Exploring Functions for Glycosylation in Host Defence using Novel Oligosaccharide Sequencing Technology

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder with antipsychotics as primary medications, but the antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects may contribute to the elevated risk of overall morbidity and mortality in patients with psych-iatric diseases. With the development in sequencing technology and bioinformatics, dysbiosis has been shown to contribute to body weight gain and metabolic dysfunction. However, the role of gut microbiota in the antipsychotic-induced metabolic alteration remains unknown. In this paper, we reviewed the recent studies of the gut microbiota with psychiatric disorders and antipsychotic-induced metabolic dysfunction. Patients with neuropsychiatric disorders may have a different composi-tion of gut microbiota compared with healthy controls. In addition, it seems that the use of antipsychotics is concurrently associated with both altered composition of gut microbiota and metabolic disturbance. Further study is needed to address the role of gut microbiota in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbance, to develop novel therapeutics for both neuropsychiatric disorders and metabolic dysfunction.

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Diagnostic Value of Next-Generation Sequencing Technology in Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3218718 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Wei Xing ◽

Jia-Tang Zhang ◽

Yu-Bao Ma ◽

Xiao-Yan Chen ◽

Lei-Wu Lei-Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Next Generation Sequencing ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Sequencing Technology ◽

Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽

Generation Sequencing Technology ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Generation Sequencing

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Enzymes as a Reservoir of Host Defence Peptides

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026620666200327173815 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (14) ◽

pp. 1310-1323

Author(s):

Andrea Bosso ◽

Antimo Di Maro ◽

Valeria Cafaro ◽

Alberto Di Donato ◽

Eugenio Notomista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Internal Structure ◽

Catalytic Properties ◽

Cellular Responses ◽

Host Defence ◽

Present Review ◽

Active Peptides ◽

Wide Range

Host defence peptides (HDPs) are powerful modulators of cellular responses to various types of insults caused by pathogen agents. To date, a wide range of HDPs, from species of different kingdoms including bacteria, plant and animal with extreme diversity in structure and biological activity, have been described. Apart from a limited number of peptides ribosomally synthesized, a large number of promising and multifunctional HDPs have been identified within protein precursors, with properties not necessarily related to innate immunity, consolidating the fascinating hypothesis that proteins have a second or even multiple biological mission in the form of one or more bio-active peptides. Among these precursors, enzymes constitute certainly an interesting group, because most of them are mainly globular and characterized by a fine specific internal structure closely related to their catalytic properties and also because they are yet little considered as potential HDP releasing proteins. In this regard, the main aim of the present review is to describe a panel of HDPs, identified in all canonical classes of enzymes, and to provide a detailed description on hydrolases and their corresponding HDPs, as there seems to exist a striking link between these structurally sophisticated catalysts and their high content in cationic and amphipathic cryptic peptides.

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