Mapping Flood Risk of the World

2015 ◽  
pp. 69-102
Author(s):  
Jian Fang ◽  
Mengjie Li ◽  
Peijun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Preface: Advances in flood risk assessment and management

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1048
Author(s):  
Cristina Prieto ◽  
Dhruvesh Patel ◽  
Dawei Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Abstract. Floods are among Earth's most common and most destructive natural hazards, affecting human lives and properties directly and indirectly around the world. The frequency and magnitude of extreme flooding have been increasing in many parts of the world in recent decades (see, e.g. Berghuijs et al., 2017; Blöschl et al., 2019a; Marijnissen et al., 2019), hampering human well-being and economic growth in both developed and developing countries. Flood risk management carries out the flood risk assessment and uses appropriate resources (human, finance, science and technology, and nature) to control the flood risk (Han, 2011), which is an urgent challenge for the scientific and engineering communities to address. In a similar way to “Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology” (Blöschl et al., 2019b), despite decades of research in this field, there are still many unsolved problems in floods as well. This special issue “Flood Risk Assessment and Management” is an outcome of the session “Flood Risk Assessment and Management” in the Naturals Hazards Division at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly held in Vienna, Austria. The session series has been organized annually at EGU since 2018. This special issue presents a wide range of in-depth research studies based on flood modelling (including hydrological modelling and hydrodynamic modelling), hazard mapping, flood damage and risk assessment as well as studies that focus on flood relief prioritization, mitigation strategies and flood policies. Extraordinary floods and debris flows are also included due to dam and dike breaks and extreme storms over gullies in mountain areas. The nine articles in this special issue are broadly introduced in the following three categories.

scholarly journals Application of HAZUS-MH Flood Model in Developing Countries: The Case of Piura, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Wan Chantavilasvong ◽  
Leo Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Flood Model ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The U.S

This research looks at the U.S.’s HAZUS-MH Flood Model and adapts some of its methodologies to Piura, Peru, as an example of many regions around the world with limited technical and capital capacity to estimate inundation risks. Thus, this research proposes an accessible and doable flood risk estimation methodology which takes into account limited available data. The proposed methodology will produce maps of potential inundation areas and monetized damage values from flood scenarios. These outputs can further help local authorities design, decide, and prepare their risk mitigation and adaptation plans for the future.

scholarly journals Overview : International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Bridges ◽  
Jeffrey King ◽  
Jonathan Simm ◽  
Michael Beck ◽  
Georganna Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Risk Management ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Technical Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The application of natural and nature‑based features (NNBF) has grown steadily over the past 20 years, supported by calls for innovation in flood risk management (FRM) and nature‑based solutions from many different perspectives and organizations. Technical advancements in support of NNBF are increasingly the subject of peer‑reviewed and other technical literature. A variety of guidance has been published by numerous organizations to inform program‑level action and technical practice for specific types of nature‑based solutions. This effort to develop international guidelines on the use of NNBF was motivated by the need for a comprehensive guide that draws directly on the growing body of knowledge and experience from around the world to inform the process of conceptualizing, planning, designing, engineering, constructing, and operating NNBF.

scholarly journals FLOOD RISK, TYPOLOGY, SEVERITY AND MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181
Author(s):  
Guellouh SAMI ◽  
◽  
Filali ABDELWAHHAB ◽  
Habibi YAHYAOUI ◽  
Kalla MOUHAMED ISSAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Reality Construction ◽  
The World

Flooding has now become a major and critical concern in most parts of the world. It is defined as frequent natural phenomena that cause significant and often irreversible human and material damages. The increase in the number of catastrophic floods is first and foremost the consequence of climate change as well as land use that is not in line with environmental reality (construction on floodplain areas, inconsistent development of river beds. This paper represents generalities and definitions which allow an explanation of some fundamental concepts related to flood risk and its management.

scholarly journals A Study on the Development of Rainfall Risk Information Considering Local Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Cheonkyu Choi ◽  
Kyungtak Kim
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Risk Forecasting ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Forecast ◽  
Flood Warnings

Natural disasters caused by climate change frequently occur around the world. In Korea, flood warnings and storm warnings are used to prepare for flood damage. However, flood warnings are specifically issued for rivers while storm warnings use the same criteria throughout the country. Accordingly, there is a limit to effective flood preparation which reflects the regional characteristics of each administrative district. In this study, the flood risk matrix for each administrative district is developed in order to provide flood risk forecast information that reflects upon local characteristics. Moreover, the applicability is evaluated by using dichotomous forecasting. As a result of the forecast's evaluation, the probability of detection was determined to be over 80%. Therefore, it is possible to prepare for a flood through the forecast information of the administrative district using the flood risk matrix. In the future, it will be necessary to study how to improve the utilization of flood risk forecasting information through the continuous investigation of past damage phenomenon along with a review of flood-influencing factors.

scholarly journals Flood risk assessment due to cyclone-induced dike breaching in coastal areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Feroz Islam ◽  
Biswa Bhattacharya ◽  
Ioana Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Location ◽  
Critical Locations

