Extending an Abstract Reference Model for Transdisciplinary Work in Cultural Heritage

2012 ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Gonzalez-Perez ◽  
Patricia Martín-Rodilla ◽  
Cesar Parcero-Oubiña ◽  
Pastor Fábrega-Álvarez ◽  
Alejandro Güimil-Fariña
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model

scholarly journals Semantic Bridging of Cultural Heritage Disciplines and Tasks

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 611-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymia Moraitou ◽  
John Aliprantis ◽  
Yannis Christodoulou ◽  
Alexandros Teneketzis ◽  
George Caridakis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Metadata Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Core Ontology ◽  
Cidoc Crm

The Cultural Heritage (CH) domain encompasses a wide range of different disciplines, serving the study, interpretation, curation, and preservation of objects, collections, archives, sites, and the dissemination of related knowledge. In this context, stakeholders generate, retrieve, and share a vast amount of diverse information. Therefore, information interoperability has been considered a crucial task, especially in terms of semantics. In this way, the CIDOC CRM (International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model) has been widely used as an underlying model that offers interoperability between CH domain metadata standards and ontologies. To the best of our knowledge, an overall review of mapping, merging, and extending this core ontology, as well as an aggregate table which classifies and correlates those ontologies and standards, has not yet been presented. Our study conducts an aggregate review of relevant published efforts and outlines the various associations between them, encapsulating the CIDOC CRM and its specialized models, as well. This work aims to further clarify the field and scope of the different works, identify their methods, and highlight the semantic overlap, or differences, between them.

scholarly journals 3D MODELING FOR UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION: METRIC VERIFICATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W5 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
S. D’Amelio ◽  
V. Maggio ◽  
B. Villa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Video Sequence ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Underwater Environment

The survey in underwater environment has always presented considerable difficulties both operative and technical and this has sometimes made it difficult to use the techniques of survey commonly used for the documentation of Cultural Heritage in dry environment. The work of study concerns the evaluation in terms of capability and accuracy of the Autodesk123DCatch software for the reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of an object in underwater context. The subjects of the study are models generated from sets of photographs and sets of frames extracted from video sequence. The study is based on comparative method, using a reference model, obtained with laser scanner technique.

scholarly journals Ontologia Cidoc CRM no contexto dos ambientes digitais de patrimônios culturais │ Cidoc CRM ontology in the context of digital cultural heritage environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Carrasco ◽  
Manfred Thaller ◽  
Silvana Aparecida Borsetti Gregório Vidotti
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
International Networks ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Rapid Diffusion ◽  
Concrete Language ◽  
The Web

RESUMO Em decorrência da rápida difusão de informação em ambiente web, o acesso multilíngue e a recuperação multilíngue da informação estão se tornando cada vez mais relevantes. Dessa forma, é importante ressaltar que o acesso multilíngue ao conteúdo é usado para aumentar e melhorar as possibilidades dos usuários acessarem os ambientes culturais digitais e, nesse sentido, seu conteúdo poderia ser acessado na língua nativa ou preferencial do usuário. O problema identificado nesta pesquisa é que o patrimônio cultural mundial é geralmente descrito em muitas línguas nacionais diferentes. Multilinguismo em ontologias tem se tornado uma necessidade iminente para as instituições de todo o mundo com valiosos recursos linguísticos. Como a maioria das ontologias é desenvolvida em uma linguagem específica, a obtenção de ontologias multilíngues implica localizá-las ou adaptá-las a uma linguagem concreta e no âmbito de comunidade cultural. Neste artigo, descreveremos a ontologia Cidoc CRM cujo objetivo é melhorar a experiência do usuário na busca por conteúdo do patrimônio cultural e, assim, tornar os recursos multilíngues mais operacionais.Palavras-chave: Multilinguismo; Ontologias; Recuperação da Informação; Modelo de Referência Conceitual; Interoperabilidade.       ABSTRACT With the recent rapid diffusion of distributed document bases on the international networks of the web, the matter of multilingual access and information retrieval is becoming increasingly relevant. Thus it is important to emphasize that Multilingual Access to content is used to increase and enhance users’ possibilities to access the Cultural Heritage Repositories and their content in their native or preferred language. The issue identified in this research is that the cultural heritage of countries is usually described in many different languages. Multilinguality in ontologies has shown an impending need for institutions worldwide with valuable linguistic resources in different languages. Since most ontologies are developed in one language, obtaining multilingual ontologies implies localizing or adapting them to a concrete language and culture community. In this article we describe the Cidoc CRM ontology, whose goal is to improve the user experience of cultural heritage content by making multilingual features more easily feasible.Keywords: Multilinguality; Ontologies; Information Retrieval; Conceptual Reference Model; Interoperability.

