The Golgi-System Contributes to NO Homeostasis

2012 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Tamás Rőszer
Keyword(s):  
Golgi System

Golgi Apparatus and Melanogenesis: Ultrastructural Study of a Human Cellular Blue Nevus (Melanocytoma)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 380-381
Author(s):  
S.R. Allegra
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blue Nevus ◽  
Normal Complement ◽  
Golgi Vesicles ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cellular Blue Nevus

The respective roles of the ribo somes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and perhaps nucleus in the synthesis and maturation of melanosomes is still the subject of some controversy. While the early melanosomes (premelanosomes) have been frequently demonstrated to originate as Golgi vesicles, it is undeniable that these structures can be formed in cells in which Golgi system is not found. This report was prompted by the findings in an essentially amelanotic human cellular blue nevus (melanocytoma) of two distinct lines of melanocytes one of which was devoid of any trace of Golgi apparatus while the other had normal complement of this organelle.

scholarly journals M-COPA, a novel Golgi system disruptor, suppresses apoptosis induced by Shiga toxin

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Hattori ◽  
Miho Watanabe-Takahashi ◽  
Isamu Shiina ◽  
Yoshimi Ohashi ◽  
Shingo Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Golgi System

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF COLLAGEN SECRETION BY ESTABLISHED MOUSE FIBROBLAST LINES

1964 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton Goldberg ◽  
Howard Green
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Synthesis ◽  
Collagen Secretion ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Alternative Theories

In vitro synthesis of collagen by established mouse fibroblast lines has been examined by electron microscopy. During rapid growth (log phase), when collagen could not be detected in the cultures, the cells lacked a well developed granular ergastoplasm and Golgi system. Upon cessation of growth (stationary phase), collagen accumulated in the cultures and the cells demonstrated highly developed granular and smooth ergastoplasm. Collagen appeared to be synthesized in the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and to be transported as a soluble protein to the cell surface by vesicular elements of the agranular ergastoplasm. Fusion of the limiting membranes of these vesicles with the cell membrane permitted the discharge of the soluble collagen into the extracellular space, where fibrils of two diameter distributions formed. The secretion of collagen is concluded to be of the merocrine type. Alternative theories of collagen secretion are discussed and the data for established lines compared with the results of other in vitro and in vivo studies of collagen fibrillogenesis.

Histological Studies on the Genus Fucus

1968 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
MARGARET E. MCCULLY
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Membrane Interface ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Basal Nuclei ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Intracellular Volume

The fine structure of the epidermal cells of the vegetative Fucus thallus has been examined in material fixed with acrolein. These cells are highly polarized, with basal nuclei and chloroplasts, a hypertrophied perinuclear Golgi system, and a much convoluted wall/plasma membrane interface. Much of the intracellular volume is occupied by single membrane-bounded vesicles containing alginic acid, fucoidin and polyphenols. The chloroplasts were examined by light and electron microscopy and shown to contain structured inclusions not previously described in Fucus plastids. It is suggested on the basis of their morphology that the epidermal cells may be specialized for the absorption of inorganic carbon and sulphate from the outside of the plant and for the secretion of alginic acid, fucoidin and polyphenols. The possible role of these cells in the prevention of desiccation and in osmoregulation is discussed.

Étude cytologique du mode d'action du capsidiol, sur les hyphes de Phytophthora capsici

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Turelli ◽  
Claude Coulomb ◽  
Stéphanie Mutaftschiev ◽  
Philippe-Jean Coulomb
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Mode D’Action

After the action of capsidiol on the hyphae of Phytophthora capsici in vitro, observations with electron microscopy revealed alterations in the cell wall, in the plasmalemma, in the mitochondria, and in the Golgi system. Among other effects, phytoalexin stimulated the separation of the external cell wall layers, liberating a three-component filament. Such cytomorphological events were also recorded in situ on sections, when the fungus parasitized the leaves of Capsicum annuum. [Translated by the Journal]

The specific identity of the algal symbiont in Convoluta roscoffensis

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Parke ◽  
Irene Manton
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Algal Symbiont ◽  
New Information ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Convoluta Roscoffensis ◽  
Specific Identity

The algal symbiont of Convoluta roscoffensis (Graff) has been studied with the light and electron microscopes both in situ in worms collected from four localities on the coast of Brittany and in various forms of isolates in culture. The same organism has also been obtained from populations of free-living monads collected from sand and water samples adjacent to the Convoluta colonies. Its structure and behaviour in culture are described and illustrated. Platymonas convolutae sp.nov. is a very distinct species with a rough-surfaced theca and a pyrenoid with some new characters not previously recorded in other members of the group. Some new information on scale and theca production from the Golgi system has also been obtained.

‘Shed’ furin: mapping of the cleavage determinants and identification of its C-terminus

2001 ◽  
Vol 354 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara PLAIMAUER ◽  
Gabriele MOHR ◽  
Waltraud WERNHART ◽  
Michèle HIMMELSPACH ◽  
Friedrich DORNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Deletion Mutants ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Individual Amino Acid ◽  
Internal Deletion ◽  
Bioactive Proteins ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Prime Determinant ◽  
Precursor Molecules

The human endoprotease furin is involved in the proteolytic maturation of the precursor molecules of a wide variety of bioactive proteins. Despite its localization in the membranes of the trans-Golgi system by means of a transmembrane domain, it has repeatedly been reported to form a C-terminally truncated, naturally secreted form referred to as ‘shed’ furin. In order to identify the cleavage site, internal deletion mutants of increasing size, N-terminal to Leu708, and subsequently individual amino acid substitutions were introduced, and Arg683 was identified as the prime determinant for shedding. MS analysis determined Ser682 as the C-terminus of shed furin, suggesting that monobasic cleavage may occur N-terminal to Arg683. Alteration of Arg683 directs the shedding mechanism to alternative cleaving sites previously unused.

scholarly journals Two integral membrane proteins located in the cis-middle and trans-part of the Golgi system acquire sialylated N-linked carbohydrates and display different turnovers and sensitivity to cAMP-dependent phosphorylation.

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Yuan ◽  
J G Barriocanal ◽  
J S Bonifacino ◽  
I V Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
Golgi System ◽  
Different Parts

The localization and chemical characteristics of two Golgi integral membrane proteins (GIMPs) have been studied using monoclonal antibodies. The two proteins are segregated in different parts of the Golgi system and whereas GIMPc(130 kD) is located in the cis and medial cisternae, GIMPt (100 kD) is confined in the trans-most cisterna and trans-tubular network. Both GIMPs are glycoproteins that contain N- and O-linked carbohydrates. The N-linked carbohydrates were exclusively of the complex type. Although excluded from the trans-side of the Golgi system, where sialylation is believed to occur, GIMPc acquires sialic acid in both its N- and O-linked carbohydrates. Sialic acid was also detected in the N-linked carbohydrates of GIMPt. GIMPc is apparently phosphorylated in the luminal domain in vivo. Phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serine and was stimulated by dibutyryl cyclic AMP. GIMPc and GIMPt displayed half-lives of 20 and 9 h, respectively.

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