Abstract. Bangladesh, one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, has a dynamic delta with 123 polders protected by earthen dikes. Cyclone-induced storm surges cause severe damage to these polders by overtopping and breaching the dikes. A total of 19 major tropical storms have hit the coast in the last 50 years, and the storm frequency is likely to increase due to climate change. The present paper presents an investigation of the inundation pattern in a protected area behind dikes due to floods caused by storm surges and identifies possible critical locations of dike breaches. Polder 48 in the coastal region, also known as Kuakata, was selected as the study area. A HEC-RAS 1-D–2-D hydrodynamic model was developed to simulate inundation of the polder under different scenarios. Scenarios were developed by considering tidal variations, the angle of the cyclone at landfall, possible dike breach locations and sea level rise due to climate change according to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). A storm surge for a cyclone event with a 1-in-25-year return period was considered for all the scenarios. The primary objective of this research was to present a methodology for identifying the critical location of dike breaching, generating a flood risk map (FRM) and a probabilistic flood map (PFM) for the breaching of dikes during a cyclone. The critical location of the dike breach among the chosen possible locations was identified by comparing the inundation extent and damage due to flooding corresponding to the developed scenarios. A FRM corresponding to the breaching in the critical location was developed, which indicated that settlements adjacent to the canals in the polders were exposed to higher risk. A PFM was developed using the simulation results corresponding to the developed scenarios, which was used to recommend the need of appropriate land use zoning to minimize the vulnerability to flooding. The developed hydrodynamic model can be used to forecast inundation, to identify critical locations of the dike requiring maintenance and to study the effect of climate change on flood inundation in the study area. The frequency and intensity of the cyclones around the world are likely to increase due to climate change, which will require resource-intensive improvement of existing or new protection structures for the deltas. The identification and prioritization of the maintenance of critical locations of dike breaching can potentially prevent a disaster. The use of non-structural tools such as land use zoning with the help of flood risk maps and probabilistic flood maps has the potential to reduce risk and damage. The method presented in this research can potentially be utilized for deltas around the world to reduce vulnerability and flood risk due to dike breaching caused by cyclone-induced storm surge.

scholarly journals Declining vulnerability to river floods and the global benefits of adaptation

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. E2271-E2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenden Jongman ◽  
Hessel C. Winsemius ◽  
Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts ◽  
Erin Coughlan de Perez ◽  
Maarten K. van Aalst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
The People ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
The World ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
River Floods ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

The global impacts of river floods are substantial and rising. Effective adaptation to the increasing risks requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and socioeconomic drivers of risk. Whereas the modeling of flood hazard and exposure has improved greatly, compelling evidence on spatiotemporal patterns in vulnerability of societies around the world is still lacking. Due to this knowledge gap, the effects of vulnerability on global flood risk are not fully understood, and future projections of fatalities and losses available today are based on simplistic assumptions or do not include vulnerability. We show for the first time (to our knowledge) that trends and fluctuations in vulnerability to river floods around the world can be estimated by dynamic high-resolution modeling of flood hazard and exposure. We find that rising per-capita income coincided with a global decline in vulnerability between 1980 and 2010, which is reflected in decreasing mortality and losses as a share of the people and gross domestic product exposed to inundation. The results also demonstrate that vulnerability levels in low- and high-income countries have been converging, due to a relatively strong trend of vulnerability reduction in developing countries. Finally, we present projections of flood losses and fatalities under 100 individual scenario and model combinations, and three possible global vulnerability scenarios. The projections emphasize that materialized flood risk largely results from human behavior and that future risk increases can be largely contained using effective disaster risk reduction strategies.

Impacts of Climate and Land Use Change in the Management of a Transboundary Basin- Case Study of Mono River catchment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rholan Houngue ◽  
Mariele Evers ◽  
Adrian Almoradie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
The World ◽  
Transboundary Management

<p>There are evidences that climate change as a result of both natural and anthropogenic processes has exacerbated the frequency and the severity of flood hazards over past decades across the world. Moreover, changes in the pattern of precipitation and temperature during the 21<sup>st</sup> century are expected to induce region-specific impacts on floods, especially increase in local floods in some catchments. However, the future is hard to predict as there are strong discrepancies in how climate change is expected to affect runoff and river discharge at different places. Many studies have proven that not only climate, socio-economic and physical factors such as elevation and soil type are determinant for flood risk characterisation. Anthropogenic activities and impacts through land use and land cover degradation have substantial implication for hydrological processes. Moreover, catchment management play an important role in sustainable flood management which is generally based on technical knowledge. But it must also be socially and politically meaningful. This is especially relevant for transboundary catchments where riparian countries might offer different economic, social and political environment, and hence have distinct approaches of flood risk reduction and management. An effective cooperation between states sharing transboundary water resources must include a continuum comprised of data exchange, information sharing, collaboration and joint action. It is a search for cooperative management while respecting the sovereignty of each state. There is a variety of methods used for assessing transboundary management and identifying cooperative strategies. Among others, the following ones can be mentioned: the Water Cooperation Quotient, the multiobjective analysis, hydropolicy simulation models, the Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) and a combination of the two later. Hence this study aims at exploring various approaches of transboundary management and analyses experienced over the world. Lessons will afterward be drawn in the context of climate and land use change in the transboundary Mono River catchment shared by the Republics of Benin and Togo.</p>

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