Merging and expanding existing ontologies to cover the Built Cultural Heritage domain

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Piedad Zalamea Patino ◽  
Jos Van Orshoven ◽  
Thérèse Steenberghen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Ontology Development ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Semantic Framework ◽  
Testing Stage ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Ontological Model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the development of an ontological model consisting of terms and relationships between these terms, creating a conceptual information model for the Built Cultural Heritage (BCH) domain, more specifically for preventive conservation. Design/methodology/approach The On-To-Knowledge methodology was applied in the ontology development process. Terms related to preventive conservation were identified by means of a taxonomy which was used later to identify related existing ontologies. Three ontologies were identified and merged, i.e. Geneva City Geographic Markup Language (Geneva CityGML), Monument Damage ontology (Mondis) and CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC-CRM). Additional classes and properties were defined as to provide a complete semantic framework for management of BCH. Findings A BCH-ontology for preventive conservation was created. It consists of 143 classes from which 38 originate from the Mondis ontology, 38 from Geneva CityGML, 37 from CIDOC-CRM and 30 were newly created. The ontology was applied in a use case related to the New cathedral in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Advantages over other type of systems and for the BCH-domain were discussed based on this example. Research limitations/implications The proposed ontology is in a testing stage through which a number of its aspects are being verified. Originality/value This ontological model is the first one to focus on the preventive conservation of BCH.

From mud to the museum: Metadata challenges in archaeology

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Henninger
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Ontology Mapping ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Small Finds

An archaeological site is a palimpsest in which the evidence of the depositional episodes is destroyed through the excavation processes; all that remains are the artefacts and their documentary evidence manifested in registers, datasets, dig diaries and reports. While the reports may represent the end product of a specific excavation, the archaeological record tells a story; it is interpretative and dynamic, with later excavations adding new knowledge and narratives. Museums preserve the artefacts but unless the documentary evidence is preserved in standard formats, it cannot be easily re-used by the archaeology community to create that knowledge; nor can museums provide the narratives for the general public whose cultural heritage it is. This article presents a case study from the Ness of Brodgar excavations that examines possibilities for reconciling one part of the data of an archaeological dig, the small finds register (SFR) and its sparse amount of descriptive metadata, with the potentiality of data re-use and with the requirements of a museum that may have custody of the artefacts. It maps and enriches messy domain-specific ontologies to standard archaeological and cultural heritage ontologies and taxonomies using simple natural language processing, linked open data and the museum CIDOC conceptual reference model (CRM). This research, in examining the application of ontology mapping tools, explores common practices and processes that are useful in any discipline within the cultural heritage domain.

scholarly journals Cost Model for Digital Preservation: Cost of Digital Migration

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Bøgvad Kejser ◽  
Anders Bo Nielsen ◽  
Alex Thirifays
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Digital Preservation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Preservation Planning ◽  
Functional Entity ◽  
The Cost

The Danish Ministry of Culture has funded a project to set up a model for costing preservation of digital materials held by national cultural heritage institutions. The overall objective of the project was to increase cost effectiveness of digital preservation activities and to provide a basis for comparing and estimating future cost requirements for digital preservation. In this study we describe an activity-based costing methodology for digital preservation based on the Open Archice Information System (OAIS) Reference Model. Within this framework, which we denote the Cost Model for Digital Preservation (CMDP), the focus is on costing the functional entity Preservation Planning from the OAIS and digital migration activities. In order to estimate these costs we have identified cost-critical activities by analysing the functions in the OAIS model and the flows between them. The analysis has been supplemented with findings from the literature, and our own knowledge and experience. The identified cost-critical activities have subsequently been deconstructed into measurable components, cost dependencies have been examined, and the resulting equations expressed in a spreadsheet. Currently the model can calculate the cost of different migration scenarios for a series of preservation formats for text, images, sound, video, geodata, and spreadsheets. In order to verify the model it has been tested on cost data from two different migration projects at the Danish National Archives (DNA). The study found that the OAIS model provides a sound overall framework for the cost breakdown, but that some functions need additional detailing in order to cost activities accurately. Running the two sets of empirical data showed among other things that the model underestimates the cost of manpower-intensive migration projects, while it reinstates an often underestimated cost, which is the cost of developing migration software. The model has proven useful for estimating the costs of preservation planning and digital migrations. However, more work is needed to refine the existing equations and include the other functional entities of the OAIS model. Also the user-friendliness of the spreadsheet tool must be improved in future versions of the model. The CMDP is presently closing its second phase, where it has been extended to include the OAIS Functional Entity Ingest. This has also enabled us to adjust the theoretical model further, especially regarding the accuracy and precision of the model and in relation to the underlying parameters used in the equations, such as migration frequency and format complexity. Understanding the nature of digital preservation cost is prerequisite for increasing the overall efficiency, and achieving first quality for preservation of cultural heritage materials.

scholarly journals Accuracy of cultural heritage 3D models by RPAS and terrestrial photogrammetry

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-5 ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bolognesi ◽  
A. Furini ◽  
V. Russo ◽  
A. Pellegrinelli ◽  
P. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Test Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Terrestrial Photogrammetry

