Synthetic Approach to Understanding Meta-level Cognition of Predictability in Generating Cooperative Behavior

The paper discusses advantages and shortcomings of the Bowles book, with the emphasis on the community ownership, altruism, and cooperative behavior. The author claims that the book while being surely valuable as an academic contribution, can not, however, substitute standard textbooks in microeconomics.

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The Effect of Sanctions on Cooperative Behavior: A Study on Medium Trust Individuals in the Context of Corruption

ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal ◽

10.24123/aipj.v34i1.2023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dewi Rosiana ◽

Achmad Djunaidi ◽

Indun Lestari Setyono ◽

Wilis Srisayekti

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Public Interest ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cooperative Behavior ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Public Interests ◽

The Public ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

Personal Interests

This study aims to describe the effect of sanctions (individual sanctions, collective sanctions, and absence of sanctions) on cooperative behavior of individuals with medium trust in the context of corruption. Both collective sanctions and individual sanctions, are systemic, which means sanctioning behavior is exercised not by each individual but by the system. Cooperative behavior in this context means choosing to obey rules, to reject acts of corruption and to prioritize public interests rather than the personal interests. Conversely, corruption is an uncooperative behavior to the rules, and ignores the public interest and prioritizes personal interests. Research subjects were 62 students. The Chi-Square Analysis was used to see the association between the variables and the logistic regression model was applied to describe the structure of this association. Individual sanction is recommended as punishment to medium trust individuals to promote cooperative behavior in the context of corruption. The results showed that individuals with medium trust had more cooperative behavior.

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Importance of the Intersection of Library and Information Sciences with Systems Theory

Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies ◽

10.24242/jclis.v1i1.23 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hannah Lee

Keyword(s):

System Theory ◽

General System ◽

General System Theory ◽

Von Bertalanffy ◽

Meta Level ◽

Professional Field ◽

The Subject ◽

Critical Insight ◽

Insight Into ◽

Information Sciences

This paper is the attempt to show how system theory could provide critical insight into the transdisciplinary field of library and information sciences (LIS). It begins with a discussion on the categorization of library and information sciences as an academic and professional field (or rather, the lack of evidence on the subject) and what is exactly meant by system theory, drawing upon the general system theory established by Ludwig von Bertalanffy. The main conversation of this paper focuses on the inadequacies of current meta-level discussions of LIS and the benefits of general system theory (particularly when considering the exponential rapidity in which information travels) with LIS.

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New Insights into the Nature of the Band Gap of CuGeO3 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Optical and Photocatalytic Properties

10.26434/chemrxiv.8362409.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Victor Y. Suzuki ◽

Luís Henrique Cardozo Amorin ◽

Natália H. de Paula ◽

Anderson R. Albuquerque ◽

Julio Ricardo Sambrano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electronic Structure ◽

Band Gap ◽

Material Design ◽

Photocatalytic Properties ◽

Critical Parameters ◽

Synthetic Approach ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽

First Time

We report, for the first time, new insights into the nature of the band gap of <a>CuGeO3 </a>(CGO) nanocrystals synthesized from a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method in the presence of citrate. To the best of our knowledge, this synthetic approach has the shortest reaction time and it works at the lowest temperatures reported in the literature for the preparation of these materials. The influence of the surfactant on the structural, electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties of CGO nanocrystals is discussed by a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches, and that results elucidates the nature of the band gap of synthetized CGO nanocrystals. We believe that this particular strategy is one of the most critical parameters for the development of innovative applications and that result could shed some light on the emerging material design with entirely new properties.

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General Cyclopropane Assembly via Enantioselective Redox-Active Carbene Transfer to Aliphatic Olefins

10.26434/chemrxiv.7436795 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Montesinos-Magraner ◽

Matteo Costantini ◽

Rodrigo Ramirez-Contreras ◽

Michael E. Muratore ◽

Magnus J. Johansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Synthesis ◽

Asymmetric Synthesis ◽

Chemical Space ◽

Synthetic Approach ◽

Asymmetric Cyclopropanation ◽

Redox Active ◽

Wide Range ◽

Leaving Group ◽

Stereoelectronic Properties ◽

Carbene Transfer

Asymmetric cyclopropane synthesis currently requires bespoke strategies, methods, substrates and reagents, even when targeting similar compounds. This limits the speed and chemical space available for discovery campaigns. Here we introduce a practical and versatile diazocompound, and we demonstrate its performance in the first unified asymmetric synthesis of functionalized cyclopropanes. We found that the redox-active leaving group in this reagent enhances the reactivity and selectivity of geminal carbene transfer. This effect enabled the asymmetric cyclopropanation of a wide range of olefins including unactivated aliphatic alkenes, enabling the 3-step total synthesis of (–)-dictyopterene A. This unified synthetic approach delivers high enantioselectivities that are independent of the stereoelectronic properties of the functional groups transferred. Our results demonstrate that orthogonally-differentiated diazocompounds are viable and advantageous equivalents of single-carbon chirons.

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