Self-Organization Phenomena and Autowave Processes in Heterogeneous Chemical and Physical Systems

1984 ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
V. V. Barelko
Keyword(s):  
Self Organization ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Heterogeneous Chemical

scholarly journals Self-replication of a quantum artificial organism driven by single-photon pulses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Valente
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Artificial Life ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Thermodynamic Mechanism ◽  
Self Replication

AbstractImitating the transition from inanimate to living matter is a longstanding challenge. Artificial life has achieved computer programs that self-replicate, mutate, compete and evolve, but lacks self-organized hardwares akin to the self-assembly of the first living cells. Nonequilibrium thermodynamics has achieved lifelike self-organization in diverse physical systems, but has not yet met the open-ended evolution of living organisms. Here, I look for the emergence of an artificial-life code in a nonequilibrium physical system undergoing self-organization. I devise a toy model where the onset of self-replication of a quantum artificial organism (a chain of lambda systems) is owing to single-photon pulses added to a zero-temperature environment. I find that spontaneous mutations during self-replication are unavoidable in this model, due to rare but finite absorption of off-resonant photons. I also show that the replication probability is proportional to the absorbed work from the photon, thereby fulfilling a dissipative adaptation (a thermodynamic mechanism underlying lifelike self-organization). These results hint at self-replication as the scenario where dissipative adaptation (pointing towards convergence) coexists with open-ended evolution (pointing towards divergence).

1. Complex systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Distinctive Property ◽  
Adaptive Interaction

What is complexity? A complex system, such as a tropical rainforest, is a tangled web of interactions and exhibits a distinctive property called ‘emergence’, roughly described by ‘the action of the whole is more than the sum of the actions of the parts’. This chapter explains that the interactions of interest are non-linear and thus hierarchical organization is closely tied to emergence. Complex systems explains several kinds of telltale behaviour: emergent behaviour, self-organization, chaotic behaviour, ‘fat-tailed behaviour’, and adaptive interaction. The field of complexity studies has split into two subfields that examine two different kinds of emergence: complex physical systems and complex adaptive systems.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE CONCEPT OF SYNERGETIC AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT UNDER POLYCONFLICTS

Aviation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kharchenko ◽  
Valeriy Chepizhenko ◽  
Svetlana Pavlova ◽  
Wang Bo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Control Synthesis ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Aircraft Control ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Innovative Concept

A new concept of the synthesis of a synergetic regulator for the control of difficult multidimensional aircraft in polyconflict conditions is offered in the article. The basic idea of control synthesis is the use of self-organization properties of real physical systems for the formation of algorithms for the synergetic regulator operation. This approach allows solving the problem of the high dimensionality of the regulator for aircraft in polyconflict conditions and provides aircraft control in real time. The synergetic approach offered by the authors allows minimising the expenditure of energy for conflict avoidance between aircraft and supports the guaranteed safety level of their motion.

scholarly journals The principles of collective animal behaviour

2005 ◽  
Vol 361 (1465) ◽  
pp. 5-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J.T Sumpter
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behaviour ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Ant Trail ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Simple Sets ◽  
Animal Societies

In recent years, the concept of self-organization has been used to understand collective behaviour of animals. The central tenet of self-organization is that simple repeated interactions between individuals can produce complex adaptive patterns at the level of the group. Inspiration comes from patterns seen in physical systems, such as spiralling chemical waves, which arise without complexity at the level of the individual units of which the system is composed. The suggestion is that biological structures such as termite mounds, ant trail networks and even human crowds can be explained in terms of repeated interactions between the animals and their environment, without invoking individual complexity. Here, I review cases in which the self-organization approach has been successful in explaining collective behaviour of animal groups and societies. Ant pheromone trail networks, aggregation of cockroaches, the applause of opera audiences and the migration of fish schools have all been accurately described in terms of individuals following simple sets of rules. Unlike the simple units composing physical systems, however, animals are themselves complex entities, and other examples of collective behaviour, such as honey bee foraging with its myriad of dance signals and behavioural cues, cannot be fully understood in terms of simple individuals alone. I argue that the key to understanding collective behaviour lies in identifying the principles of the behavioural algorithms followed by individual animals and of how information flows between the animals. These principles, such as positive feedback, response thresholds and individual integrity, are repeatedly observed in very different animal societies. The future of collective behaviour research lies in classifying these principles, establishing the properties they produce at a group level and asking why they have evolved in so many different and distinct natural systems. Ultimately, this research could inform not only our understanding of animal societies, but also the principles by which we organize our own society.

scholarly journals Self-organization in interface dynamics and urban development

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Meron
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear System ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Interface Dynamics ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Growth Modes ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
New Methodologies

The view of the urban environment as an extended nonlinear system introduces new concepts, motivates new questions, and suggests new methodologies in the study of urban dynamics. A review of recent results on interface dynamics in nonequilibrium physical systems is presented, and possible implications on the urban environment are discussed. It is suggested that the growth modes of specific urban zones (e.g. residential, commercial, or industrial) and the factors affecting them can be studied using mathematical models that capture two generic interface instabilities.

Operating management of urban transport facilities within the concept of cyber-physical systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
A.G. Kotenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Industrial Internet

The information technology concept of cyber-physical systems implemented on the basis of the industrial Internet of things is stated. It is shown that in relation to objects of urban mainstream transport, such systems are able to ensure the implementation of technologies for controlled self-organization of the functioning of technological processes and can be considered as options for intelligent self-controlled systems. The problems of organizing the functioning of cyber-physical systems in relation to the operating conditions of the basic objects of urban main transport are identifi ed. Particular attention is paid to the issues of loss management during technological operations. An approach to modeling the technological process of the station operation within the framework of the concept of cyber-physical systems is presented. The structure of technological operations and a mechanism for managing losses within the approach are proposed.

ACTIVE WALKS: THE FIRST TWELVE YEARS (PART I)

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 2317-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUI LAM
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Human History ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Concepts

Active walk is a paradigm for self-organization and pattern formation in simple and complex systems, originated by Lam in 1992. In an active walk, the walker (an agent) changes the deformable landscape as it walks and is influenced by the changed landscape in choosing its next step. Active walk models have been applied successfully to various biological, chemical and physical systems from the natural sciences, and to economics and many other systems from the social sciences. More recently, it has been used to model human history. In this review, the history, basic concepts, formulation, theories, applications, new developments and open problems of active walk are summarized and discussed. New experimental, theoretical and computer modeling results are included.

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