Biomechanical Analysis of Compressive Myelopathy: The Influence of Morthometry of the Spinal Cord

2014 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Norihiro Nishida ◽  
Tsukasa Kanchiku ◽  
Toshihiko Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

scholarly journals MR diffusion tensor imaging of the spinal cord: can it help in early detection of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and assessment of its severity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talaat Ahmed Abd El Hameed Hassan ◽  
Ramy Edward Assad ◽  
Shaimaa Atef Belal
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Mr Diffusion ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
Mr Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential application of MR diffusion tensor imaging (with calculation of fractional anisotropy (FA) values) in assessment of the spondylotic cervical spinal canal compromise and comparison with the information issued from conventional MR sequences for early detection of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Thirty patients (11 males and 19 females) were included in this study; age ranged from 22 to 70 years (mean age = 44). All patients had conventional and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examinations of the cervical spine for detection and assessment of degree of cervical cord myelopathy. FA values of the whole cord circumference and at 3, 6, 9, 12 o’clock positions of the normal cord (opposite to C2), opposite to the most affected disc, and below the level of the most affected disc were measured. Results High statistically significant P values were obtained when comparing the FA values of the normal cord with the cord opposite to the most affected disc, the normal cord with the cord below the affected disc and the cord at the level of the most affected disc with the cord below the level of the most affected disc. Conclusions DTI of the cervical spinal cord with FA measurement in patients with cervical spondylosis helps in early detection of cervical cord compressive myelopathy prior to appearance of changes in conventional MRI, which can improve the clinical outcome and help in treatment plans.

Combined partial lateral corpectomy and pediculectomy in a Dachshund

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001042
Author(s):  
Koen Maurits Santifort
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
Progressive Paraparesis ◽  
Disc Extrusion

A 5-year-old 8. 2-kg Dachshund was presented with progressive paraparesis and ataxia of several weeks’ duration and signs of pain persisting despite conservative treatment consisting of (cage) rest and analgesic treatment with gabapentin (12.2-mg/kg three times a day) and meloxicam (0.1-mg/kg once a day). Neurological examination was consistent with a T3–L3 myelopathy. CT images showed a mineralised mass in the ventrolateral (right) vertebral canal with severe compression of the spinal cord, taking up >50% of the vertebral canal. An intervertebral disc extrusion (Hansen type I intervertebral disc herniation) with compressive myelopathy was (presumptively) diagnosed. A combination of a partial lateral corpectomy and pediculectomy ('mini-hemilaminectomy') was performed. This surgical approach was deemed best suited to provide adequate access and to remove as much material as possible without compromising the spinal cord. There were no intraoperative complications. Signs did not recur postsurgically, and 2 weeks postsurgery, neurological signs were resolved.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of MRI/18F-FDG PET fusion imaging of the spinal cord in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1528-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenzo Uchida ◽  
Hideaki Nakajima ◽  
Hidehiko Okazawa ◽  
Hirohiko Kimura ◽  
Takashi Kudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Fusion Imaging ◽  
Cervical Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

Clinical significance of diffusion tensor tractography as a predictor of functional recovery after laminoplasty in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaya Nakamura ◽  
Kanehiro Fujiyoshi ◽  
Osahiko Tsuji ◽  
Tsunehiko Konomi ◽  
Naobumi Hosogane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Tractography ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cervical Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy ◽  
And Diffusion

