The Dynamics of Economic Integration and Cohesion in the EU: Experience from the Past and Challenges for the Future

1999 ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Molle
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

Understanding Dual Identities in Poland

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare McManus-Czubińska ◽  
William L. Miller ◽  
Radosław Markowski ◽  
Jacek Wasilewski
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Future ◽  
Dual Identities ◽  
The Eu

‘Parallel’ divisions of identity in Poland are a thing of the past – and perhaps the future – but not the present. Yet contemporary Poles are still politically divided by identities – albeit by ‘nested’ Polish/European identities rather than by ‘parallel’ ethnic identities. They are not divided between Polish and European identities, however, but between exclusive and dual identities – in essence a division between parochial and cosmopolitan identities. Contrary to fears that Europeanism in Poland especially might be narrow, culturally restrictive, or even racist, our data show that dual identities reflect broader cosmopolitan perspectives as well as specifically European or Western sympathies. There is a real significant difference of values between exclusive and dual identifiers which extends well beyond attitudes to Europe – and far beyond attitudes to the EU in particular. To a considerable degree this is a difference – some have argued a conflict – between traditional and modern Poland, between secular and devout Poland, between educated and ignorant Poland, between young and old Poland, and between hopeful and fearful Poland.

The eu-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement – A Successful Attempt to Protect Vietnam’s Environment While Pushing for Economic Integration?

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222
Author(s):  
Heidi Stockhaus
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Successful Attempt ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
The Eu

The new free trade agreement with the European Union will bring Vietnam’s economic integration to a new level once it enters into force. In the past, the associated economic growth has led to environmental deterioration due to inappropriate regulations and poor enforcement. Currently, environmental problems are visible everywhere and attract the attention of citizens as well as lawmakers. The new free trade agreement establishes a framework for sustainable development in the context of trade and investment. The relevant provisions aim to maintain Vietnam’s right to regulate for the targeted protection level, require the country to take measures to mitigate the pressure on the environment, and open the door for cooperation with the European Union. However, it remains to be seen, whether these provisions balance the risks associated with the increase in trade and investment through the free trade agreement.

scholarly journals THE NEED FOR AN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN THE GLOBALIZED WORLD

2017 ◽  
pp. 217-237
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
The Future ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Positive Support ◽  
The Eu

EU is in the existential crisis. The question is why that is so and what are the facts which might help to resolve the problems that are part of the EU existential crisis. In the paper the economic position of the EU in globalized world is analyzed and used as the argument for a broader interest to support the future existence and success of the EU integration functioning. Theoretical explanations are introduced to support the notion of the needed further EU integration functioning. Use of the theory of economic integration and trade, leads analyze to the observations that are essential for the needed change and improvement of the solidarity and cooperation among the EU member states in the future. States in the accession to the EU process or to be candidate stats are especially disturbed with the present status of the EU integration crisis functioning. Based on the selected theoretical explanations and selected statistics the paper shows that the candidate countries undoubtable have interest and need to continue their efforts to conclude successfully the EU accession process. Continuation of the accession efforts among the accessing countries might create an atmosphere of specific positive support to the EU states that are straggling for reforms and improvements in the functioning of their economic and general integration environment. The needed EU integration reforms will be further supported by the improved broad EU population’s understanding of the economic impacts that have been created through the so called economic globalization process in last few decades. Some arguments for improved EU population’s understanding of the EU advantages in the environment of the globalized markets are offered in the paper. The option of EU economic integration disruption, with creating small national markets that could be under the negative pressure from large global entities, is supposed to be nonacceptable.

scholarly journals Post-normal times: re-thinking the futures of the EU-Africa relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Bourgeois ◽  
Frank Mattheis ◽  
John Kotsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The nature of the relationship between the European Union (EU) and Africa is in permanent evolution. Historically, the EU mostly dominated the relationship while Africa developed adaptive/reactive strategies. With the establishment of new powers as well as efforts to decolonise the thought and practise of North-South interactions, it is crucial to understand what the future of the relationship could be. The purpose of this paper is to draw lessons from the “Broadening the debate on EU-Africa relations” workshop whose aim was to advance perspectives on EU-Africa relations from the point of view of African scholars. The process consisted of identifying major influential factors in the relationship and assessing what role they played in the past and what role they could play in the future. The results indicate a decline of the importance of EU-dominated factors and the emergence of African agency related factors. We interpret these results as a transformation of this relationship, using the concept “post-normal” to highlight indeterminacy, insolvability and irreversibility as the new context. Implications are discussed regarding the type of research that needs to be developed in order to further investigate this transformation, particularly the meaning of a shifting focus from (normal times) EU-Africa relationship to (post-normal times) Africa-EU relationships.

scholarly journals The Gazprom Case: Lessons of the Past For the Future

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Dalia Višinskienė ◽  
Justina Nasutavičienė
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Merger Regulation ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Eu

Under the EU Merger Regulation, if the Commission has concerns that a merger may significantly affect competition in the European Union, the merging companies may propose modifications to the project that would guarantee continued competition on the market. The Commission may declare a concentration compatible with the common market following such a modification by the parties and attach to its decision conditions and obligations intended to ensure that the undertakings comply with the commitments. In other words, commitments have to be offered by the parties but the Commission may introduce conditions and obligations if they are required to ensure the enforceability of commitments. Meanwhile the scope to propose merger modifications and the level of discretion of the competition authority are quite different under the Law on Competition of the Republic of Lithuania, adopted almost two decades ago. The goal of this paper is to reveal those differences and, with the help of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania in the Gazprom case, to explain how this may impact future cases

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