The combined use of high-resolution digital images taken from ground as well as from RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems) have significantly increased the potential of close range digital photogrammetry applications in Cultural Heritage surveying and modeling. It is in fact possible, thanks to SfM (Structure from Motion), to simultaneously process great numbers of aerial and terrestrial images for the production of a dense point cloud of an object. In order to analyze the accuracy of results, we started numerous tests based on the comparison between 3D digital models of a monumental complex realized by the integration of aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry and an accurate TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanner) reference model of the same object.<br><br> A lot of digital images of a renaissance castle, assumed as test site, have been taken both by ground level and by RPAS at different distances and flight altitudes and with different flight patterns. As first step of the experimentation, the images were previously processed with Agisoft PhotoScan, one of the most popular photogrammetric software. The comparison between the photogrammetric DSM of the monument and a TLS reference one was carried out by evaluating the average deviation between the points belonging to the two entities, both globally and locally, on individual façades and architectural elements (sections and particular). In this paper the results of the first test are presented. A good agreement between photogrammetric and TLS digital models of the castle is pointed out.

scholarly journals Implementation of multiple interpretation data model concepts in CIDOC CRM and compatible models

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Van Ruymbeke ◽  
Pierre Hallot ◽  
Gilles-Antoine Nys ◽  
Roland Billen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Model Mapping ◽  
Proposal A ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Multiple Interpretation ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Structuring Knowledge

<p>Modelling cultural heritage is a research topic shared by a broad scientific community.  Although  this subject has been widely studied, it  seems that  some  aspects  still  have  to  be  tackled.  This paper describes two CIDOC (ICOM’s International Committee for Documentation) Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) extension proposals (A &amp; B) dedicated to structuring knowledge concerning historical objects and historical events.  It  focuses  on  multiple  interpretations and sequential reality, this last being a concept which does not exist in CIDOC CRM but was originally developed in another conceptual model, the Multiple Interpretation Data Model (MIDM). To begin, an extensive description of MIDM concepts is given as well as a recall of its main peculiarities. It is followed by a mapping proposed to translate MIDM concepts into ontologies  devoted to describing cultural  heritage  entities  and  activities,  the CIDOC CRM  and  compatible  models. Unfortunately,  some MIDM  concepts  are  not  covered  by this  mapping  because  they  do  not  match  with existing  CRM entities and properties, and this paper explains why an extension is necessary. It describes how the two versions of the extension proposal cover the missing MIDM concepts. One of these two versions, the proposal A, has been implemented as ontology in Protégé and has been tested through an instantiation phase using a real example. This instantiation phase is fully detailed. It shows that proposal A works coherently with CRM ontologies. On another hand, instantiation phase highlights improvements needs such as recording chronology in a structured way.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Cultural Heritage modelling involves two different ontological concepts: reality and information held about it.</p></li><li><p>Historical Objects existence is a sequence made by events, stability periods and changes affecting it.</p></li><li><p>Multiple Interpretation Data Model mapping to CIDOC CRM and its extension proposal take into account difference between reality and information. They also manage sequence concept.</p></li></ul>

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF THE BCH-ONTOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 497-504
Author(s):  
O. Zalamea ◽  
G. García
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Semantic Framework ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
Ontological Model ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Xix Century

Abstract. In the heritage domain, capturing facts and knowledge for preventive conservation of Built Cultural Heritage (BCH) requires access to a large variety of data. It is a multidisciplinary activity and uses heterogeneous terminologies. In this regard, the BCH-ontology has been developed to facilitate integration and exchange of heterogeneous built cultural heritage information. The BCH-ontology reuses three already developed ontologies: Geneva City Geographic Markup Language (Geneva CityGML), Monument Damage ontology (Mondis), and CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC-CRM). Additionally, it provides a complete semantic framework by defining some classes and properties for improving BCH management. This paper presents the validation of the BCH-ontology ontological model to determine whether the ontology is able to represent BCH data under a preventive conservation approach. The San Luis seminary is a historical building built in the late XIX century in Cuenca-Ecuador and it is employed as use case. This validation allowed the identification of further use cases where the ontology offers a potential additional value in the BCH-domain.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Geospatial Semantic Web Frameworks for Cultural Heritage

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 875-890
Author(s):  
Ikrom Nishanbaev ◽  
Erik Champion ◽  
David A. McMeekin
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Selection Of

Recently, many Resource Description Framework (RDF) data generation tools have been developed to convert geospatial and non-geospatial data into RDF data. Furthermore, there are several interlinking frameworks that find semantically equivalent geospatial resources in related RDF data sources. However, many existing Linked Open Data sources are currently sparsely interlinked. Also, many RDF generation and interlinking frameworks require a solid knowledge of Semantic Web and Geospatial Semantic Web concepts to successfully deploy them. This article comparatively evaluates features and functionality of the current state-of-the-art geospatial RDF generation tools and interlinking frameworks. This evaluation is specifically performed for cultural heritage researchers and professionals who have limited expertise in computer programming. Hence, a set of criteria has been defined to facilitate the selection of tools and frameworks. In addition, the article provides a methodology to generate geospatial cultural heritage RDF data and to interlink it with the related RDF data. This methodology uses a CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) ontology and interlinks the RDF data with DBpedia. Although this methodology has been developed for cultural heritage researchers and professionals, it may also be used by other domain professionals.

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