Object This study was conducted to determine whether postoperative changes in the fractional anisotropy (FA) value and diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical spinal cord can predict functional outcome for patients with cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM). Methods Twenty patients with CCM were treated by laminoplasty from 2008 to 2009. Both T2-weighted MRI and diffusion tensor imaging were performed before and after surgery. The FA values were analyzed and fiber tracking was performed. The fiber tract (FT) ratio was calculated according to the following formula: (number of fibers at the compressed level)/(number of fibers at the C-2 level) × 100%. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system for cervical myelopathy was used to determine pre- and postoperative neurological status of the patients, and the Hirabayashi method was used to calculate the recovery rate. Results There was no significant difference in recovery rates between patients with and those without intramedullary high signal intensity on preoperative T2-weighted images. Substantial differences in FA value among spinal cord, bone, and CSF made it difficult to obtain a precise FA value for the compressed spinal cord. There was a significant correlation between the preoperative FT ratio and the recovery rate (p = 0.0006). A poor outcome (recovery rate < 40%) could be anticipated for CCM patients with preoperative FT ratios below 60%. Conclusions The preoperative FT ratio correlated significantly with the recovery rates in CCM patients. Preoperative diffusion tensor tractography can be a new prognostic predictor for neurological recovery in CCM patients after laminoplasty.

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Causing Spinal Cord Compression

Neurosurgery ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pile-Spellman ◽  
Lester Adelman ◽  
Kalmon D. Post
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

abstract A case of compressive myelopathy secondary to extramedullary hematopoiesis is presented. The similarities and differences between this disorder and myelopathy secondary to metastatic disease are discussed. If diagnosed early, this condition should improve with treatment.

scholarly journals Spinal cord compression in cattle after the use of an oily vaccine

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Guimarães Ubiali ◽  
Raquel Aparecida Sales da Cruz ◽  
Marconni Victor da Costa Lana ◽  
Yara Silva Meireles ◽  
Pedro Brandini Néspoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Epidural Space ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Filling Defect ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

An outbreak of compressive myelopathy in cattle associated with the improper use of an oil vaccine is described. Neurological signs were observed in 25 out of 3,000 cattle after 60 days of being vaccinated against foot and mouth disease. The clinical picture was characterized by progressive paralysis of the hind limbs, difficulty in standing up, and sternal recumbency during the course of 2-5 months. A filling defect between the L1 and L3 vertebrae was seen through myelography performed in one of the affected animals. A yellow-gray, granular and irregular mass was observed in four necropsied animals involving the spinal nerve roots and epidural space of the lumbar (L1-L4) spinal cord; the mass was associated with a whitish oily fluid. This fluid was also found in association with necrosis of the longissimus dorsi muscle. Microscopic changes in the epidural space, nerve roots, and spinal musculature were similar and consisted of granulomas or pyogranulomas around circular unstained spaces (vacuoles). These spaces were located between areas of severe diffuse hyaline necrosis of muscle fibers and resembled the drops of oil present in the vaccine.

Biomechanical Analysis of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Trunk Musculature During Wheelchair Propulsion

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Sheng Yang ◽  
Alicia M. Koontz ◽  
Ronald J. Triolo ◽  
Rory A. Cooper ◽  
Michael L. Boninger
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Wheelchair Propulsion ◽  
Trunk Motion ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Trunk Musculature

Background. The objective of this study was to examine how surface electrical stimulation of trunk musculature influences the kinematic, kinetic, and metabolic characteristics, as well as shoulder muscle activity, during wheelchair propulsion. Methods. Eleven participants with spinal cord injury propelled their own wheelchairs on a dynamometer at a speed of 1.3 m/s for three 5-minute trials. During a propulsion trial, 1 of 3 stimulation levels (HIGH, LOW, and OFF) was randomly applied to the participant’s abdominal and back muscle groups with a surface functional electrical stimulation device. Propulsion kinetics, trunk kinematics, metabolic responses, and surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of 6 shoulder muscles were collected synchronously. Kinetic, kinematic, and EMG variables were recorded during 3 time intervals (30 seconds each) within a 5-minute trial. Metabolic variables were recorded through the entire 5-minute trial. Results. Participants with HIGH stimulation increased their gross mechanical efficiency ( P = .05) during wheelchair propulsion. No differences were found in shoulder EMG activity, energy expenditure, and trunk motion between stimulation levels. Conclusion. Functional electrical stimulation on the trunk musculature has potential advantages in helping manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury improve propulsion efficiency without placing additional demands on shoulder musculature.

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