The Genomes of the Cereal Powdery Mildew Fungi, Blumeria graminis

2014 ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Pietro D. Spanu
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungi

scholarly journals A Pattern Recognition Tool for Quantitative Analysis of In Planta Hyphal Growth of Powdery Mildew Fungi

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 906-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Seiffert ◽  
P. Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungi

The development of fungal pathogens can be quantified easily at the level of spore germination or penetration. However, the exact quantification of hyphal growth rates after initial, successful host invasion is much more difficult. Here, we report on the development of a new pattern recognition software (HyphArea) for automated quantitative analysis of hyphal growth rates of powdery mildew fungi on plant surfaces that usually represent highly irregular and noisy image backgrounds. By using HyphArea, we measured growth rates of colonies of the barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, on susceptible and induced-resistant host plants. Hyphal growth was not influenced by the resistance state of the plants up to 48 h postinoculation. At later time points, growth rate increased on susceptible plants, whereas it remained restricted on induced-resistant plants. This difference in hyphal growth rate was accompanied by lack of secondary haustoria formation on induced-resistant plants, suggesting that induced resistance in barley against Blumeria graminis is caused mainly by reduced penetration rates of primary as well as secondary appressoria leading, finally, to fewer and lessdeveloped fungal colonies. No evidence was found for reduced nutrient-uptake efficiency of the primary haustoria in induced-resistant leaves, which would be expected to have resulted in reduced hyphal growth rates during the first 48 h of the interaction.

Graminicolous powdery mildew fungi as new natural hosts of Ampelomyces mycoparasites

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levente Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungi ◽  
Cultivated Species

The natural occurrence of Ampelomyces mycoparasites is reported for the first time in hyphae, conidiophores, and immature cleistothecia of Blumeria graminis (syn. Erysiphe graminis), the causal agent of cereal and grass powdery mildews. During a 4-year search for Ampelomyces on leaves of different wild and cultivated species of the Gramineae infected with powdery mildews in Hungary, Ampelomyces was recorded in only two samples that represent 5% of the collected monocotyledons. The host plants of B. graminis parasitized by Ampelomyces were Hordeum murinum and Poa pratensis. The pycnidia of Ampelomyces were present in only 3–10% of the powdery mildew mycelia. These observations suggest that (i) the natural occurrence of Ampelomyces mycoparasites on monocotyledons infected with powdery mildews is rare compared with their repeatedly reported incidence on dicotyledons infected with different powdery mildew fungi, and (ii) they probably do not have any significant role in the natural control of B. graminis in the field. Key words: Ampelomyces, Blumeria graminis, Erysiphe graminis, Gramineae, hyperparasitism, mycoparasitism.

scholarly journals Powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales, Ascomycota) of Western Polissya of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-398
Author(s):  
V.P. Heluta ◽  
◽  
I.M. Anishchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Powdery Mildew Fungi ◽  
First Time

Information on powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales, Ascomycota) recorded in Western Polissya of Ukraine throughout the history of research in the region is provided. The list included in the article comprises 85 species of 7 genera of Erysiphales, namely 43 species of Erysiphe, 19 of Golovinomyces, 15 of Podosphaera, three of Phyllactinia, two of Neoerysiphe and Sawadaea, and one species of Blumeria. For the first time, 21 species are reported for the region: Erysiphe astragali, E. azaleae, E. howeana, E. hypophylla, E. lycopsidis, E. macleayae, E. prunastri, E. russellii, E. syringae-japonicae, Golovinomyces ambrosiae, G. asterum, G. bolayi, G. fisheri, G. riedlianus, G. verbasci, Neoerysiphe galii, Phyllactinia fraxini, Podosphaera aucupariae, P. phtheirospermi, P. prunicola, and Sawadaea tulasnei. The most common species were Blumeria graminis, Erysiphe alphithoides, E. aquilegiae, E. divaricata, E. ornata, E. polygoni, Podosphaera aphanis, and P. myrtillina. Erysiphe heraclei, Neoerysiphe galeopsidis, and Podosphaera erigerontis-canadensis were recorded quite frequently. Erysiphe arcuata, E. astragali, E. azaleae, E. baeumleri, E. circaeae, E. cruchetiana, E. cruciferarum, E. grosulariae, E. hypophylla, E. lythri, E. macleayae, E. palczewskii, E. penicillata, E. pisi, E. prunastri, E. russellii, E. vanbruntiana, Golovinomyces ambrosiae, G. asterum, G. circumfusus, G. cynoglossi, G. fisheri, G. inulae, G. riedlianus, G. verbasci, Neoerysiphe galii, Phyllactinia fraxini, Ph. guttata s.str., Podosphaera amelanchieris, P. aucupariae, P. balsaminae, P. macularis, P. mors-uvae, P. prunicola, and Sawadaea tulasnei are known from one or two localities, so they are considered as rare species in Western Polissya of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Dissimilarity of barley powdery mildew resistances Lomerit and Heils Hanna

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dreiseitl
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Japanese Isolate ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Reaction Type ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew ◽  
Old Japanese

  The resistance Heils Hanna (HH) was postulated in several tens of 471 previously tested winter barley cultivars. In this paper, new tests on 29 of these cultivars are reported. Thirty-two reference isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei held in the pathogen genebank at the Agricultural Research Institute in Kromeriz, Ltd. including a Japanese isolate and five Israeli isolates were used for response tests. However, the resistance HH conferred by the gene Mla8 and herein characterised by reaction type 0 to an old Japanese isolate known as Race I was now postulated only in four cultivars. In the other 25 cultivars another resistance, characterised by reaction type 0 to Race I and also to two Israeli isolates, was detected. In addition to the two mentioned resistances, eight known (Bw, Dr2, Ha, IM9, Ln, Lv, Ra and Sp) resistances were found in the set examined. Lomerit was the only registered cultivar tested here in which the newly detected resistance was present alone, therefore, it is recommended that this resistance be designated Lo.

scholarly journals The effect of phytoglobin overexpression on the plant proteome during nonhost response of barley (Hordeum vulgare) to wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Andrzejczak ◽  
C. K. Sørensen ◽  
W.-Q. Wang ◽  
S. Kovalchuk ◽  
C. E. Hagensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Wheat Powdery Mildew

Changes in sterol composition with ontogeny of Blumeria graminis conidia

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1288-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Muchembled ◽  
Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui ◽  
Anne Grandmougin-Ferjani ◽  
Michel Sancholle
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Total Sterol ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Wheat Powdery Mildew

The total sterol composition of conidia of the obligate plant pathogen Blumeria (= Erysiphe) graminis f.sp. tritici has been analysed as a function of their ontogeny during sporulation. Two main classes of sterols were characterized: 24-ethylsterols (24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dienol, 24-ethylcholesterol, and Δ5-avenasterol) and 24-methylsterols (24-methylenecholesterol and episterol). Our results show that sterol composition is greatly modified during ontogeny of B. graminis conidia both at the qualitative and quantitative levels. In particular, 24-methylsterols, e.g., 24-methylenecholesterol and episterol, are the major sterols in old conidia whereas 24-ethylsterols, e.g., 24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dienol, 24-ethylcholesterol, and Δ5-avenasterol, are the main sterols in young conidia.Key words: Erysiphe, wheat powdery mildew, sterols, ontogeny.

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