A. V. Ushakov ◽  
◽  
I. V. Karpov ◽  
L. Yu. Fedorov ◽  
E.A. Dorozhkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Ionization Processes

Production of Silver Nanoparticles Using High Voltage Arc Discharge Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek J. Kasprowicz ◽  
Anna Gorczyca ◽  
Piotr Janas
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Discharge Method

Using Low Temperature, Cost-effective and Green Methods to Carbon Nanohorn Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Ali Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Reaction Field ◽  
Carbon Nanohorns ◽  
Graphite Rod

Background: Laser ablation method has high-yield and pure SWCNHs. On the other hand, arc discharge methods have low-cost production of SWCNHs. However, these techniques have more desirable features, they need special expertness to use high power laser or high current discharge that either of them produces very high temperature. As for the researches, the temperatures of these techniques are higher than 4727°C to vaporize the graphite. So, to become aware of the advantages of SWCNHs, it is necessary to find a new way to synthesize SWCNHs at a lower temperature. In other words, reaction field can be expandable at a moderate temperature. This paper reports a new way to synthesize SWCNHs at an extremely reduced temperature. Methods: According to this study, the role of N2 is the protection of the copper holder supporting the graphite rod by increasing heat transfer from the holder. After the current of 70 A was supplied to the system, the temperature of graphite rod was raised to 1600°C. It is obvious that this temperature is somehow higher than the melting point of palladium, 1555°C, and much lower than graphite melting point, 3497°C. Results: Based on the results, there are transitional precursors simultaneous with the SWCNHs. This composition can be created by distortion of the primary SWCNTs at the higher temperature. Subsequently, each SWCNTs have a tendency to be broken into individual horns. With increasing the concentration of the free horns, bud-like SWCNHs can be produced. Moreover, there are individual horns almost separated from the mass of single wall carbon nanohorns. This structure is not common in SWCNHs synthesized by the usual method such as arc discharge or laser ablation. Through these regular techniques, SWCNHs are synthesized as cumulative particles with diameters about 30-150 nm. Conclusion: A simple heating is needed for SWCNTs transformation to SWCNHs with the presence of palladium as catalyst. The well-thought-out mechanism for this transformation is that SWCNTs were initially changed to highly curled shape, and after that were formed into small independent horns. The other rout to synthesize SWCNHs is the pyrolysis of palm olein at 950°C with the assistance of zinc nitrate and ferrocene. Palm olein was used as a promising, bio-renewable and inexpensive carbon source for the production of carbon nanohorns.

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